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Biomedical subjects

M J Wayner

Publications and source records attributed to M J Wayner.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

The taste aversion induction properties of two long duration barbiturates.

The ability of sodium phenobarbital (60 mg/kg) and sodium barbital (80 mg/kg) to produce a taste aversion in 23 hr fluid deprived rats was examined using a discrimination or two bottle taste aversion task (0.125% sodium saccharin solution or water). The interaction of both barbiturates with the effects of 3.0 mEq/kg lithium chloride (LiCl) was also examined. Results indicate that phenobarbital treatment alone produces a stronger saccharin aversion than does barbital. Also, barbiturate treatment 24 hr after LICi administration does not attenuate saccharin avoidance, although phenobarbital treatment following LiCl administration was sufficient to induce a maximum aversion that did not extinguish after twenty days of continuous discrimination testing. These data suggest that the aversion inducing properties of the two barbiturates are dissimilar and that phenobarbital is the more effective agent in the production of saccharin aversion. In addition, barbiturate induced attenuation of conditioned taste aversion is apparently related to the periodic forced intake test model since it does not occur when a water and saccharin choice is available.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

The effects of various barbiturates on LiCl induced taste aversion.

The effects of various barbiturates on LiCl induced taste aversion were examined. Rats were adapted to a 23 hr and 50 min water deprivation schedule. On the Treatment Day, animals were offered a novel 0.125% saccharin solution and then administered 3.0 mEq/kg LiCl. The saccharin solution was presented again on three subsequent Test Days. Fifteen minutes prior to drinking on the first Test Day animals were injected subcutaneously with either 10, 30, and 50 mg/kg Amobarbital, 3, 9, and 15 mg/kg Pentobarbital, 40, 80, and 120 mg/kg Barbital, or 1, 3, and 9 mg/kg Hexobarbital. Results indicate that only 30 mg/kg of Amobarbital and 15 mg/kg of Pentobarbital significantly attenuated the magnitude of taste aversion.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Naloxone antagonism of electrical stimulation induced tail erection in mice.

Tail erection was induced by focal electrical stimulation of the mesencephalic central gray through chronically implanted electrodes in mice. The response was current intensity dependent. Pretreatment with naloxone (5 mg/kg IP), a specific narcotic antagonist, abolished tail erection produced by low electrical current. In contrast, the tail response elicited by higher current was only partially blocked by naloxone. The results suggest that electrical stimulation induces tail erection by releasing an endogenous opioid peptide from the mesencephalic central gray.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Effects of methylphenidate on schedule dependent and schedule induced behavior.

The effects of methylphenidate, 1.5, 3.0, 6.0 and 12.0 mg/kg, on lever pressing, schedule induced licking, and drinking were studied. The generator schedule was a fixed interval 1 min food reinforcement schedule. The effects were assessed when animals were reduced to 80% body weight by partial food deprivation and when allowed to recover body weight under conditions of ad lib eating. Results indicate that under body weight conditions methylphenidate significantly decreases schedule induced licking and drinking but does not affect lever pressing.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Effects of caffeine on FT-1 min schedule induced drinking at different body weights.

The effects of caffeine (3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25.0, 50.0, and 100.0 mg/kg) on lever pressing, schedule induced licking, and water consumption induced by a fixed time 1 min schedule of food reinforcement were studied. Changes in these dependent variables were assessed when animals were reduced to 80% of their initial body weight by partial food deprivation and when body weight recovered after the animals were returned to conditions of ad lib feeding. Results indicate similar decreases in licking and drinking at the highest doses of caffeine under both feeding and body weight conditions. The results were compared to previous research which evaluated the effects of caffeine on adjunctive behavior.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Effects of phenobarbital on taste aversion induced by X-radiation.

The effects of phenobarbital on taste aversion induced by X-radiation were examined. Rats were adapted to a 23 hr 50 min water deprivation schedule. On the Treatment Day animals were given a novel 0.125% Na saccharin solution during the 10 min drinking session and were then exposed to 100 rads of X-radiation. The saccharin solution was presented again on six subsequent Test Days. Phenobarbital in doses of 20, 40, 60 and 80 mg/kg was administered 15 min prior to drinking on the first Test Day. Results demonstrate that phenobarbital in all doses tested has a significant attenuating effect on radiation induced taste aversion.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Comparison of neurobehavioral effects induced by various experimental models of ataxia in the rat.

The purpose of the present study was to design a standard battery of tests capable of quantitatively characterizing ataxia and concomitant neurological signs in the rat. In addition to a systematic analysis of the walking gait of animals, tests for activity, catalepsy, rigidity and various reflexive responses were included in the battery. The standardization of the test system was performed by determining and comparing neurobehavioral effects produced by 3-acetyl pyridine, acrylamide, pyrithiamine and thiamine deficiency, four experimental treatments reported to induce ataxia in animals. Results indicate that profiles of neurobehavioral disturbances accompanying ataxia in animals varied distinctively with each experimental treatment.

Acrylamide↗