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Biomedical subjects

M J Henry

Publications and source records attributed to M J Henry.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Linkage analysis and physical mapping near the gene for X-linked agammaglobulinemia at Xq22.

The gene for X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) has been mapped to Xq22. No recombinations have been reported between the gene and the probe p212 at DXS178; however, this probe is informative in only 30-40% of women and the reported flanking markers, DXS3 and DXS94, are 10-15 cM apart. To identify additional probes that might be useful in genetic counseling, we examined 11 polymorphisms that have been mapped to the Xq21.3-q22 region in 13 families with XLA. In addition, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs) were used to further characterize the segment of DNA within which the gene for XLA must lie. The results demonstrated that DXS366 and DXS442, which share a 430-kb pulsed-field fragment, could replace DXS3 as proximal flanking markers. Probes at DXS178 and DXS265 identified the same 145-kb pulsed-field fragment, and both loci were contained within a 200-kb YAC identified with the probe p212. A highly polymorphic CA repeat (DXS178CA) was isolated from one end of this YAC and used in linkage analysis. Probes at DXS101 and DXS328 shared several pulsed-field fragments, the smallest of which was 250 kb. No recombinations were seen between XLA and the DXS178-DXS265-DXS178CA complex, DXS101, DXS328, DXS87, or the gene for proteolipid protein (PLP). Key crossovers, when combined with the linkage data from families with Alport syndrome, suggested the following order of loci: cen-DXS3-DXS366-DXS442-(PLP, DXS101, DXS328, DXS178-DXS265-DXS178CA complex, XLA)-(DXS87, DXS94)-DXS327-(DXS350, DXS362)-tel.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Agammaglobulinemia↗
PubMed1991

Cytologic assessment of tumor cell kinetics: applications of monoclonal antibody Ki-67 to fine-needle aspiration smears.

Rates of tumor-cell proliferation often provide prognostic information about a given neoplasm. Previously available methods for accessing cell kinetics are time consuming and expensive, and often require special equipment or radioactive reagents. Monoclonal antibody Ki-67 binds a nuclear antigen expressed in proliferating but not in resting cells. We studied Ki-67 immunostaining of fine-needle aspiration smears from 40 benign and malignant masses. Labeling indices ranged from 0 (thyroid follicular adenoma) to 75 percent (pulmonary oat-cell carcinoma). Frozen section immunostaining (11 cases) and flow cytometric assessment of cell proliferation (8 cases) were in good agreement with Ki-67 labeling indices on smear material. We suggest that this method provides a rapid, inexpensive, and dependable means of assessing tumor-cell kinetics in cytologic preparations.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

Association of human immunodeficiency virus-induced immunosuppression with human papillomavirus infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

Human papillomavirus infection plays an important causal role in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and carcinoma. The rate of infection with human papillomavirus as well as the incidence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and carcinoma are increased in immunosuppressed patients. We report a possible association between infection with human immunodeficiency virus and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia with human papillomavirus infection.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

Comparative effects of the azole-based fungicide flusilazole on yeast and mammalian lanosterol 14 alpha-methyl demethylase.

Flusilazole inhibits the 14 alpha-demethylation of [24,25-3H-2]dihydrolanosterol by yeast and rat liver cell-free preparations. The 50% inhibitory concentration of demethylation shows that the yeast system is 100 times more sensitive than the rat system. Purified rat liver P-45014DM is about 10 times more sensitive to flusilazole than crude rat liver microsomes. Binding constants in microsomes indicate that yeast preparations (Kd, 21 nM) bind flusilazole with a higher affinity than rat liver (Kd, 496 nM). Purified rat liver P-45014DM (Kd, 45 nM) binds flusilazole with an affinity similar to that of the yeast enzyme. The P-450-dependent cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase in rat liver microsomes is more sensitive to flusilazole than P-45014DM. The results indicate that selectivity of azole antimycotics is not due to inherent sensitivity differences between fungal and mammalian 14 alpha-demethylase; rather, in crude enzyme systems, a protective effect is afforded by other susceptible isozymes present in mammalian systems.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Foamy alveolar casts: diagnostic specificity for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytology.

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is a major infectious complication of immunodeficiency states, including the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is a safe and effective procedure for making this diagnosis. In addition to the characteristic organisms, both histologic and cytologic material often reveals exudate in the form of foamy alveolar casts (FACs). To test the diagnostic utility of FACs in BAL fluids, we compared 20 PCP-positive and 28 PCP-negative fluids as assessed by silver stains. All PCP-positive fluids contained FACs on Papanicolaou-stained material. Only one PCP-negative lavage contained FACs, and transbronchial biopsy in this case revealed PCP. We suggest that FACs in BAL fluids are highly sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of PCP.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1988

The significance of leukemia and lymphoma cells in cerebrospinal fluid contaminated by blood containing malignant cells: a probabilistic approach based on the Poisson frequency distribution.

The significance of malignant cells in a body fluid is often difficult to determine if that fluid is contaminated by blood containing malignant cells. This problem is most often seen in examination of CSF from patients with lymphoma or leukemia. We suggest a statistical model of this problem in which the numbers of malignant cells in the blood and the fluid specimen are related to the number of red blood cells. Using the Poisson distribution, the probability of finding the observed number of malignant cells in the fluid is calculated and used as the basis for suggesting whether these cells are likely to represent contamination effect or true involvement of the fluid by the malignancy. The limitations and applicability of this process are discussed.

Blood Cells↗
PubMed1988

Basal-cell adenoma of the salivary gland: a benign adenoma that cytologically mimics adenoid cystic carcinoma.

We describe the fine-needle aspiration cytology of two cases of basal-cell adenoma (BCA) of the parotid gland. Both consisted of groups of small uniform cells with scant cytoplasm and occasional single cells. Small amounts of metachromatic stroma were present in smears from one case. The cytologic and histologic similarities between (BCA) and the solid type of adenoid cystic carcinoma are emphasized. Unequivocal distinction between these two entities may not be possible by cytologic criteria alone.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1987

Cytostructural localization of peanut lectin binding in fine-needle aspirates of benign and malignant breast lesions.

Numerous studies have employed lectin binding patterns to investigate alterations in cell surface polysaccharide expression associated with malignant transformation. Cytostructural relocalization of peanut lectin (Arachis hypogaea) binding sites from the cell surface to the cytoplasm has been described in breast carcinomas. To investigate the possible utility of peanut lectin binding patterns in the diagnosis of breast fine-needle aspirations, the PNA immunoperoxidase method was applied to smears from a group of 15 benign and malignant breast lesions. Cytostructural relocalization of PNA binding was seen in both benign and malignant breast lesions, indicating that it is of little diagnostic utility in the assessment of malignancy. This finding was noted in both cytologic and histologic preparations.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed1979

Effects of miconazole and dodecylimidazole on sterol biosynthesis in Ustilago maydis.

Miconazole at minimal fungitoxic concentrations inhibits ergosterol biosynthesis in sporidia of Ustilago maydis by interference with sterol C14 demethylation. The action is analogous to that of the fungicides triarimol and fenarimol. The fungicide 1-dodecylimidazole at low concentrations (0.1 to 0.25 mug/ml) inhibits sterol C14 demethylation; however, at higher concentrations (1.0 mug/ml or greater) it also inhibits 2,3-oxidosqualene cyclization and subsequent transmethylation. It is postulated that this diversity of effects of 1-dodecylimidazole results from binding of the inhibitor to sterol carrier protein(s).

Basidiomycota↗
PubMed1976

Experiments in the measurement of intrauterine pressure.

A series of experiments investigating the quality of the signals obtained from intrauterine catheters was conducted in the labour rooms and laboratories. Clear evidence of signal attenuation due to partial blockage of catheters was obtained. Some methods which might help to overcome these problems are discribed.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1976

Investigation of some problems associated with the Cardiff infusion pump.

Since there is some concern about the use of the Cardiff infusion pump in the automatic mode, experiments were devised to simulate some possible problems. The possibility of misleading information allowing overstimulation to occur was demonstrated. Even when the input signal was accurate there could, at least theoretically, be excessive stimulation. Some suggestions about future design and ways of correcting the problems are discussed.

Catheterization↗