Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Jones

Publications and source records attributed to M Jones.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Housing accommodation preferences of people with psychiatric disabilities.

OBJECTIVE: The study sought to identify the types of housing preferred by people with psychiatric disabilities seeking accommodations through a community mental health service in Sydney, Australia. METHODS: Housing options available in the mental health service's catchment area were identified, and the extent of demands on residents' behavior that was associated with each option was assessed using an established measure. Clients examined descriptions of each housing option and rank-ordered the options based on their preferences. Clients' current levels of functioning and symptoms were also assessed. RESULTS: Clients most preferred environments that ensured living alone in settings of low behavioral demand. Living in one's own home was the most preferred option, followed by living in government-subsidized housing, For-profit boarding houses were preferred over psychiatric group homes, and homelessness, long-term hospitalization, and crisis accommodations were least preferred. Shelter, privacy, food, and safety were highly valued housing attributes. Demographic characteristics, level of functioning, and severity of psychiatric symptoms did not predict accommodation preferences. CONCLUSION: Consumers' resistance to psychiatric group housing with high levels of behavioral demand is unrelated to consumer characteristics and should be considered in planning suitable accommodations for persons with psychiatric disabilities.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1996

The element of surprise.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1996

Using larvae in modern wound management.

Initial clinical experience in the UK with maggot therapy for the treatment of necrotic or infected wounds has proved very encouraging. Sterile larvae have been reared in the Surgical Materials Testing Laboratory for this purpose. This paper reports the use of larvae in six patients and discusses some of the advantages and disadvantages of this form of therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Safety and efficacy of in vivo gene transfer into the porcine heart with replication-deficient, recombinant adenovirus vectors.

Gene transfer with replication-deficient recombinant adenovirus (Ad) vectors may provide a novel approach to the treatment of some cardiac disorders. The relative efficiency of intramyocardial vs intracoronary Ad vector injection in transducing myocardial cells remains to be determined. Further, Ad vectors are associated with localized inflammation, and this could be associated with clinically significant side-effects. Female minipigs underwent open chest surgery and the Ad vector AdCMV.NLS beta-gal was injected into the circumflex coronary artery (IC; 2 x 10(10) p.f.u.; n = 5) or the posterobasal wall of the left ventricle (i.m.; 5 x 10(9) p.f.u., n = 4; 2 x 10(10) p.f.u., n = 18). The minipigs were killed after 2-31 days and the hearts examined for evidence of beta-galactosidase activity. Minipigs underwent epicardial echocardiography immediately before, within 15 min following the i.m. injection of AdCMV.NLS beta-gal and again at the time of death. Blood samples for white blood cell count, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and electrolytes were obtained before i.m. and i.c. injection of the Ad vector and before death. Intramuscular injection of the Ad vector was more efficient than i.c. infusion in infecting cells in a localized area of the heart. Myocardial beta-gal activity peaked at 3-6 days after i.m. injection and returned to its control value within 1 month. Although inflammatory cells were present at the injection site, echocardiograms did not show any evidence of either segmental or global left ventricular dysfunction. No minipigs died and all blood tests remained within normal limits following either i.m. or i.c. exposure to the Ad vector. In summary, direct i.m. administration of replication-deficient, recombinant Ad vectors provides a safe and effective approach for short-term gene transfer into the heart of large mammals.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1996

Pediatric rheumatology in the United Kingdom: data from the British Pediatric Rheumatology Group National Diagnostic Register.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a computerized national diagnostic register for pediatric rheumatology in the UK; to describe the demography and diagnostic classification of children referred to pediatric rheumatology clinics; to estimate the current incidence of juvenile arthritis (JA) in the UK. METHODS: A diagnostic register was established in 1989: 23 centers have contributed data on all new cases seen since they joined the register; 18 centers have also contributed data on all current attenders. For 2 centers with well defined catchment areas, the incidence of JA was estimated. RESULTS: A total of 4948 cases were registered, of whom 2962 (60%) were female. 1991 (40%) had a diagnosis of JA. The 2nd largest category was mechanical/orthopedic problems (24%). Pauciarticular juvenile chronic arthritis was the most common subtype of JA. Seropositive RA was rare. Tertiary referral centers saw proportionately more JA and district general hospitals saw proportionately more mechanical problems. The annual incidence rate for JA from 2 centers was 10/100,000, and for all rheumatic disorders was 32-42/100,000 children under age 16. CONCLUSION: The relative proportion of patient diagnoses varies between centers. Nevertheless, the incidence of hospital referred JA seems very uniform.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Down's syndrome.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Fractionated radioimmunotherapy of human colon carcinoma xenografts with 131I-labeled monoclonal antibody CC49.

Radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) have been used for radioimmunotherapy (RIT) of human colon cancer xenografts in an attempt to develop promising clinical approaches to improving therapy success. Several strategies have been investigated to accomplish this task while decreasing toxicity. The CC49 antibody was selected for the present studies because of its relatively high affinity constant (16.2 x 10(9) M-1) for the high molecular weight TAG-72 mucinous antigen secreted by human colon cancer cells. In previous studies, when CC49 was labeled with 131I, it demonstrated a substantial therapeutic advantage over the lower affinity antibody (B72.3) reactive with TAG-72. One of the chief problems in achieving cures with RIT is that hematological toxicity limits the quantity of radionuclide that can be administered. In other studies of dose fractionation using athymic nude mice and 131I-labeled intact MoAbs reactive with human colon cancer xenografts, multiple administrations at approximately 1-week intervals were found to produce more prolonged tumor growth inhibition and less toxicity than single administrations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic efficacy and toxicity of 131I-labeled CC49 MoAb administered with short fractionation schedules against human colon cancer xenografts to determine the optimal treatment schedule, with the ultimate aim of applying this approach in clinical trials. The results reported here demonstrate that in an animal colon cancer xenograft model, RIT delivered in a fractionated schedule clearly presents a therapeutic advantage. For example, one administration of 600 microCi 131I-labeled CC49 to LS174T tumor-bearing mice was lethal to approximately 25% of mice but produced no tumor regressions. Fractionation of this dose to two administrations of 300 microCi 131I-labeled CC49 at a 3-day interval resulted in tumor regression in approximately 30% of the animals, accompanied by a similar 25% death rate. The administration of 300 microCi 131I-labeled CC49 at a 7-day interval resulted in 15% animal lethality, but no complete tumor regressions. When three administrations of 300 microCi 131I-labeled CC49 were given over a 1-week period on days 0, 3, and 7, tumor regressions occurred in approximately 40% of the animals, accompanied by a 30% death rate. Moreover, three administrations of 300 microCi 131I-labeled CC49 resulted in 20% tumor recurrence, whereas two administrations of 131I-labeled CC49 resulted in 60% tumor recurrence.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1995

CD79a: a novel marker for B-cell neoplasms in routinely processed tissue samples.

The CD79 molecule, comprising two polypeptide chains, mb-1 (CD79a) and B29 (CD79b), is physically associated in the B-cell membrane with immunoglobulin. It transmits a signal after antigen binding and may, therefore, be considered the B cell equivalent of CD3. It appears before the pre-B-cell stage, and the mb-1 (CD79a) chain can still be present at the plasma cell stage. In this report, we describe a new anti-CD79a monoclonal antibody, JCB117, which reacts with human B cells in paraffin embedded tissue sections, including decalcified bone marrow trephines. When tested on a total of 454 paraffin embedded tissue biopsies, gathered from a number of different institutions, it reacted with the great majority (97%) of B-cell neoplasms, covering the full range of B-cell maturation, including 10 of 20 cases of myeloma/plasmacytoma. It is of interest that the antibody labels precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia samples, making it the most reliable B-cell marker detectable in paraffin-embedded specimens in this disorder. All neoplasms of T cell or nonlymphoid origin were negative, indicating that antibody JCB117 may be of value to diagnostic histopathologists for the identification of B-cell neoplasms of all maturation stages.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1995

Characterization of a novel zinc finger gene (ZNF165) mapping to 6p21 that is expressed specifically in testis.

Clone ZF388 was identified during the course of expressed sequence tag analysis of human adult testis cDNAs as being a member of the C2H2 zinc finger gene family. Northern blot analysis of a range of 16 different human tissues has shown that clone ZF388 detects a single 2.2-kb transcript and that the expression of this mRNA species is strictly specific to the testis. Sequence analysis of ZF388 and other clones isolated by rescreening a testis cDNA library has defined a transcript with an extensive N-terminal acidic domain containing 17% aspartic and glutamic acid residues and a C-terminal domain composed of five zinc finger motifs linked through the highly conserved sequence TGE-KPYE. This gene has been designated ZNF165. Analysis of somatic cell hybrids containing single human chromosomes shows that ZNF165 maps to chromosome 6. Fluorescence in situ hybridization of cDNA insert probes to male metaphase spreads shows that the ZNF165 transcript maps to 6p21 close to the human MHC region. Human 6p21 is homologous with the distal inversion of the mouse t-complex, which has been shown to contain a cluster of genes expressed specifically in the testis.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Synthesis and in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of a series of trans platinum antitumor complexes.

The synthesis of a series of platinum complexes of trans coordination geometry [centered around the general formula, trans-ammine(amine)dichlorodihydroxoplatinum(IV) plus corresponding tetrachloroplatinum(IV) or Pt(II) counterparts] is described as part of a drug discovery program to identify more effective platinum-based anticancer drugs, particularly targeted toward the circumvention of resistance to cisplatin. Complexes have been evaluated for antitumor activity using in vitro and in vivo tumor models. In vitro against a panel of cisplatin-sensitive and -resistant human tumor cell lines (predominantly ovarian), many of the trans platinum complexes studied (e.g., 1, R = cyclohexyl) exhibited comparable potency to cisplatin and also overcame acquired cisplatin resistance, where resistance was due mainly to either reduced drug uptake or enhanced platinum-DNA adduct removal. Moreover, 14 trans complexes showed significant in vivo antitumor activity against the subcutaneous murine ADJ/PC6 plasmacytoma model; all were platinum(IV) complexes, 13/14 possessing axial hydroxo ligands the other possessing axial ethylcarbamato ligands. Where tested, all of their respective platinum(II) or tetrachloroplatinum(IV) counterparts were inactive. Notably, three dihydroxoPt(IV) complexes (18, 29, 34) (R = c-hexyl, c-heptyl, and 1-adamantyl) retained some efficacy against a cisplatin-resistant variant of the ADJ/PC6. Compounds 18 (trans-[PtCl2(OH)2NH3-(RNH2)]) R = c-C6H11, 22, R = Me3C, 27, R = n-C6H13, 28, R = PhCH2, and 36 (trans-[PtBr2(OH)2NH3(c-C6H11NH2)]) also produced evidence of antitumor activity (> 5 days growth delay) against subcutaneously grown advanced stage human ovarian carcinoma xenografts. These data demonstrate that a series of trans-ammine(amine)dichlorodihydroxoplatinum(IV) complexes are active in vivo against both murine and human subcutaneous tumor models and represent potential leads to a new generation of platinum-based anticancer drug.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Spectrum of X-linked hydrocephalus (HSAS), MASA syndrome, and complicated spastic paraplegia (SPG1): Clinical review with six additional families.

X-linked hydrocephalus (HSAS) (MIM *307000), MASA syndrome (MIM *303350), and complicated spastic paraplegia (SPG1) (MIM *312900) are closely related. Soon after delineation, SPG1 was incorporated into the spectrum of MASA syndrome. HSAS and MASA syndrome show great clinical overlap; DNA linkage analysis places the loci at Xq28. In an increasing number of families with MASA syndrome or HSAS, mutations in L1CAM, a gene located at Xq28, have been reported. In order to further delineate the clinical spectrum, we studied 6 families with male patients presenting with MASA syndrome, HSAS, or a mixed phenotype. We summarized data from previous reports and compared them with our data. Clinical variability appears to be great, even within families. Problems in genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis, the possible overlap with X-linked corpus callosum agenesis and FG syndrome, and the different forms of X-linked complicated spastic paraplegia are discussed. Since adducted thumbs and spastic paraplegia are found in 90% of the patients, the condition may be present in males with nonspecific mental retardation. We propose to abandon the designation MASA syndrome and use the term HSAS/MASA spectrum, incorporating SPG1.

Agenesis of Corpus Callosum↗