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Biomedical subjects

M Janier

Publications and source records attributed to M Janier.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Evaluation of a chemiluminometric immunoassay for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in the urine of male and female patients.

A chemiluminometric immunoassay (Magic Lite Chlamydia) for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis antigens in first-void urine samples was compared with cell culture using urogenital swabs from 221 men and 242 women. The rate of isolation of Chlamydia trachomatis was 23.5% in men, nearly 80% of whom had symptoms of urethritis, and 8.3% in women, in whom both cervix and urethra samples were tested. In urine sediments from men and women respectively the chemiluminometric assay showed a sensitivity of 80.8% and 70%, a specificity of 97% and 95%, a positive predictive value of 89.4% and 58.3%, and a negative predictive value of 94.3% and 97.2%. Discrepancies between results obtained with the chemiluminometric assay and cell culture were resolved using two polymerase chain reaction techniques to test urogenital samples. The detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in urine samples with the chemiluminometric assay was confirmed to be superior for screening symptomatic men with urogenital infections than women as a lower prevalence population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Erythroderma induced by teicoplanin].

We report the case of a 38-year old man who developed erythroderma during treatment with teicoplanin for staphylococcal septicaemia. The clinical symptoms, which included high fever, shock and erythroderma, were suggestive of staphylococcal toxic shock. After teicoplanin was withdrawn and replaced by vancomycin the disease followed a favourable course. The reintroduction test was positive. This case illustrates the problems associated with the diagnosis of erythroderma in intensive care patients and confirms that it is possible to prescribe vancomycin in cases with allergic reaction to teicoplanin.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Cardiac beta-adrenergic receptor density measured in vivo using PET, CGP 12177, and a new graphical method.

The in vivo quantification of myocardial beta-adrenergic receptor has been obtained in five closed-chest dogs using positron emission tomography (PET). The ligand was racemic (+/-)[11C] CGP 12177, a very potent hydrophilic antagonist of the beta-adrenergic receptor. A kinetic method appeared unsuitable because of the presence of metabolites which made the input function difficult to measure and also inaccurate. Therefore, a graphical method, based on a particular protocol, was proposed. The animals were injected with a trace amount of (+/-)[11C]CGP 12177, which was followed 40 min later by a second injection of radioligand with a low-specific activity. An additional injection of an excess of unlabeled CGP 12177 was administered after 90 min and allowed for the estimation of the dissociation rate constant. The main advantage of this graphical approach is that the results are obtained without having to measure the input function and therefore without estimating the metabolites. The average value of Bmax was 31 +/- 4 pmole/ml of tissue and the dissociation constant was 0.014 +/- 0.002 min-1.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1991

[Kaposi's sarcoma associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome].

AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) accounts for 15-20% of cases of AIDS. Clinical presentation is similar to that of classical KS but with an overall more aggressive evolution and cutaneous dissimilation. There is no particular predilection for the lower limbs and frequent lesions are located on the face. Most of the cases have occurred in homosexual males with a moderate immune deficiency (mean CD.4 = 300/mm3). This predilection for gay people has not yet received explanation and the physiopathology of KS is unclear. Treatment of KS with interferon or chemotherapy (Bleomycin) is effective in 30-50% of cases.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

[Prevalence of HIV-1, HIV-2 and HTLV-1 infections. Experience in a Parisian center for sexually transmitted diseases].

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is, to a great extent, a sexually transmitted disease (STD). Its diffusion among the heterosexual population is still limited. STD treatment centres are particularly well organized to watch this diffusion. At the STD centre of the Saint-Louis hospital, Paris, we conducted a 6-week prospective study concerning the systematic detection of HIV-1 infection in 240 consecutive female out-patients in 1988, and in 504 male out-patients in 1989. The results obtained were as follow: 5/240 women (2.1 percent) and 19/504 men (3.8 percent) were seropositive for HIV-1. Out of these 24 subjects, 15 did not know they were seropositive. Predictive factors for seropositivity were male homosexuality, addiction to heroin and, in women, drug addicts as sex partners. Altogether, 23 of the 24 seropositive subjects had the classical risk factors for HIV-1 infection. None of the 744 subjects in this study were HIV-2 seropositive, and only 1 out of 504 men was HTLV-1 seropositive. We conclude that the prevalence of HIV-1 infection was high in our centre, and this prompts us to suggest that the serological test should be proposed to all out-patients and that patient's education and preventive measures should be organized by STD centres, even though the infection is still limited to patients at a particularly high risk (drug addicts, homosexuals, country of origin).

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Treatment of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome-related Kaposi's sarcoma with bleomycin as a single agent.

A nonrandomized trial was conducted to assess the efficiency and toxicity of bleomycin as a single agent in treatment of non-life-threatening AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). Sixty patients were enrolled in this study. They all had a disseminated and progressive non-life-threatening AIDS-related KS associated with systemic symptoms and/or CD4 lymphocyte count less than 400/mm3. Thirty patients were treated with intramuscular bleomycin (5 mg/d for 3 days every 2 or 3 weeks) and 30 others with a slow continuous intravenous infusion of bleomycin (6 mg/m3/d for 4 days every 4 weeks). The mean duration of therapy was 5 months (range, 2 to 24 months). A partial response was observed in 29 patients (48.3%) and the disease was stabilized in 18 additional patients (30%). Bleomycin failed in 21.6% of patients. Therapy had to be discontinued in two patients because of side effects. Thus bleomycin as a single agent is a good alternative therapy for AIDS-related KS.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

[Acquired syphilis during human immunodeficiency virus infection. 6 cases].

We retrospectively studied the clinical, serological, bacteriological and histopathological data obtained in 6 HIV seropositive patients seen in our department from 1986 to 1989 for secondary syphilis. The clinical presentation was atypical in 4 of the 6 patients, with 2 palmoplantar keratodermas and 2 ulcerative syphilids. The diagnosis was made on darkfield examination in 2 patients, high titers of antibodies in 6 and histopathological examination (numerous plasma cells) in 4. All were cured with the classical penicillin therapy recommended for early syphilis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Cystic benign lymphoepithelial lesion of the salivary glands in HIV-positive patients. Report of two cases with immunohistochemical study.

Two cases of cystic benign lymphoepithelial lesions (CBLL) of the submandibular and parotid glands occurring in HIV-positive patients are reported. The clinical and pathological criteria are defined and the differences from Sjögren's syndrome discussed. The presence, in the epithelial component, of T-cells labelled by the human mucosal lymphocyte antibody argues for a primary involvement of epithelial structures in CBLL, the lymphoid hyperplasia occurring secondarily.

Adult↗