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Biomedical subjects

M J Pitt

Publications and source records attributed to M J Pitt.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Herniation pit of the femoral neck.

A round to oval radiolucency surrounded by a thin zone of sclerosis is often identified in the proximal superior quadrant of adult femoral necks. Although usually recognized as incidental and benign, these radiolucencies may be of clinical concern in patients with hip symptoms. The true nature and genesis of these radiolucencies have not been explained. This article relates these radiolucencies to common acquired degenerative changes developing on the surface of the femoral neck in adults (the reaction area) and shows that the radiolucency represents a subcortical pit or cavity formed by herniation of soft tissue contents through defects in the surface of the reaction area. The formation of this pit and its relation to the commonly seen femoral neck radiolucency has not been previously described. The name "herniation pit" is suggested for these lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

1 alpha, 25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 a metabolite of vitamin D that promotes bone repair.

1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, the hormonal form of vitamin D3 that mediates calcium translocation in intestine and bone, was tested for its ability to promote fracture repair. Chicks were raised on a vitamin D-deficient diet supplemented with 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 for 3 weeks. Following fracture of the humerus, those chicks that did not receive continued 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 supplementation showed prolonged fracture healing, abnormal enchondral bone formation delayed remodeling of woven bone and osseous union, but normal formation of callus. Fracture repair in chicks receiving 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 was normal. These data indicate that 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 promotes bone repair in the absence of vitamin D3, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Shotgun diagnosis: "it ought to be something else".

The problems encountered by the surgeon, the radiologist, and the pathologist in the interpretation of radiopaque fragments within tissue are illustrated by a case report. Deformation, particularly flattening, of round pellets should be recognized as a gross radiographic pitfall. The potential and actual external and internal tissue damage resulting from a close-range shotgun blast are also discussed. Careful study of the radiographs, examination of the weapon and ammunition, and the information obtained from good investigation by trained law-enforcement officers should prevent possible misinterpretation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Rachitic and osteomalacic syndromes.

Today, the radiologist must not only be familiar with the radiologic features of rickets and osteomalacia, but should also have some understanding of the newer metabolic concepts. This article highlights advances in vitamin D metabolism, discusses the structural pathology of rickets and osteomalacia, correlates these changes with the radiographic appearance of these syndromes, and suggests a practical radiologic approach to them.

Calcitriol↗
PubMed1980

Calcified rims: characteristics but uncommon radiologic finding in pseudomyxoma peritonei.

Curvilinear calcifications on abdominal radiographs are described in a patient with pseudomyxoma peritonei, and the literature on the radiographic findings in this disease is reviewed. This sign is infrequent but characteristic. Other radiographic features of the case are also presented, as well as ultrasound and gallium scans. The latter have not been reported previously in pseudomyxoma peritonei and showed the uncommon finding of "cold" lesions.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1980

Comparison of bone scintigraphy and radiography in multiple myeloma.

Radionuclide images and skeletal radiographs of 51 patients with multiple myeloma were compared to assess the sensitivity of scintigraphy in detecting radiographically evident disease. Comparable studies were available for 562 sites. The radionuclide image was relatively insensitive in detecting myeloma; it failed to show radiographically evident disease or underestimated its extent at 27% of the sites. On a limited number of serial images there were 7 sites at which a scintigraphic abnormality preceded the radiographic abnormality. No definite correlation was found between scintigraphic findings and hematologic parameters of myeloma activity. Although the radionuclide image may demonstrate a few sites of myeloma before the radiograph, radiography remains the primary method of evaluating skeletal involvement by myeloma.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Thoracic kyphosis: range in normal subjects.

Thoracic kyphosis was measured on chest radiographs of 316 "normal" subjects by means of a modification of the Cobb technique for measuring scoliosis. Patients were accepted as "normal" if they had no thoracic or spinal complaints or radiographic abnormalities in the chest including the thoracic spine. A total of 159 males and 157 female subjects 2-77 years old was studied. The relation among age, gender, and kyphosis were determined using least squares fits of first-order linear mathematical models. These results were also used to determine the expected ranges of kyphosis for a "normal" patient of a given age and gender. The degree of kyphosis increased with age and the rate of increase was higher in females than in males. Clinical explanations for this differential increase are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Physiological importance of vitamin D metabolism.

1,25(OH)2D3 and 24,25(OH)2D3 are biosynthesized from 25(OH)D3 in kidney. A cytosol receptor for 1,25(OH)2D3, but not 24,25(OH)2D3, is detected in kidney as well as bone and gut. The function of 1,25(OH)2D3 in kidney is probably to enhance calcium-binding protein and mineral reabsorption and to induce vitamin D-24-OHase enzyme. Receptors for 1,25(OH)2D3 are present also in endocrine sites such as parathyroid, pancreas, pituitary, and placenta, possibly to mediate central control of mineral homeostasis. Finally, 1,25(OH)2D3 elicits normal bone mineralization and fracture healing, contrary to other reports that 24,25(OH)2D3 is uniquely required for such physiologic vitamin D actions.

24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3↗
PubMed1977

Thermographic, radionuclide, and radiographic detection of bone metastases.

The sensitivity of thermography to osseous metastases is compared to 99mTc bone scanning using the specificity of radiographic skeletal survey as proof of metastases. Thirty-five patients with suspected disease were selected for study. Bone scans detected 94.4% while thermograms detected 22.2%. Thermography proved quite insensitive to osseous metastases. Radionuclide bone scanning is the method of choice for the present.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1975

Technetium-99m-diphosphonate accumulation in amyloid.

A well-documented case of multiple myeloma complicated by histologically demonstrable amyloidosis is presented. Technetium-99m-diphosphonate in the areas of amyloid deposition about the shoulders and hips is shown. This adds another dimension to the extraosseous sites without demonstrable calcification where accumulation of bone-seeking radiopharmaceutical can be observed. In patients where symmetrical uptake of such agents is noted in the periarticular soft tissue, particularly of the hips and shoulders, amyloidosis must become a diagnostic consideration. This is particularly true in patients presenting with undiagnosed arthralgia.

Amyloidosis↗