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Biomedical subjects

M Itabashi

Publications and source records attributed to M Itabashi.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Synchronous early gastric cancer.

Synchronous early gastric cancer (EGC) has a prevalence of approximately 9%. The barium study findings of 73 patients with 163 synchronous EGC tumors were retrospectively reviewed, and the size, location, and morphologic type of each lesion considered malignant were analyzed and correlated with the endoscopic and final pathologic findings. Barium studies and endoscopy each correctly demonstrated 116 of the 163 synchronous EGC lesions. Those lesions not demonstrated by either technique were small, shallow, or flat and confined to the mucosa. Our results indicate that a careful preoperative evaluation with radiography and endoscopy currently can depict about 70% of these lesions.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1989

A rare case of asynchronous bilateral B-cell lymphoma of the breast.

We report an asynchronous bilateral malignant lymphoma of the breast, in a 56-year-old woman, presenting unusual clinical signs and histological features. The patient, who had a family history of breast cancer, had undergone a standard right radical mastectomy four years previously for a non-epithelial malignant tumor. At that time, the tumor was thought to be a stromal sarcoma, because some of the neoplastic cells were elongated or vacuolated. The patient recently became aware of a rapidly growing tumor of the left nipple without erosion or pain. This tumor underwent biopsy, and the histological examination showed a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of diffuse mixed type. Staging procedures demonstrated no sign of generalized disease. Following a modified left radical mastectomy for optimal local control and accurate staging, adjuvant chemotherapy consisting of vincristine, cyclophosphamide, prednisolone and doxorubicin was initiated. Immunohistochemical staining for PAN-B and leucocyte common antigen revealed both tumors to be malignant lymphomas of B-cell type, and the first lymphoma of the right breast was thought to be showing 'signet ring' cell change. Since the two tumors were morphologically quite different from each other, it was suggested that they were asynchronous bilateral primary malignant lymphomas; however, the possibility remains that the recent left breast tumor is a recurrence of the malignant lymphoma of the right breast. The patient is currently disease-free, 10 months after surgery.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1989

Prognostic contributions of Helix pomatia and carcinoembryonic antigen staining using histochemical techniques in breast carcinomas.

Helix Pomatia (HPA) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) staining were studied in 113 primary breast carcinomas, 63 metastatic lymph nodes and 10 resected local recurrences, using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) method. Positive percentage rates were 41 (46/113) for HPA and 24 (27/113) for CEA in primary tumors, and 80 (8/10) for HPA but only 10 (1/10) for CEA in metastatic lesions. HPA staining showed a statistically significant correlation with negative estrogen receptor (ER) status (r -0.25, P = 0.05) and high nuclear grade (r 0.20, P = 0.04). Cancers with positive HPA staining were associated with a lower survival rate than those without (P = 0.0001), irrespective of menopausal status. CEA staining showed a marginal correlation with survival (P = 0.06: log rank test). The five-year survival rate of 21 cases positive for these two markers was only 5%. Multivariate analysis revealed HPA staining to be the best prognostic factor. The data indicated that HPA staining might be a valuable prognostic factor for breast cancer patients, especially when combined with CEA staining.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

[Study of local interstitial hyperthermia induced by low power Nd:YAG laser].

A comparative study of local interstitial hyperthermia induced by low power Nd:YAG laser (laser hyperthermia) and microwave hyperthermia was carried out in vivo and in vitro in an attempt to clarify the therapeutic effect and the mechanism. Both therapies, after seven days, caused marked amounts of coagulated necroses in the transplanted tumors of human pancreatic carcinoma. Immediately after those therapies, electron microscopic examination of the tumor tissues showed membranous, cytoplasmic, nuclear and mitochondrial damage; however, this damage was much more extensive in laser hyperthermia compared to microwave hyperthermia. The cytocidal effects of heating alone, laser hyperthermia and microwave hyperthermia were also studied in vitro. Of the three, laser hyperthermia demonstrated the most notable decrease in viability. Thus, in the mechanism of laser hyperthermia, it seems that the immediate effect is cellular damage caused by both heat energy and Nd:YAG laser light followed by subsequent damage of tumor vessels.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Malignant transformation of gastric hyperplastic polyps.

Four hundred and seventy-seven hyperplastic polyps, removed by endoscopic polypectomy, were reviewed with special reference to the appearance of dysplastic foci and their malignant transformation. Focal carcinomas were found in 10 hyperplastic polyps, which corresponded to 2.1% of the total of 477 hyperplastic polyps. The location of cancer was at the head or at the surface of the polyp, and was intramucosal. Dysplastic foci equivalent in the degree of histological atypia to adenoma were found adjacent to the cancerous foci in these 10 polyps. Dysplastic foci were also found in 19 hyperplastic polyps without cancerous foci, which corresponded to 4.0% of the total hyperplastic polyps. In connection with the histogenesis of malignant transformation of hyperplastic polyps, the results of clinicopathological examination and immunohistochemical stains strongly suggested that cancer cells arose from the dysplastic area in hyperplastic polyps, rather than directly from nondysplastic hyperplastic epithelium.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Clinical and radiologic features of hepatocellular carcinoma originating in the caudate lobe.

Five patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in the caudate lobe were evaluated. Computed tomography (CT) scan and/or angiography clearly demonstrated multiple intrahepatic metastases in four (80%), and tumor thrombi in the portal vein in two (40%), and in the inferior vena cava in one. Even though there was no recognizable lung metastasis, metastases were found in the orbita in one patient, and in the ribs and thoracic vertebrae in two patients. Four patients died after a mean period of 5.5 months from the initial diagnosis. The mechanism for early invasion into the vessels and multiple intrahepatic metastases of hepatocellular carcinoma arising from the caudate lobe is discussed.

Angiography↗
PubMed1986

[Immunohistochemical study of oncogene-related products in human gastrointestinal malignancies--expression of ras p 21, fes p 85 and EGF receptor].

An immunohistochemical examination by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method was carried out to assess the expression of oncogene-related products, i.e., ras p 21 protein, fes p 85 protein and epidermal-growth-factor (EGF) receptors, in human gastrointestinal malignancies. The presence of ras p 21, fes p 85 and EGF receptors was detected in 48%, 62%, and 62% of 29 colorectal carcinomas and in 65%, 65% and 40% of 20 gastric cancers, respectively. More than one oncogene protein was demonstrated in 18 of 29 colorectal carcinomas and in 10 of 20 gastric cancers. These results suggest that multiple oncogenes are important in the occurrence and progress of gastrointestinal malignancies.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1985

[Coexisting malignant lymphoma and advanced adenocarcinoma of the colon--a case report].

Although it is not uncommon to find multiple malignant neoplasms in the same organ, the incidence of synchronous malignant lymphoma and colonic adenocarcinoma has been very rare. This a case report involving a 52-year-old woman in whom malignant lymphoma actually arose within the same segment in which colonic adenocarcinoma was present. Under the diagnosis of advanced adenocarcinoma, she had been treated by right hemicolectomy. However, she developed intestinal obstruction about a month later. At the second surgery for this latter condition, cytologic examination of ascitic fluid revealed many malignant lymphoma cells. In spite of antilymphoma chemotherapy, the patient's condition became progressively worse during the subsequent five-month period, and she died of recurrent malignant lymphoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[Difference in clinical treatment between patients histologically diagnosed as group III by the old and new "group classifications" of gastric biopsy].

Since 1971, when the first draft of the "Group Classification", which classifies the atypism of histological structure in biopsy specimens of the stomach, was proposed by the Japanese Research Society For Gastric Cancer, this classification has come into wide use in Japan. It was, however, revised in 1983, and, according to the revised classification, group III was defined as general histological findings in which it is difficult to make a differentiation between benign and malignant by biopsy specimens. Consequently, the new group III includes, various borderline histologies, in addition to the old group III, which had been defined as the histological features corresponding to those observed in gastric adenoma in biopsy specimens. At the National Cancer Center Hospital, 13,909 gastric biopsies were performed during the period between 1973 and 1982. By retrospective review of these, histological findings in 247 lesions of 231 cases corresponded to group III by the old classification (adenomatous type) and in addition to these, 54 lesions of 54 cases to group III by the new classification (non-adenomatous type). We compared the endoscopic and pathological features between the two types, and the following results were obtained: The false-negative rate of malignancy in the non- adenomatous type (24%) was much higher than that in the adenomatous type (6%). The difference between the two may suggest that, with the adoption of the new group classification, clinical treatment of the patients with group III becomes more complicated due to the increase of the false-negative rate. Endoscopically, most (84%) of the lesions in the adenomatous type were seen as polypoid, while in the non-adenomatous type, depressed lesions were dominant (80%). And, endoscopic details of the polypoid or depressed appearances were mostly different between the two types. These nuances of endoscopic appearance between adenomatous and non-adenomatous types are applicable to decisions regarding, adequate clinical treatment for patients diagnosed as group III by the new "group classification." Good communication between the endoscopist and pathologist is indispensable.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1984

[ESR (electron spin resonance) analysis of cancer patient lymphocytes stained with hematoporphyrin D].

Administration of hematoporphyrin derivative (HPD) with the association of laser beam irradiation has recently been employed for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. This methodology is based on the tumor affinity of HPD and the phenomenon of fluorescence generation under the specific wave laser beam. Furthermore, laser irradiation induces a photochemical reaction of HPD, which may kill the HPD uptake cancer cells. Utilizing the electron spin resonance (ESR) that produces HPD radicals, we measured the level of radicals in the lymphocytes separated from the peripheral blood of patients with cancer of various types and sites and that from normal controls, as well as in the culture cancer cells (K-562). The level of radicals in the lymphocytes from the cancer-bearing patients and culture cancer cells was found to be significantly elevated as compared with that in the lymphocytes of normal controls and patients with noncancerous conditions such as SLE, hepatic disease, etc. This procedure appears to be very useful for the diagnosis of cancer, and this is the first report in the world.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Malignant peripheral nerve tumors: a clinicopathological and electron microscopic study.

Sixteen cases of malignant peripheral nerve tumors that were recorded in the files of the Department of Orthopedics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, between 1972-July 1983 were studied clinicopathologically. The patients' ages ranged from 24-51 years, and both sexes were affected equally. Histologically, in 13 cases of nerve sheath tumors the tumors were spindle-cell type, two of these patients had manifestation of multiple neurofibromatosis (von Recklinghausen's disease). One malignant epithelioid schwannoma was found to arise from the tibial nerve. Other two cases were of primitive neuroectodermal tumors (primary malignant peripheral neuroblastoma) which showed rosette formation. The common primary symptoms in all patients were a noticeable mass which increased in size over a variable period of time, with or without associated pain and tenderness. Ultrastructural findings of spindle-cell type (in 7 tumors examined) and epithelioid type (1 tumor) showed evidence of Schwann cell differentiation of the tumors in all cases. Immunohistochemically, by the PAP method (Sternberger), staining for S-100 protein was positive in 3 of 14 tumors. Ultrastructural findings in two S-100 protein-positive cases showed evidence of Schwann cell differentiation better than the S-100 protein-negative cases, such as pronounced interdigitation of cytoplasmic processes, presence of fibrous long-spacing collagen and well-developed basal lamina. Local recurrence occurred in nine patients, and metastasis was found in five. The total 5-year survival rate was 58.5%. Tumors associated with multiple neurofibromatosis and primary peripheral neuroblastomas had the worst prognosis. Complete removal of the tumor by means of wide excision as primary treatment seemed to be the most important factor in decreasing the morbidity and mortality rates.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Distribution of blood group antigens and CA 19-9 in gastric cancers and non-neoplastic gastric mucosa.

The distribution of blood group ABH antigens, their precursor I(Ma) antigen, Lewis a antigen and monoclonal antibody-defined tumor-associated antigen CA 19-9 in gastric cancers and their surrounding non-neoplastic mucosa was studied by using immunohistochemical methods. ABH antigens were localized in the foveolar epithelium except for a few cases presumed to be non-secretors, but ABH antigens were lost focally from metaplastic mucosa. In contrast, Lewis a and I(Ma) antigens were present in the foveolar epithelium of non-secretors and metaplastic mucosa where ABH antigens were not detected. Gastric cancers also showed focal loss of ABH antigens and gain of Lewis a and I(Ma) antigens, and the cancer cells showed marked heterogeneity in antigen expression compared with non-neoplastic mucosa. Expression of incompatible blood group antigen (A-like antigen) reactive with monoclonal anti-A antibody was also detected in cancer cells of blood group O and B cases. CA 19-9 (sialylated-Lewis a) was detected in 62% of gastric cancers and in the restricted areas of gastric mucosa where Lewis a was positive.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1984

Binding of bile acids with rat colon and resultant perturbation of membrane organization as studied by uptake measurement and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

The mode of interaction of deoxycholate (DOC) or lithocholate (LC) with F344 rat colon was examined by measurements of uptake, 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and observation of morphological changes. DOC as well as LC was taken up by the colon in a nonsaturable manner with respect to concentration and time, up to 30 min. None of several metabolic inhibitors reduced the uptake of the bile acids, nor did pretreatment of colon segments with chloroform-methanol (2:1, (v/v), heat or trypsin. Further, the bile acids were not transported by the colon against concentration gradients, and they were bound to both the mucosa and serosa equally. From these findings, it is concluded that the bile acids are transported in a passive manner, and no specific receptor for them is contained in colonic mucosa. The uptake of the bile acids by the colon varied with temperature and was related to the fluidity of the colonic membranes. The extent of uptake of dehydrocholate and taurocholate, which do not induce ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity, was almost the same as that of LC. The 31P NMR spectra of the colonic mucosal cells indicated that the proportion of the bilayer structure is increased by 0.5 mM DOC. Among a variety of bile acids examined, the extent of membrane alteration was in parallel with the extent of ODC induction. Treatment of the colonic mucosa with 0.5 mM DOC caused marked degeneration of the surface but not the deeper layers of the mucosa. Thus, physiological concentrations of bile acids influence the membrane organization of the colonic mucosa in a nonspecific manner that is possibly related to the tumor-promoting activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

A clinical and histopathological study of gastric polyps in familial polyposis coli.

Fundic gland area gastric polyps in familial polyposis coli (FPC) were compared with those in non-familial polyposis coli clinicopathologically to elucidate their histogenetic and biological characteristics. Some differences were observed in age, sex, and radiological and endoscopical features. Although the polyps were similar histologically, they showed an apparent histochemical difference between the two groups in periodic borohydride technique/potassium hydroxide/periodic acid-Schiff stain which demonstrates O-acylated sialic acid. The superficial and foveolar epithelium of the polyps was positive in 10 of 12 familial polyposis coli cases, while the epithelium was positive in only one of 13 non-familial polyposis coli cases with the same staining. These results suggest differences between the two groups in the degree of epithelial intestinal metaplasia. The presence of gastric polyps with O-acylated sialic acid therefore indicates the necessity of examination of the colorectum.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Superficial carcinoma of the esophagus coexisting with esophageal leiomyoma: a case report and review of the Japanese literature.

A case of superficial spreading squamous cell carcinoma located just over a leiomyoma is presented. The patient complained of slight dysphagia and an esophagogram showed an elevated tumor in the middle thoracic esophagus. Esophagoscopy revealed an ulcerative mucosal lesion over the elevated lesion and biopsy showed that the lesion was a squamous cell carcinoma. Blunt dissection of the esophagus with esophago-gastro-anastomosis was performed. There was neither lymph vessel invasion nor lymph node metastasis. His post-operative recovery was satisfactory and he is doing well two years after the operation. A review of the Japanese and English literature revealed that a few cases of esophageal carcinoma coexisting with esophageal leiomyoma have been reported. There was no report of superficial esophageal carcinoma coexisting with esophageal leiomyoma. This is the first report of the coexistence of these two lesions, and esophagoscopy is necessary to find a superficial esophageal carcinoma coexisting with esophageal leiomyoma.

Adult↗