Biomedical subjects

M J Zervos

Publications and source records attributed to M J Zervos.

93 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Bacteremia in narcotic addicts at the Detroit Medical Center. II. Infectious endocarditis: a prospective comparative study.

For one year all narcotic addicts admitted to the Detroit Medical Center with infectious endocarditis (74 cases) were compared with a control group of bacteremic addicts who had other infections (106 cases). Endocarditis was caused by Staphylococcus aureus (60.8% of cases), streptococci (16.2%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13.5%), mixed bacteria (8.1%), and Corynebacterium JK (1.4%). S. aureus endocarditis most frequently involved the tricuspid valve; streptococci infected left-sided valves significantly more often than other organisms (P = .001). Biventricular and multiple-valve infections were commonest in patients with pseudomonas endocarditis (P = .05). Two-dimensional echocardiography, when combined with an abnormal chest roentgenogram, was highly predictive of endocarditis. Bacteremia in the absence of endocarditis was associated with primary skin and soft tissue infection, mycotic aneurysm at the site of narcotic injection, septic arthritis, septic thrombophlebitis, pneumonia, osteomyelitis, mediastinal abscess, and unclassified infection. Polymicrobial bacteremia in the nonendocarditis group was associated with markedly increased morbidity. Mild hyponatremia occurred in 41% of all patients and was also associated with significantly increased morbidity. Analysis of the two groups disclosed similarities and differences with implications for the pathophysiology and treatment of addicts with bacteremic infection.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Validity of contour-clamped homogeneous electric field electrophoresis as a typing system for Candida albicans.

Instigated by an increase in serious human Candida infections and aided by advances in technology, there has been renewed interest in the study of the epidemiology of fungal infections. Among the newer techniques available, contour-clamped homogeneous electric field (CHEF) electrophoresis has shown great promise as a tool for typing strains of Candida albicans. However, few studies have addressed the reproducibility of the preparatory and electrophoretic methods. Through a series of analyses on clinical isolates of C. albicans, we were able to demonstrate that (a) sample preparation induced no appreciable artifacts in CHEF banding patterns; (b) the electrophoretic patterns were reproducible over time; (c) changes in colony morphology were not associated with changes in the electrophoretic pattern, and (d) the method was more sensitive than restriction enzyme analysis (REA) for demonstrating strain differences. CHEF electrophoresis is a sensitive and reproducible tool for the study of Candida epidemiology. Further use and study of this methodology is warranted.

Candida albicans↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Oral telithromycin 800 mg once daily for 5 days versus cefuroxime axetil 500 mg twice daily for 10 days in adults with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis.

The efficacy and safety of a 5-day regimen of 800 mg telithromycin once daily was compared with a standard 10-day regimen of 500 mg cefuroxime axetil twice daily in a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group trial involving 376 patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (AECB). In clinically evaluable patients (n = 282), post-therapy clinical cure rates were 86.4% with telithromycin and 83.1% with cefuroxime axetil. In bacteriologically evaluable patients (n = 53), eradication or presumed eradication of the pathogen was achieved in 76.0% and 78.6% of telithromycin and cefuroxime axetil patients, respectively. Adverse events were mostly mild; the most common were diarrhoea (12.8% versus 11.8%) and nausea (8.9% versus 3.2%) in telithromycin and cefuroxime axetil patients, respectively. The 5-day regimen of 800 mg telithromycin once daily was similar in efficacy and equally well tolerated as a 10-day regimen of 500 mg cefuroxime axetil twice daily in adults with AECB.

Administration, Oral↗