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Biomedical subjects

M J Wayner

Publications and source records attributed to M J Wayner.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Behavioral teratogenesis: a critical evaluation.

A critical review of some relevant literature concerning the effects of prenatal administration of drugs and several other substances on postnatal behavior. Significant variables and problems in the adequate design of experiments to assess these effects are discussed. Although the evidence concerning prenatal drug effects on behavior is equivocal, sufficient data exist to indicate that this will continue to be a viable and important area of research in the future. Present results demonstrate the complexity of drug interactions with other variables.

Amphetamine↗
PubMed1976

Effects of acute and chronic administration of caffeine on schedule dependent and schedule induced behavior.

The effects of caffeine (3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) on lever pressing, schedule induced licking and water consumption induced by a fixed interval 1 min schedule were studied. Changes in these dependent variables were assessed when animals were reduced to 80% of their initial body weight by partial food deprivation and when body weights recovered after the animals were returned to conditions of ad lib feeding. Results indicate differential effects of the drug between animals at 80% body weight and when they are permitted to recover. Tolerance was examined for a single large dose only for the same dependent variables in animals at 80% body weight.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Effects of phenobarbital on saccharin and citric acid intake in fluid deprived rats.

Rats were adapted to a 23 hr fluid deprivation schedule. Every third day animals were offered either 0.125 percent Na saccharin or 0.2 percent citric acid solutions in place of water during the 1 hr drinking session. Sodium phenobarbital was administered subcutaneously, 40 mg/kg, 15 min prior to drinking. Results indicate that the drug increases saccharin and citric acid consumption following the injections. No decreases in intakes of saccharin and citric acid occurred on subsequent postdrug days and the amounts of fluid consumed on these days were comparable to the baseline predrug days intakes.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Effects of angiotensin on drinking.

A series of four experiments was carried out to assess the effects of angiotensin II on drinking elicited by various types of stimulation. Experimental I examined the effects of the interaction of 2 cc/kg of 5% NaCl plus 0.2 mg/kg angiotensin II on ad lib eating and drinking. Results indicate that NaCl plus angiotensin produced an additive enhancement in water consumption. Experiment 2 was conducted to investigate the effects of 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, and 1.6 mg/kg of angiotensin II on drinking and eating in 23 hr water deprived animals. Dose related increases in drinking alone were observed. In Experiment 3 the effects of 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, and 1.6 mg/kg of angiotensin II on schedule dependent lever pressing and schedule induced drinking and licking were determined. Results demonstrate that angiotensin II decreased lever pressing and increased schedule induced water consumption without a concomitant increase in licking. Experimental 4 examined the effects of the same doses of angiotensin II on prandal drinking in food deprived animals. Under these conditions angiotensin II increased water consumption. Results were discussed in terms of the differential effects of angiotensin II on drinking, eating, and schedule dependent lever pressing.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1975

Effects of essential amino acids on central neurons.

Effects of eleven essential amino acids ejected by means of electrophoresis through five barrel glass microelectrodes on the frequency of extracellularly recorded action potentials of brain cells were determined. Data were collected on 129 cells from four different parts of the brains of 22 female hooded rats anesthetized with a mixture of chloralose and urethan. Eleven cells were tested in the cerebral cortex, 57 in the thalamus, 33 in the zona incerta, and 28 in the lateral hypothalamus. Of the eleven amino acids tested, cells of the zona incerta and lateral hypothalamus appear to be the most responsive and increases in discharge frequency were observed for all the amino acids except lysine and cystine. Cystine seems to be unusual in that it is the only amino acid tested which produces a decrease in the spontaneous discharge frequency. Cells of the cerebral cortex were not considered responsive in terms of the criteria of this study and displayed relatively high thresholds to all the essential amino acids. These results indicate some differential sensitivity of certain cells of the brain to essential amino acids which might be related to the centrally mediated anorexia which develops when rats are fed disproportionate amounts of these same amino acids in the diet.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1973

Basic drives.

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Animals↗