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Biomedical subjects

M J Ruckenstein

Publications and source records attributed to M J Ruckenstein.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Hearing loss. A plan for individualized management.

Because some cases of hearing loss demand urgent attention, an approach to patients with hearing loss should be adopted in the primary care setting that allows for systematic institution of an individualized and appropriate treatment plan. Workup is enhanced by categorizing the hearing loss as acute or chronic and conductive or sensorineural. The Rinne and Weber tuning fork tests are the most important tools in distinguishing between conductive and sensorineural hearing loss. The patient history and otologic examination also provide diagnostic clues. Treatment depends on the cause and the type of hearing loss.

Hearing Loss↗
PubMed1995

A practical approach to dizziness. Questions to bring vertigo and other causes into focus.

Evaluation of a patient presenting with dizziness begins with and largely depends on the patient's history. The diagnosis often can be accurately determined in a primary care setting when a stepwise algorithmic approach is used. The first step is getting a detailed account of precisely what the patient means by "dizziness." This helps determine whether the cause is vertigo or another condition, such as orthostatic hypotension. Establishing whether the vertigo is central or peripheral in origin and, if peripheral, how long episodes last further focuses the investigation. Certain clues on physical examination and appropriate use of diagnostic tests help support the diagnosis. Referral should be contemplated when significant central disease is suspected and when vertigo of peripheral origin is persistent or atypical.

Dizziness↗
PubMed1991

Motion sickness. Helping patients tolerate the ups and downs.

The sensory conflict theory provides a useful framework for understanding motion sickness. Few modifications of this model have been proposed since its publication. The weak link in the study of motion sickness has been the failure to delineate the anatomic structures that correspond to the model's components. Effective pharmacotherapy is available for treatment of motion sickness. The choice should be based on the need to provide prophylaxis for or treatment of symptoms and on the side effect profile of the drug.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1991

Autoimmune inner ear disease: a review of basic mechanisms and clinical correlates.

Otolaryngologists have long sought to identify causes of sensorineural hearing loss that might be reversed by medical treatment. One such entity has become known as autoimmune inner ear disease. The potential improvement in auditory function in these patients subsequent to immunosuppressive therapy has created a desire in clinicians to better understand this disease. This paper begins by reviewing the basic concepts of autoimmunity. The experimental and clinical data concerning autoimmune inner ear disease are then described and analyzed. Finally, conclusions are drawn concerning our current state of understanding of this disease process.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

The management of otolaryngological problems in the mucopolysaccharidoses: a retrospective review.

The mucopolysaccharidoses are rare, genetically transmitted metabolic disorders that affect children early in life. These potentially life-threatening diseases almost invariably involve the auditory apparatus and the upper respiratory tract. Thus, the otolaryngologist is frequently involved in the care of these patients. This paper presents a 10-year retrospective review of the management of these patients at the Hospital for Sick Children. Data concerning auditory and upper respiratory pathology are presented. Results indicate that persistent serous otitis, sensorineural hearing loss, and upper respiratory obstruction leading to sleep apnea, are frequent findings in these patients. Specific recommendations are made with regard to appropriate otolaryngologic intervention in children affected with these diseases.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed1989

Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia: a case report and literature review.

Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia is a rare, benign vascular tumor affecting principally the head and neck region of young adult females. Microscopic analysis reveals hyperplastic blood vessels lined by a hypertrophic endothelium. An inflammatory infiltrate rich in eosinophils is also present. Etiology of the lesion is unknown. Various treatment modalities have been described. We describe a case successfully treated by extensive excision and reconstruction.

Adult↗