Biomedical subjects

M Itoh

Publications and source records attributed to M Itoh.

At least 793 records · Page 44Linked to original sources

PubMed1992

[Effect of proton pump inhibitor, in combination with epidermal growth factor, on the healing of chronic gastric ulcer in submandibular gland removed rats].

The effect of a proton pump inhibitor, omeprazole (OPZ), in combination with mouse epidermal growth factor (EGF), on the healing of chronic gastric ulcers induced by acetic acid in submandibular glands removed rats (SMR rat) was investigated. Four separate groups of SMR rats were orally administered 1 ml of distilled water (control), 100 mg/kg of OPZ alone (OPZ), 5 micrograms/kg of mouse EGF alone (EGF), or combination with (EGF + OPZ) twice daily. Two weeks later, ulcer areas of four groups were measured and expressed as the ulcer index (UI). The UI of the OPZ and EGF + OPZ group was significantly reduced as compared with that of the control. Furthermore, the UI of the EGF + OPZ group was significantly smaller than that of the EGF group. The present study indicates that the proton pump inhibitor promotes healing of chronic gastric ulcers in SMR rats and the effect of the proton pump inhibitor is enhanced by administration of mouse EGF.

Acetates↗

PubMed1992

[A study of Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome successfully treated with VP16 and analysis of T cell receptor chain genes of the bone marrow cells].

Virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (VAHS) is a nonneoplastic, generalized histiocytic proliferation disorder with marked hemophagocytosis associated with a systemic viral infection. We describe a female child with EBV-related VAHS, in whom Southern blot analysis showed monoclonal proliferation of bone marrow cells having EBV genome as detected with Xho-1 fragment of latent infection membrane protein (LMP) genome. The EBV serology showed anti-EBNA, anti-VCA-IgG, anti-VCA-IgA elevation and positive EBNA of SRBC-rosette forming bone marrow cells in late period of her clinical course, which indicated primary infection or secondary alteration of EBV immunity. The DNA analysis of the bone marrow cells also demonstrated monoclonal rearrangement of T cell receptor-beta and -gamma chain genes. Thus our study suggests that EBV might infect T cells and the T cells might proliferate monoclonally. Repeated administration of VP16 was capable of inducing remission of the disease, although adrenocortical steroid, vincristine and cyclophosphamide were administrated unsuccessfully. This is the first case of VAHS in which the monoclonal proliferation of EBV-infected T cells was demonstrated.

Bone Marrow↗

PubMed1992

Lymph nodal vital staining with newer carbon particle suspensions compared with India ink: experimental and clinical observations.

CH40 and CH1500AA are newly prepared carbon suspensions which were examined as vital staining dyes for their usefulness in visualizing lymphatics at operation and to blacken lymph nodes. In mice, these carbon suspensions at 0.001 ml/g of body weight and India ink were injected subcutaneously into the footpad of the right hindpaw. Regional lymph nodes were visualized and were examined stereomicroscopically to determine how intensely these nodes blackened with carbon suspensions. Compared with India ink, CH40 and CH1500AA blackened the regional lymph nodes much faster and more vividly (1-8 min. after subcutaneous injection). As analyzed by centrifugal particle size distribution, CH40 and CH1500AA are narrowly distributed with a small particle size (150 and 167 nm, respectively, in mean diameter). By contrast, India ink is comprised of widely distributed and relatively large particles in suspension (mean diameter--254 nm). In 10 patients undergoing radical gastrectomy for treatment of stomach cancer, CH40 blackened 69% of regional lymph nodes with metastases (38 of 55) and 76% of those nodes without metastases (387 of 512).

Animals↗

PubMed1992

[Clinical evaluation of imipenem/cilastatin sodium against infections in compromised children (malignancy, hematological disease, collagen disease)].

Eighteen immuno-compromised children (malignancies, hematological diseases, collagen diseases) with neutropenia and infections were treated with imipenem/cilastatin sodium (IPM/CS), and the efficacy and the safety of the drug were evaluated. 1. Responses to IPM/CS were excellent in 13 patients, good in 1, and fair in 4. None of the patients displayed a poor response to the treatment thus the efficacy rate was 77.8%. 2. Of 5 patients with sepsis, 4 had excellent or good responses. IPM/CS was effective against sepsis caused by Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 3. In patients with severe neutropenia (WBC less than 100/mm3), the efficacy rate was 70%. 4. As for side effects, elevations of GOT and GPT were observed in 1 patient with liver cirrhosis. These results indicate that IPM/CS is safe and effective in immuno-compromised children with neutropenia and infections.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

Enhancement of cytotoxicity in mouse regional lymph nodes by local tissue injection of aclacinomycin A.

The effect of local tissue injection of activated carbon particle adsorbing aclacinomycin A (ACR-CH) on the cytotoxicity in popliteal, inguinal, paraaortic, and axillary lymph nodes was investigated in mice. Aclacinomycin (0.2 mg/kg), a potent antineoplastic drug was injected subcutaneously into the footpad of mice in the form of ACR-CH or as an ACR solution. After a single injection of ACR-CH, the regional nodal cytotoxic response against mouse YAC-1 lymphoma cells was markedly increased and sustained for 7-10 days. The immune response was also increased after ACR solution but to a much lesser extent. These effects were found in popliteal, inguinal, and paraaortic lymph nodal effector cells but not in the more remote axillary nodes. Absorption of adherence cells largely abrogated the cytotoxic response. These results suggest that ACR-CH did not impair but rather stimulated nodal immunoregulatory cells. Potentially ACR-CH may enhance immune responsiveness of regional lymph nodes after subcutaneous administration while concomitantly curtailing neoplastic growth in these same lymph nodes.

Aclarubicin↗

PubMed1992

Immunological activities of monoclonal IgG1 antibody against Trypanosoma gambiense.

The present paper deals with the immune reaction between a monoclonal IgG1 antibody and Trypanosoma gambiense. The aggregation of trypanosomes, immune adherence to macrophages and protection against infection are associated with the antibody. IgG1-mediated clumping of trypanosomes is readily dissociated by the addition of complement. Dissociation of the clumped trypanosomes in the equivalence area released approximately fifty percent of previously bound surface antigens. These antigens were capable of binding again to new IgG1 antibody. Complement deposition rendered bivalent IgG1 antibody in the immune complex functionally univalent. Such an event in the presence of complement is of great advantage to the infected host in killing pathogens in vivo, as it allows more antibodies to attach to surface antigens and subsequently to initiate complement activity.

Animal Population Groups↗

PubMed1992

[A rapid measuring technique for allergen-induced IL2 responsiveness of lymphocytes by the propidium iodide-staining method. Detection of the etiological antigen in patients with allergic diseases].

A method for rapidly measuring the interleukin 2 (IL-2)-responsiveness of allergen-stimulated lymphocytes has been newly developed using propidium iodide (PI) staining and drawing ink quenching of the fluid medium fluorescence. There was a linear correlation between the number of PI-stained cells and the fluorescence intensity. The background was less than 5 percent. This fluorochromasia assay reflected the cell number for the quantitative measurement of lymphocyte proliferation. Antigen-activated patient cells added to IL2, showed greater increase in 3H-TdR uptake than IL-2-untreated cells, and were capable of acquiring IL2 responsiveness. Increased numbers of the cells were observed by both the PI- and trypan blue-staining methods. In contrast, unstimulated cells also showed increased 3H-TdR uptake response without increased cell numbers on stimulation with r-IL2 by a 6.8 to 19.3 fold stimulation index compared to the antigen-activated cells. The results indicated that the unstimulated cells in addition with r-IL2 still remained in the initial phase of the DNA-synthetic (S) period through the cell cycle, whereas the activated cells had passed through the post-synthetic gap (C2) and/or cell division at mitosis (M). 3H-TdR uptake of cultured cells usually demonstrates the presence of antigen-sensitized lymphocytes by in vitro proliferative response, and shows an increased stimulation index in 4 or 7 day cultured cells on stimulation with allergens. However, proliferation of some cell populations decreased; furthermore no distinct differences in cell proliferation between allergic and normal lymphocytes were observed, as is usual in this assay, although the present method was capable of measuring increased-IL2 responsiveness of patient lymphocytes. The results indicate that the 3H-TdR uptake method can not be substituted for cell enumeration in the evaluation of the antigen-specificity of induced-IL2 responsiveness of activated cells. Therefore, cell enumeration using the PI-staining method may be preferable in this system. The induced response was observed in lymphocytes from patients with atopic dermatitis, bronchial asthma and/or allergic rhinitis specifically on stimulation with the antigen causing clinical symptoms. The results obtained using the PI-staining method were very similar to those in previous reports where the trypan blue staining method was employed. The present method appears to be capable of rapidly screening etiological antigens for disease and easily monitoring clinical activity.

Allergens↗

PubMed1992

Studies on teratological testing using chicken embryos--effects of solvents, injection sites and the age of the embryo.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of solvents, injection sites and embryo age when using chicken embryos for teratological testing. The results obtained were as follows: 1) Solvents: distilled water, physiological saline, sesame oil, 25% ethanol, 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose and 0.1% methylcellulose solution were not toxic in Day-4 embryos (eggs incubated for 4 days). 2) With 6-aminonicotinamide, air space injection more effectively induced malformations in chicken embryos. With boric acid, however, yolk sac injection was better. It was shown therefore that the appropriate injection site varied according to the test drug. 3) 6-aminonicotinamide induced characteristic malformations when injected into embryos of various ages ranging from 4 to 13 days of incubation. On the other hand, boric acid was teratogenetic only when injected into Day-3 or Day-4 embryos. It seems, therefore, that the age of the embryo at the time of administration is of critical importance and that the optimum time of administration varies according to the test drug.

6-Aminonicotinamide↗

PubMed1992

[Evaluation of panipenem/betamipron in pediatric field].

Panipenem/betamipron (PAPM/BP), a mixture of a newly synthesized carbapenem antibiotic panipenem (PAPM) and N-benzoyl-beta-alanine, betamipron (BP), was evaluated for pharmacokinetics, in vivo and in vitro antimicrobial effect, and clinical efficacy in pediatric patients. Intravenous drip infusion of either 10 mg/10 mg/kg or 20 mg/20 mg/kg of PAPM/BP for 30 minutes resulted in maximum plasma concentrations of 36.6 micrograms/ml and 92.5 micrograms/ml, half lives (T 1/2 beta) of 1.17 hours and 0.88 hours, and urinary excretion until 6 hours of 29% and 17.7%, respectively. Antibacterial activities of PAPM against Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative rods isolated from pediatric patients were equal to or slightly stronger than those of imipenem, ceftazidime, cefoperazone, and piperacillin. Clinical effects of PAPM/BP evaluated in 17 patients were as follows; excellent in 8 cases, good in 8 cases, and fair in 1 case. The overall efficacy rate was 94.1%. Elevations of GOT and/or GPT were observed in 2 patients and transient eosinophilia was observed in 1 patient.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

[A case of cervical myelopathy due to atlanto-axial subluxation with athetoid cerebral palsy].

We reported cervical myelopathy due to atlanto-axial subluxation of athetoid quadriplegia of cerebral palsy. This lesion was present from upper cervix to lower medulla oblongata, and appeared on MRI. The changes of sSEP was useful to evaluate his spinal function. We think that pediatricians need to understand this pathophysiology, particularly for multihandicapped children.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

Diversity of complement-mediated immune reaction to Trypanosoma gambiense.

Intact and papain-treated Trypanosoma gambiense clone populations, each expressing special antigens on their cell surfaces, were mixed with rabbit antiserum in the presence of complement. Two distinct types of immune reaction between trypanosomes and antisera were observed: clumping followed by dissociation (CD) and inhibition of aggregation (IA). Special antigens on the cell surface of trypanosomes exposed after papain digestion are implicated in both types of immune reaction. IA was considered to be more effective as an immunological response which would allow the infected host to clear the pathogen without any obstruction of capillaries and impairment of blood flow caused by clumping masses of trypanosomes.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Establishment of an experimental model of autoimmune epididymo-orchitis induced by the transfer of a T-cell line in mice.

A murine T-cell line derived from BALB/c mice (designated B.T.1) was established which was capable of adoptively transferring experimental autoimmune orchitis (EAO) in normal recipients. The protocol consisted of preparing lymphocytes obtained from the mice that were immunized with syngenetic testicular germ cells (TGC) and the subsequent repeated selection of the lymphocytes in vitro by stimulation with murine testicular antigens (mTA). Phenotypic analysis revealed that B.T.1 cells were CD4+ T-cells. Intra-peritoneal inoculation of as few as 1 x 10(5) B.T.1 cells, that were stimulated in vitro with mTA before the inoculation, was capable of transferring EAO to naive recipients. In the latter, both delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) and humoral responses to TGC were augmented. The transferred lesion was characterized by infiltration of inflammatory cells into the epididymis and rete testis and widespread aspermatogenesis in the testis. The transfer of EAO was unsuccessful when the recipients received B.T.1 cells that were maintained in culture medium without stimulation with mTA. In these recipients, anti-TC DTH was not detected, although the specific humoral response was observed. In-vitro characterization of the biological activity of B.T.1 cells revealed that the line had no cytolytic activity against TGC but the culture supernatant had macrophage migration inhibitory activity involved in the DTH response. Therefore, the DTH responsiveness transferred by B.T.1 cells was found to correlate with their orchitis-inducing capacity.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Effect of hypobaric hypoxia on fiber type composition of the soleus muscle in the developing rat.

The fiber type composition of the soleus muscle was investigated in male Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to hypobaric hypoxia of 460 mm Hg from 5 to 12 weeks of age. The muscle fibers were classified as fast-twitch oxidative (FO) and slow-twitch (S) on the basis of adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) reactions. Intermediate fibers (INT) with intermediate ATPase and high SDH reaction intensities were also examined. A type shift of muscle fibers from FO to INT and S was found in the control group during development. After exposure to hypoxia, the hypoxia group had a significantly greater percentage of FO fibers than the age-matched control group. There was no significant change in the total number of fibers in the muscle during development and after exposure to hypoxia. These results indicate that the increased percentage of FO fibers found in the developing rat under hypoxic conditions is due to a hypoxia-induced inhibition of the type shift of muscle fibers from FO to S during development.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

[Presence of human epidermal growth factor (hEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in human aqueous].

Thirty-eight cataract eyes and 15 artificial aphakic or pseudophakic eyes were enrolled in this study to determine levels of human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in human aqueous, using a radioimmunoassay. Neither hEGF nor bFGF were detected in either congenital cataract eyes or senile cataract eyes without any complication. In cases of senile cataract complicated with glaucoma and traumatic cataract, bFGF range from 0.4 to 0.8 ng/ml whereas hEGF was not detected. In cases of senile cataract with myocardial or brain infarction and anterior subcapsular cataract, bFGF was detected ranging from 0.4 to 1.0 ng/ml and in some of the cases hEGF was detected at a level of 1.0 ng/ml. hEGF was detected at 1.0 ng/ml in some cases of secondary cataract after uveitis, cataract complicated with retinal detachment, cataract after scleral buckling or vitrectomy, and aphakic or pseudophakic eyes after extracapsular cataract extraction or phacoemulsification. These results showed that hEGF and bFGF exist at a level of about 1 ng/ml in human aqueous in some pathological states and it seems possible that proliferation of lens epithelial cells is promoted by the growth factors, with the result that after cataract, anterior capsular opacities and shrinkage become severe.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

Gallbladder and biliary interventional radiology.

The past ten years have seen the introduction of a number of new techniques for the treatment of biliary diseases. In this report, we discuss the roles of both extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy and percutaneous treatment of gallstones, and we emphasize the changing role of these techniques since the advent of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The literature on chemical cholecystectomy is reviewed with particular reference to experience in humans. Biliary endoprosthesis using expandable metallic stents is discussed in patients with benign and malignant biliary obstruction. Finally, we review the role of interventional radiologic procedures on liver transplant patients.

Biliary Tract Diseases↗

PubMed1991

Cloning and sequence analysis of membrane-bound alkaline phosphatase cDNA of the silkworm, Bombyx mori.

The nucleotide sequence (1974 bp) of cDNA coding for membrane-bound alkaline phosphatases (m-ALP) of Bombyx mori was isolated. The cDNA clone contained an open reading frame encoding a polypeptide (547 amino acids), which contains a hydrophobic signal peptide of 36 amino acids and the mature protein of 511 amino acids (Mr = 56,163). We found a highly hydrophobic domain presumed to be a membrane anchoring region at the C-terminus. Comparing analysis between Bombyx m-ALP and mammalian and Escherichia coli ALPs suggested an evolutionary relationship of sharing a common ancestral gene.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗

PubMed1991

Anti-skeletal muscle and anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies in patients with thymoma without myasthenia gravis: relation to the onset of myasthenia gravis.

We measured the anti-skeletal muscle (SM) antibody titers in sera from 46 patients with thymoma but without Myasthenia gravis (MG) in order to determine whether the presence of anti-SM antibody is linked to the combination of thymoma-MG, or to thymoma alone. We detected anti-SM antibodies in 18 of these sera, of which 15 had concomitantly elevated titers of anti-AChR antibodies. Moreover, 9 of whom had experienced the onset of MG after surgery. In contrast, no patient without elevations in both antibodies developed MG during the followup. We conclude that the presence of anti-SM antibodies is linked strongly with thymoma associated with MG, but not with thymoma alone.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

6-Hydroxymellein synthetase as a multifunctional enzyme complex in elicitor-treated carrot root extract.

Synthetic activity of a polyketide compound 6-hydroxymellein was induced in elicitor-treated carrot root tissues. The activity was significantly inhibited by an antiserum raised against the acyl carrier protein (ACP) of fatty acid synthetase, suggesting that the enzyme(s) for 6-hydroxymellein synthesis require(s) a functional unit similar to ACP. However, the synthetic activity was not stimulated by the addition of ACP purified from Escherichia coli and was not lost even after fractionation by gel-filtration chromatography. The active fraction obtained by gel-filtration (136 kDa) was subjected to immunoblot analysis, and a 128 kDa polypeptide in the fraction was found to cross-react with anti-ACP serum. These observations suggest that the biosynthesis of 6-hydroxymellein in carrot cells is catalyzed by an enzyme consisting of a single peptide chain.

Acyl Carrier Protein↗