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Biomedical subjects

M J Klein

Publications and source records attributed to M J Klein.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Effects of single oral doses of clobazam, diazepam and lorazepam on performance tasks and memory.

The effects on memory and psychomotor performance and the subjective effects of three anxiolytic benzodiazepines (lorazepam 2 mg, diazepam 10 mg and clobazam 20 mg p.o.) have been evaluated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study in 10 healthy volunteers. At each session, measurements were made prior to and +3.5 h after drug administration, except in the case of REY's test, which was presented at H + 1 h (learning) and was evaluated at H + 8 h and at H + 24 h (delayed recall). Single clinical doses of diazepam and lorazepam caused anterograde amnesia by disturbing acquisition, consolidation and retrieval. Clobazam did not impair memory. Lorazepam impaired performances in all the tests used to evaluate perception, immediate memory, reaction time, psychomotor skill and intellectual capacity. Diazepam caused a decrease in cortical arousal and the speed of perception of visual stimuli, whereas clobazam increased reaction time and reduced cortical arousal. Lorazepam caused a significant degradation of performance relative to the other two treatments.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Late effects of poliomyelitis.

Muscular atrophy and decreased functional abilities are recognized as late complications of poliomyelitis. This study sought to more clearly define late-onset, postpolio muscular weakness--age of onset, symptoms, and severity--and to determine whether people might benefit from environmental modification, respiratory aids, and orthoses. A total of 183 postpolio patients were examined by a physician and completed a questionnaire on their ambulatory status and related musculoskeletal and respiratory symptoms. Of those participating in the study, 154 claimed to be experiencing late deterioration in strength. The syndrome included decreased endurance, more limited ambulation, and increased weakness in the previously affected limb/s. For those describing late-onset weakness, average ages were determined for the onset of polio (8.3 years), the onset of postpolio muscular weakness (42.3 years), and the latent period of stable functioning (34.8 years). Patients claimed to have experienced a new, lower level of strength for an average of 4.7 years. All 33 patients who had undergone muscle transfer surgery were experiencing late-onset weakness in that extremity. Fasciculations (51%) and long-bone fractures secondary to falls (21%) were common sleep disturbances occurred frequently (31%) even in those without prior bulbar involvement. Upper motor neuron signs were present in only one case. Bracing was rare (16%) and the braces used were usually old. The subjects did not report a steadily or rapidly progressive decline, but rather described a steplike decrement with long plateaus. The population described losses in strength that had significant bearing on functional status and general health.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Symptomatic vertebral hemangiomas: a report of four cases.

Neural compression complicating vertebral hemangioma is associated with: compression fracture, hematoma, epidural extension of tumor, and/or bony expansion or "ballooning." Four cases of symptomatic vertebral hemangioma are presented. Discussion includes imaging modalities, preoperative embolization, and surgical approach.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Clear cell sarcoma of the tendinous portion of the quadriceps muscle at the knee joint managed by limb-sparing surgery.

A case report of clear cell sarcoma of the tendinous portion of the quadriceps in the knee joint of a 33-year-old female is presented. This insidious, usually painless malignant tumor is often misdiagnosed and may be referred to the sports medicine specialist as a sport-related injury. The duration of symptoms and the size of the lesion are important prognostic factors. Wide excision or radical surgery is necessary to cure such tumors. With improved reconstructive techniques, including free vascularized myocutaneous flaps, limb-sparing surgery is now possible.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Lysozyme and alpha 1-antitrypsin in giant-cell tumor of bone and in other lesions that contain giant cells.

We performed an immunohistochemical study of 24 giant-cell tumors of bone and 30 other lesions (fibrous histiocytoma, nonossifying fibroma, and giant-cell tumor of the tendon sheath) using lysozyme and alpha 1-antitrypsin as markers for histiocytic cells. The presence of histiocytic cells in giant-cell tumors of bone is confirmed by the finding of a positive reaction for alpha 1-antitrypsin in both multinucleate giant cells and mononuclear stromal cells in some cases. It is not clear whether the positive cells are to be regarded as neoplastic or reactive and alpha 1-antitrypsin is not considered as a diagnostically useful marker for giant-cell tumor of bone. In malignant fibrous histiocytoma, too, histiocytic cells could be identified by their positive reaction for alpha 1-antitrypsin; some of these cells had the morphologic features of tumor cells. Cells with a positive reaction for lysozyme were rarely found, except in giant-cell tumors of the tendon sheath.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Immunocytochemical evidence for intragranular processing of pro-opiomelanocortin in the melanotropic cells of the rabbit.

The immunogold technique, employing antisera with clear-cut specificities, was used to localise different processing stages of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) in rabbit melanotropic cells. While the antiserum against gamma 3-MSH labelled all the secretory granules including intrasaccular condensations in the Golgi apparatus, antisera against alpha-MSH only labelled extra-Golgi secretory vesicles (SV). All extra-Golgi SV were likewise labelled with the three antisera against alpha-MSH used, despite their different specificities for the deacetylated, N-acetylated or C-amidated forms of the peptide. The antibody against beta-endorphin also labelled the extra-Golgi SV, while only some SV were labelled with the antibody against gamma-endorphin. These results correlate with biochemical data in favour of mainly--if not exclusively--intragranular processing of POMC. Except for gamma 3-MSH, the cleavage of which could coincide with Golgi packaging of secretory material, other post-translational modifications of the precursor seem to occur when SV are discharged outside the Golgi area. The cleavage of gamma-endorphin appears to be a later step in POMC processing, occurring in some mature SV.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The carboxyl fragment released by bacterial collagenase from human type I procollagen: antibodies to the propeptide determinants.

A protocol is offered for the isolation of the carboxyterminal propeptides of human type I procollagen and the development of an antibody specific for these propeptides. Type I procollagen was harvested from the media of cultured human fibroblasts. Digestion with bacterial collagenase released a carboxyterminal fragment that was isolated by ion-exchange chromatography. The fragment contained telopeptides joined to propeptides and could be cleaved by a carboxyl procollagen peptidase. Rabbit antibodies raised to the collagenase-generated fragment were sequentially adsorbed on affinity columns of the reference antigen and human type I collagen. The antibody obtained was shown by sensitive radioimmunoassays to recognize conformational carboxyl propeptide determinants and not to react with triple helical and telopeptide determinants of human type I collagen. Indirect immunofluorescence and indirect immunoperoxidase staining of cultured fibroblasts localized the antigen in the cytoplasm, at the cell surface, and in the extracellular matrix. A radioimmunoassay with the same antibody has reported altered concentrations of the antigen in the sera of patients with diseases affecting collagen metabolism (Taubman, et al., 1976; Savolainen et al., 1984; Carey et al., 1985).

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Giant cell tumor of the proximal radius.

Giant cell tumor of bones are usually located in the long tubular bones and rarely located in the proximal end of the radius. This is a case report of a giant cell tumor in the proximal radius in a 35-year-old woman treated successfully with curettage and bank bone graft.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Behavior modification of abnormal gait and chronic pain secondary to somatization disorder.

An interdisciplinary team, which included a physiatrist, psychologist, physical therapist, occupational therapist, social worker, and nursing staff, undertook the treatment of a 33-year-old woman with a 16-year history of gait problems and multiple somatic complaints. Previously, she had been followed by a number of physicians and had undergone both invasive and noninvasive diagnostic procedures as well as several surgical procedures. After limited response to such treatment, she was referred to the outpatient PM&R clinic for evaluation. Physical and psychologic study led to a primary diagnosis of somatization disorder, leading to inpatient treatment which combined a systematic gait-training program, withdrawal of reinforcement for maladaptive disability-related behavior, and reinforcement of increases in normal activities. The patient attained all of the goals in her program in 11 weeks.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1984

Longitudinal study of persistent generalised lymphadenopathy in homosexual men: relation to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

42 homosexual or bisexual men with persistent generalised lymphadenopathy not attributable to an identifiable cause have been followed longitudinally since February, 1981. Lymphadenopathy was accompanied by fatigue, low-grade fever and/or night sweats (57%), splenomegaly (29%), leucopenia (40%), hypergamma - globulinaemia (76%), and diminished proportion and absolute numbers of helper T cells (95%). Of the 26 patients who had lymph node biopsy, all showed benign reactive hyperplasia. After 15-30 (median 22) months, 8 patients have met criteria for the diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). This outcome was associated with previous heavy nitrite inhalant use, with the presence of night sweats, with leucopenia, and with the triad of constitutional symptoms, splenomegaly, and leucopenia. In addition, a lower mean absolute helper T cell count and an increased frequency of anergy to mumps intradermal antigen and of herpes simplex virus isolation distinguished these patients from those remaining in the cohort, who seem to be stable and in some cases to have improved.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗