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Biomedical subjects

M J Allison

Publications and source records attributed to M J Allison.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1967

Etiology of bacteremia.

Blood-culture results for a 15-year period from a large southern hospital were tabulated and analyzed for alterations in the bacterial species associated with bacteremia. From 15,543 cultures, 2,410 positive cultures (15.6%) were obtained. These results were grouped into 5-year periods, and an alteration in the incidence of the agents was demonstrated. In the past 5 years, gram-negative bacilli have replaced gram-positive cocci as the most common agents of bacteremia, and several species not formerly associated with septicemia were found to be involved in a large number of cases. The importance of the clinical laboratory monitoring blood culture results was demonstrated as was the need for constant collaboration between the clinician and microbiologist.

Bacillus↗
PubMed1967

Biosynthesis of phenylalanine from phenylacetate by Chromatium and Rhodospirillum rubrum.

Cultures of Chromatium strain D and Rhodospirillum rubrum incorporated (14)C from phenylacetate-1-(14)C during anaerobic growth. The radioactivity in the protein fraction of cells was mainly in phenylalanine. Phenylalanine from Chromatium cells grown in phenylacetate-1-(14)C was labeled at carbon 2. Incorporation of phenylacetate by Chromatium was decreased in the presence of exogenous phenylalanine, and de novo synthesis of phenylalanine from bicarbonate was less in medium containing either phenylalanine or phenylacetate. These organisms, and also certain anaerobic rumen bacteria, apparently carboxylate phenylacetate to synthesize the phenylalanine carbon skeleton. The mechanism of the carboxylation is unknown; however, it appears to be dependent upon anaerobic conditions, since R. rubrum did not synthesize phenylalanine from phenylacetate during aerobic growth in the dark.

Autoradiography↗
PubMed1966

Importance of the isovalerate carboxylation pathway of leucine biosynthesis in the rumen.

Certain anaerobic ruminal bacteria synthesize the leucine carbon skeleton by use of a pathway different from that described in other microorganisms. These organisms carboxylate the intact carbon skeleton of isovalerate, synthesizing leucine-2-C(14) from isovalerate-1-C(14). Strains of Bacteroides ruminicola and Peptostreptococcus elsdenii were like Ruminococcus flavefaciens in that they incorporated appreciable amounts of C(14) from isovalerate-1-C(14) into cellular protein and in that the only labeled amino acid found was leucine. The specific activity of beta-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase in extracts from R. flavefaciens and from the mixed bacterial population from the rumen was very low as compared with the specific activity of this enzyme in extracts from Escherichia coli. This suggests that the pathway of leucine biosynthesis that operates in many aerobic and facultative microorganisms is not the major pathway in rumen bacteria. This was supported by the finding that after fermentation of whole rumen contents with acetate-2-C(14), leucine from the bacterial cells had a specific activity lower than one would expect if acetate was incorporated directly into carbons 1 and 2 of leucine.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Selection of an instrument to measure the physical activity of elderly people in rural areas.

Physical activity is an important factor in the care of adults 65 years and older who have had a cardiac event. Valid and reliable measurement is critical to nursing assessment, screening, and ongoing evaluation. This article describes the process used to evaluate the quality, including the reliability and validity, of a physical activity instrument for use in a rural population. The sample consisted of 32 adults who had participated in one of four rural cardiac rehabilitation programs. The Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE), which was selected for this study, was found to be reliable. Experts judged the content to be appropriate and valid for older adults living in rural areas. Perceived health was positively related to physical activity (r = 0.31, p = .08). The PASE was found to be marginally valid. Although further investigation of the instrument's construct validity is warranted, the use of such physical activity surveys has potential clinical relevance for the rehabilitation of older adults from diverse geographic and cultural backgrounds.

Activities of Daily Living↗