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Biomedical subjects

M J Craft

Publications and source records attributed to M J Craft.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Interventions related to family.

This group of 9 interventions related to families is a beginning in the work that lies ahead as nurses specify, validate, and test their interventions for the health and well-being of families and family members. It is the hope of the investigators that the reported findings and the discussion in this article will stimulate thought, action, and research as the practice and the science of nursing moves toward a standardized language for nursing diagnoses, interventions and outcomes.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

Impact of adult critical care hospitalization: perceptions of patients, spouses, children, and nurses.

This phenomenologic study describes the effects of adult hospitalization in a critical care setting on the family as perceived by patients, spouses, children in the family, and nurses. Tape-recorded interviews were completed with 12 spouses, 9 patients (2 mothers and 7 fathers), 11 children, and 12 nurses. Responses were analyzed by using systematic thematic content analysis. Themes that emerged with regard to how this event affected the family unit and individuals in the family included (1) lack of communication among family members; (2) protecting children from anxiety-provoking information; (3) overriding threat, exemplified by feelings of vulnerability, uncertainty, intense emotions, and physical illness in children; (4) disruption of normal home routines; (5) changes in relationships; and (6) role conflict. Nurses' perceptions of the impact of this event on parents, spouses, and children demonstrated some incongruences with perceptions of patients and family members. Practice implications from this study include the following nursing actions: (1) eliciting more comprehensive information about relationships among family members and the impact on the family; (2) developing mechanisms to promote communication among family members; (3) making referrals to community resources such as school nurses, counselors, and chaplains; and (4) teaching nurses and parents ways to help children cope with this event.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1990

Siblings as change agents for promoting the functional status of children with cerebral palsy.

This study evaluated the effectiveness of a four-month intervention program in which 31 siblings of 15 children with cerebral palsy were taught about cerebral palsy and what they could do to encourage their brother or sister to be more independent. The teaching was reinforced by home visits to develop individual plans for the children with cerebral palsy, and sibling group meetings were held to discuss progress and to provide support. Following this intervention, the children with cerebral palsy had significantly increased range of motion of the shoulder, elbow and wrist. There were also improvements in ambulation, personal hygiene, dressing and feeding. These findings indicate that siblings should be involved in the plant of care for children with disability, since they can be important teachers, rôle models and agents of change.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1985

Behavior and feeling changes in siblings of hospitalized children.

The effects of hospitalization on ill children and their parents have been studied repeatedly, but effects on well siblings have received little attention. This investigation was designed to investigate sibling reactions when a brother or sister is hospitalized. The changes in feelings and behavior as reported by 123 sibling of hospitalized children and their parents from a large teaching hospital were studied. Young siblings were interviewed, while older siblings and parents were given a questionnaire. Siblings reported an average of four changes each. The number of changes reported by siblings was related significantly to several factors, such as sibling age, relationship of sibling with hospitalized child, explanation, fear of getting the illness, residence of sibling during hospitalization of the sick child, and perceived changes in parenting. Even though siblings reported 519 changes, their patents reported only one-half that number. Parents of hospitalized children may not know how their well children are reacting. For this reason, health professionals need to interview siblings as well as parents to assess sibling welfare accurately. In addition, health professionals can help siblings by insuring that an adequate explanation is given to siblings and by encouraging parents to maintain siblings at home, either with a sitter or family members.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Classification of nursing interventions for care of the integument.

The Classification of Nursing Interventions research team at The University of Iowa, College of Nursing is building a taxonomy of nursing interventions that will include all of the direct care treatment activities that nurses perform on behalf of patients. This report describes the study in which 12 nursing interventions and their associated activities for care of the integument were extracted from a large database and validated through a two-round Delphi survey. Using an adaptation of Fehring's model for determining diagnostic content validity of nursing diagnoses, a definition, critical activities, and supporting activities were developed for each of the following interventions: Bathing, Bedrest Care, Hair Care, Nail Care, Oral Health Maintenance, Oral Health Promotion, Oral Health Restoration, Positioning, Pressure Management, Skin Care--Topical Treatments, Skin Surveillance, and Wound Care. Further research is needed to validate supporting activities and to continue classifying interventions and activities that nurses use in treating impaired skin integrity (potential and actual) and altered oral mucous membrane integrity (potential and actual).

Delphi Technique↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Program characteristics influencing nurse selection of CE offerings.

The purpose of this study was to identify program characteristics that influence decision-making in the selection of continuing education (CE) offerings by registered nurses licensed in a state with mandatory CE. A sample of 238 nurses were asked to identify the level of importance for 35 CE program characteristics on a Likert-like scale. The data indicated that all characteristics were of some importance to participants, with high levels of importance given to items demonstrating professional values. The findings suggest that even though CE may be mandatory, nurses still select educational offerings on the basis of quality and contribution to their professional practice.

Decision Making↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Inductive methodology and a research team.

Large teams of researchers using inductive methodologies are relatively rare and present unique challenges to team members. A team from the University of Iowa reports on what it experienced during a project to develop a taxonomy of nursing interventions.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Accurate assessment of infant emesis volume.

When infants vomit, hospital nurses sometimes record these volumes in ccs. Fluid replacement is often based on these estimates. A review of the literature indicates that this subjective assessment is highly problematic.

Humans↗