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Biomedical subjects

M J Fratkin

Publications and source records attributed to M J Fratkin.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Effect of bronchoscopy on localization of gallium-67 citrate.

Bronchoscopy, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and 67Ga lung scans are frequently performed for diagnosis or follow-up of patients with sarcoidosis, interstitial pneumonitis, lymphoma, infections, and bronchogenic carcinoma. Because many patients undergo all 3 of these procedures, it is important to determine what effects bronchoscopy and/or BAL may have on gallium imaging. Because 67Ga accumulates in neutrophils at the site of an inflammatory lesion as well as in those circulating in the vascular compartment, it seems reasonable to postulate that bronchoscopy could cause migration of labeled neutrophils into the lung, resulting in false positive gallium scans. To test this hypothesis, we studied 5 patients with varying chronologic relationships of 67Ga injection, gallium scanning, and bronchoscopy with BAL. In all patients, the repeat 67Ga lung scans remained normal or showed no change after bronchoscopy and BAL. We conclude that bronchoscopy with or without BAL does not cause increased 67Ga uptake by the lung.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Relative decreased splenic uptake of Tc-99m-sulfur colloid in patients with pancreatic carcinoma.

Relative spleen/liver activity ratio was determined from posterior projection images using a photodensitometric method. Ratios from scans of 22 patients with proven pancreatic carcinoma (12 from rectilinear scans and 10 from scintillation camera images) were determined and compared to studies from patients documented as normal and to randomly selected liver/spleen imaging studies which had been previously interpreted as normal. The mean ratio from the pancreatic carcinoma group was significantly lower than the means of the respective normal groups (p[t] less than .0001 for rectilinear scans and p[t] less than .001 for scintigrams). There was no significant difference between the means of the proven normal and randomly selected normal groups or between the two pancreatic carcinoma groups. Splenic vascular alteration is discussed as a possible reason for decreased splenic distribution of Tc-99m-sulfur colloid in this patient group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Computerized scintigraphic technique for the evaluation of adult respiratory distress syndrome: initial clinical trials.

Eleven patients with suspected adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and five control patients were studied using a computerized gamma imaging and analysis technique and 99mTc-labeled human serum albumin. The heart and right lung were imaged, lung:heart ratio was plotted vs. time, and a linear regression was fitted to the data points displayed. The slope of this fit was termed the "slope index." An index value of 2 standard deviations greater than the control mean was considered positive. Radiographs from the six positive studies revealed typical diffuse air-space disease. Radiographs from two of the five negative studies demonstrated air-space consolidation. Both of these patients had elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, cardiomegaly, and clinical course consistent with cardiogenic pulmonary edema. These preliminary data demonstrated a good correlation between positive slope index and clinical ARDS.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Organ culture of craniopharyngioma and its cellular effects induced by colloidal chromic phosphate.

Since a marked clinical improvement has been reported following chromic phosphate treatment in recurrent craniopharyngioma, we have attempted to study the in vitro cellular changes of two craniopharyngiomas maintained in organ culture system and subsequently treated with colloidal chronic phosphate. When incubated for 24 and 48 hours respectively, at a concentration of 10 muCi/ml. of colloidal 32P, only vacuolar degeneration and hyperchromasia of the tumor cells have been observed. When incubated with 50 muCi/ml. for 24 hours, further cellular degeneration and focal necrosis begin to appear. Up to 48 hours after 50 muCi/ml. obvious necrosis and extensive degeneration become apparent. Autoradiography confirms the fact that radioactive material is absorbed by the tumor cells. Brain tumors when maintained in an organ culture system may serve as a useful model for the evaluation of the effects of various chemotherapeutic and radiotherapeutic agents in vitro.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Blood flow in muscle groups and drug absorption.

Resting human muscle blood flow (MBF) was determined simultaneously in the usual intramuscular injection sites to resolve whether variance in MBF could account for differences in drug absorption. Three pairs of muscles (gluteus maximus, vastus lateralis, and deltoid) were studied in each of 20 adult subjects. Use of dual, matched linear rate meters allowed two muscles to be studied simultaneously, with the order of injection random within an incomplete block design. MBF was calculated from the 133xenon washout rate using a single exponential that the computer found to best fit the data. Deltoid MBF (11.6 ml/100 gm/min plus or minus 0.5) was significantly (p smaller than 0.05) greater than gluteus MBF (9.6 plus or minus 0.5), with vastus or between right and left sides for each muscle. These data indicate that there are consistent differencies in resting MBF among specific muscle groups of sufficient magnitude (19%) to affect the rate of absorption and peak serum levels following intramuscular administration of drugs.

Absorption↗