Deletion (X)(p11): another case of renal adenocarcinoma with involvement of Xp11.
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Adenocarcinoma↗
Biomedical subjects
M Ishiguro
Publications and source records attributed to M Ishiguro.
Interferometric observations for oxygen-containing organic molecules toward Orion-KL.
High spatial resolution observations (approximately 5") were made for the 3 mm transitions of methanol (CH3OH), methyl formate (HCOOCH3), and dimethyl ether [(CH3)2O] toward Orion-KL using the Nobeyama Millimeter Array. The 15(3)-14(4) A- CH3OH emission appears to be elongated along the line connecting IRc2 and "the southern condensation (SC)", which may suggest a relation between methanol and the outflow from IRc2. The HCOOCH3 (7(1,6)-6(1,5)) and (CH3)2O (15(2,13)-15(1,14)) emissions appear to be well concentrated toward SC with an angular size of approximately 6".5 (at the 2 sigma level). There also exists another oxygen-rich condensation to the west of IRc2 (angular size approximately 4".5) having column densities of HCOOCH3 and (CH3)2O comparable to those of SC. We derive the total column densities 6.8 x 10(16) cm-2, 1.4 x 10(16) cm-2 and 2.7 x 10(16) cm-2 for CH3OH, HCOOCH3, and (CH3)2O, respectively, at the core of SC.
Astronomical Phenomena↗
Factor in urinary extracts from pregnant women that inhibit mouse oocyte maturation in vitro.
Mouse oocyte maturation inhibitory factors, on the basis of inhibitory activity of spontaneous germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) of denuded mouse oocytes in culture, were extracted and partially purified by reversed-phase resin adsorption and Sephadex G-100 and G-50 column chromatographies from the urine of pregnant women. Denuded oocytes obtained from ovaries of ICR mice underwent spontaneous GVBD by cultivation for 3 h in modified Krebs-Ringer's buffered solution, while this spontaneous GVBD was found to be inhibited by adding the final preparation (U-D-4) of urine. The inhibition was dose dependent, ranging from 0.6 to 10 micrograms protein/ml medium. Oocytes treated with U-D-4 and resuspended in control medium resumed GVBD. The molecular mass of U-D-4 was estimated to be less than 2,000 Da with gel filtration. Ether treatment failed to extract inhibitory factor(s) from U-D-4 and pepsin treatment inactivated U-D-4, indicating that inhibitory factor(s) in U-D-4 are peptide-like substances. The inhibitory effect of U-D-4 on spontaneous GVBD was partially reversed in the presence of naloxone, a potent opioid antagonist. U-D-4s obtained from urine samples of pregnant women, nonpregnant women, and men showed the inhibitory effect on spontaneous GVBD; however, the activity of U-D-4 obtained from pregnancy urine was significantly more potent than those of the other urine samples.
Animals↗
Cardio-respiratory control in an infant with Ondine's curse: a multivariate autoregressive modelling approach.
We applied spectral analysis through multivariant autoregressive model fitting [1] to RR interval (RRI) and respiratory (RES) oscillation obtained during quiet sleep in an infant with congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (Ondine's curse), a child with obstructive sleep apnea, and two healthy children. Power spectra, impulse response and noise contribution ratio between RRI and RES oscillation were calculated by using a minicomputer PFU-1200 (FACOM) to determine the structure of the feedback system between RRI and RES within the central nervous system. We found that the respiratory noise contribution ratio to RRI was significantly smaller in Ondine's curse (37 +/- 7.7%, at 0.23 Hz) than in obstructive sleep apnea (90 +/- 6.7%, at 0.39 Hz) and healthy subjects. We postulate that the result shows disturbance of the central autonomic control of breathing and heart rate in Ondine's curse.
Autonomic Nervous System↗
Zinc protease of Bacillus subtilis var. amylosacchariticus: construction of a three-dimensional model and comparison with thermolysin.
The active site structure of the Zn-containing neutral protease from Bacillus subtilis var. amylosacchariticus (BANP) was predicted by computer-aided modeling on the basis of the three-dimensional structure of thermolysin (TLN). As expected from the high homology in amino acid sequence of the two enzymes, the overall folding of BANP was very similar to that of TLN. Glu144, Tyr158, and His228 of BANP were located near the active site Zn ion, to which three amino acid residues, His143, His147, and Glu167, were coordinated. This model is supported by the previous results that chemical modifications of Tyr158 and photooxidation of His228 of BANP markedly affect the proteolytic activity of the enzyme. Interestingly, BANP was found to be significantly less sensitive to metalloprotease inhibitors such as phosphoramidon and talopeptin. From a comparison of the enzyme-inhibitor complex models between BANP and thermolysin, it is suggested that replacement of Thr129 in TLN by Phe130 in BANP is related to difference in inhibitor sensitivity between BANP and TLN.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Immature human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in first trimester placental cells is bound to an ATP-binding protein forming high-molecular-weight hCG.
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in first trimester placental cells is made up of immature alpha- and beta-subunits containing only N-linked high-mannose sugar chains, which are of 21 kDa for the alpha-subunit and 23 and 19 kDa for the beta-subunit. However, the apparent molecular weight of immature hCG from placental cell extracts has been estimated from gel filtration to be much higher (100-200 kDa; high molecular weight-hCG, HMW-hCG) based on gel filtration than the theoretical value (approximately 44 kDa) of the alpha beta dimer (alpha beta-hCG). We prepared a gel-filtered fraction containing HMW-hCG and investigated treatments for converting it to alpha beta-hCG. We found that the molecular weight of HMW-hCG was decreased to close to that of alpha beta-hCG by treatment with acetone, proteases, or chelating agents. These treatments also shifted the isoelectric point of HMW-hCG from the acidic region (pI = 4-6) to the alkaline (pI = 9-11), approximating to that of alpha beta-hCG. We also found that HMW-hCG, but not acetone-treated HMW-hCG, bound to ATP-agarose resin. These results suggested that the immature alpha beta-hCG molecule in placental cells may be bound to an acidic ATP-binding protein to form HMW-hCG.
Acetone↗
[Severe carotid artery stenosis in the neck is frequently associated with coronary heart disease].
We have reviewed 15 cases of carotid artery stenosis in the neck, consisting of 11 patients with cerebral ischemia and 4 asymptomatic patients, in relation to associated coronary heart disease. The 15 patients had systemic complications, including hypertension in 87%, diabetes mellitus in 40% and hyperlipidemia in 57%. Systemic vascular complications other than coronary heart disease were present in 27% of the patients. Three of the 15 patients had a history of ischemic heart disease and had been treated by cardiologists. One patient developed angina pectoris on the second day of a cerebral ischemic attack. Coronary angiography (CAG) and simultaneous cerebral angiography following carotid endartectomy (CEA) were performed 4 of the remaining 12 patients, who had symptoms or history of ischemic heart attacks. Three of these four patients had stenotic lesions in their coronary arteries. Another one patient among the remaining 8 developed angina pectoris one year after undergoing CEA. This patient had 3-vessel coronary artery disease. These findings suggest that a strong correlation between stenotic lesions of the carotid arteries in the neck and coronary heart disease, with or without episodes of ischemic heart disease. CAG should be strongly recommended in such patients to assess the severity of complicating ischemic heart disease and to improve the prognosis following CEA.
Adult↗
[A dementia occurred during therapy for multi-drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis].
A 47-year-old woman was thirdly admitted to our hospital for therapy to multi-drug resistant tuberculosis of the lung in June 88. Although she was treated with TH, PAS and EVM, M. tuberculosis were positive constantly in her sputum. She complained of sleep disturbance, irritability, headache on September 89, she was diagnosed reactive depression. But her symptoms were progressive, low level of intelligence test in November, apatic in December and became spastic paralysis and vegetable state at next year. She was died of pneumonia in November 90. Her autopsy findings showed no brain atrophy nor meningitis. Microscopically, central chromatolysis were showed in Betz cells and anterior horn cells, these findings sometimes suspected for Peragulla, but we could not obtained definite pathological diagnosis, because we could not have been obtained findings indicating for Peragulla. Finally, we reported the clinical course and autopsy findings of dementia occurred during therapy for multi-drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis.
Dementia↗
[Lp(a) lipoprotein in patients on maintenance hemodialysis--a study from apo(a) isoform].
It has been suggested that lipid abnormalities may be involved in the development of cardiovascular disorders in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD). Hypertriglyceridemia commonly accompanies this condition and is associated with decreased concentrations of HDL-cholesterol. Recent clinical interest has been paid to the disturbances of Lp(a) and apo (a) isoform in relation to cardiovascular disorders. Although high concentrations of Lp(a) are associated with ischemic heart disease, we are unaware of the availability of such data concerning patients on maintenance hemodialysis. We therefore compared levels of Lp(a) and the frequency of occurrence of their isoforms in 310 patients (chronic glomerulonephritis, N = 221; diabetic nephropathy, N = 77; polycystic kidney disease, N = 12) on maintenance hemodialysis and in 212 normal subjects. The following results were obtained. (1) HD patients showed significantly elevated levels of Lp(a) compared to normal subjects. (2) Studies of apo (a) isoform showed that HD patients showed high frequency of S2 and low frequency of S4. (3) HD patients, especially long-term patients, showed high frequency of double band (S2/S3). (4) There were no significant differences in the levels of Lp(a) and in the frequency of apo(a) isoform among 3 different etiological studies.
Adolescent↗
Primary structure deduced from complementary DNA sequence and expression in cultured cells of mammalian 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid dioxygenase. Evidence that the enzyme is a homodimer of identical subunits homologous to rat liver-specific alloantigen F.
4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid dioxygenase is an important enzyme in tyrosine catabolism in most organisms. From porcine and human liver cDNA libraries we isolated complementary DNA inserts for the enzyme. Protein sequence analysis of the porcine enzyme revealed a block of the amino terminus of the mature enzyme. Comparison of the amino acid sequence determined by Edman degradation of peptides derived from porcine liver 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid dioxygenase with the nucleotide sequences revealed the primary structure of the porcine and human enzymes. The mature human and porcine enzymes have an 89% amino acid sequence identity in amino acid residues and are composed of 392 amino acid residues. A computer-assisted homology search revealed that the enzyme is 88% identical in amino acid sequence to rat liver-specific alloantigen F. A monoclonal antibody (mob 51), which can immunoprecipitate both the human and porcine enzymes, was developed. Cultured BMT-10 cells transfected with the cDNA insert of the human enzyme, using the expression vector pCAGGSneodE, produced a polypeptide with an M(r) of 43,000, which was immunoprecipitated with mob 51. Enzymic activity of the enzyme was detected in the transfected cells but not in the mock transfected cells. These findings suggest that the human 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid dioxygenase is a homodimer of two identical subunits with an M(r) of 43,000. Liver-specific alloantigen F seems to be closely related to the enzyme or possibly to the subunit of the enzyme itself. Elucidation of the complete amino acid sequence of the enzyme is expected to reveal structure-function relationships of this metabolically important enzyme and to shed light on inherited disorders related to tyrosine metabolism, especially tyrosinemia types 1 and 3.
4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Dioxygenase↗
Two cell lines established from mixed müllerian tumors of the uterus. Morphologic, immunocytochemical, and cytogenetic analyses.
To clarify the cellular origin and characteristics of malignant mixed müllerian tumor (MMMT), the authors investigated two cell lines (designated as FU-MMT-1 and FU-MMT-2) established from two patients with heterologous MMMT of the uterus. Both cell lines propagated continuously for 83 and 55 serial passages over 1.5 years, respectively. Morphologically, FU-MMT-2 was a mixture of carcinoma cells and sarcoma cells with predominance of carcinoma cells; FU-MMT-1 only had a sarcomatous element with distinct rhabdomyoblastic differentiation. Immunocytochemically, the sarcoma cells of each cell line expressed, not only myogenic and mesenchymal antigens (desmin, myoglobin, and vimentin), but also epithelial antigens, including epithelial membrane antigen and keratin. The carcinoma cells in FU-MMT-2 were positive for the epithelial antigens and vimentin and negative for desmin and myoglobin. Both lines had abnormal karyotypes; the modal chromosome numbers of FU-MMT-1 and FU-MMT-2 were 47 and 80, respectively. In addition, FU-MMT-1 had trisomy 8, and FU-MMT-2 had complex structural abnormalities. When transplanted into nude mice, FU-MMT-1 reproduced and maintained the characteristics of the original tumor. These cell lines and xenografts appear to provide a useful system for studying the biologic behavior, cytogenetic features, and histogenesis of MMMT. In conclusion, the presence of epithelial antigens in the sarcomatous and carcinomatous elements seemed to support the hypothesis that both elements are derived from a common stem cell.
Aged↗
Active-site residues of the transpeptidase domain of penicillin-binding protein 2 from Escherichia coli: similarity in catalytic mechanism to class A beta-lactamases.
By means of amino acid sequence alignment with class A beta-lactamases, the residues essential for the catalytic activity of the peptidoglycan transpeptidase of penicillin-binding protein 2 (PBP2) have been predicted to be Lys333, Asp447, and Lys544, in addition to the acylation site residue for the acyl-enzyme mechanism, Ser330. Accordingly, these residues were replaced by site-directed mutagenesis, and the resultant mutants were examined as to penicillin-binding activity and genetic complementation, which represent only the acylation step and the total reaction during transpeptidation, respectively. All the mutants at position 333 showed the complete loss of both the binding and complementation activities. Most of the mutants at position 447 retained the binding activity but lost the complementation activity, the exception being the D447E mutant, which retained both. The binding rates for various penicillins of the D447N mutant, which had lost the complementation activity, were almost identical to those of the wild type. The binding of the mutants at position 544 tended to require a higher penicillin concentration, and that of the K544H mutant required a lower pH. When the roles of the counterpart residues, Lys73, Glu166, and Lys234, in class A beta-lactamases were considered, the results suggested that Lys333 and Asp447 are essential for the acylation and acyl-transfer steps, respectively, and that Lys544 stabilizes the Michaelis complex through its side-chain positive charge.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Malignant fibrous histiocytoma. A tumor of facultative histiocytes showing mesenchymal differentiation in cultured cell lines.
The histogenesis of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) is controversial. To elucidate the cellular origin and characteristics of this neoplasm, the authors analyzed cell lines grown from 17 patients (15 soft tissue MFH and 2 bone MFH) by using light and electron microscopy, immunocytochemistry, enzyme cytochemistry, and functional tests for receptors for the Fc portion of immunoglobulin (Fc receptors) and immunophagocytosis. Each culture exhibited a storiform/pleomorphic pattern with mixed cellular populations consisting of spindle cells, polygonal cells, and bizarre giant cells; these morphologic features corresponded to the histologic characteristics of the primary tumors. The cells in each MFH line displayed histiocytic functional markers such as lysosomal enzymes, Fc receptors and immunophagocytosis. However, these cells differed from monocyte-derived macrophages (histiocytes) in immunoreactivity; the MFH cells expressed a mesenchymal antigen (FU3) distributed among perivascular cells and fibroblasts but demonstrated no positive reactions with Leu-M1 (CD15) and Leu-M3 (CD14), which recognize the cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage. In conclusion, these findings suggest that MFH is not a tumor of true histiocytes but of facultative histiocytes showing mesenchymal differentiation in vitro. Chromosomal analysis performed in one MFH line demonstrated abnormal karyotypes; the modal chromosome number was 58, with 5 marker chromosomes.
Adult↗
Cerebellopontine angle ganglioneuroblastoma.
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Cell Division↗
A case of lipoblastoma with t(3;8)(q12;q11.2).
We studied a single case of lipoblastoma in a 4-year-old boy. Cytogenetic analysis of the tumor cells showed two abnormal clones: 47,XY,t(3;8)(q12;q11.2),+mar, and 46,XY,t(3;8)(q12;q11.2). To our knowledge, this is the second report of chromosome findings in this rare tumor. Although lipoblastomas are frequently confused with myxoid liposarcomas, breakpoints in our patient were different from those of myxoid liposarcoma.
Child, Preschool↗
Chromosome abnormalities in liposarcomas.
We performed a cytogenetic study of short-term cultures from fresh surgical specimens obtained from four patients with liposarcoma. Myxoid liposarcomas (cases 1-3) were associated with a specific translocation between chromosomes 12 and 16. Trisomy 8, a nonrandom secondary aberration in myxoid liposarcoma, was observed in the third case as the only additional change. Round cell liposarcoma (case 4) showed complex chromosomal aberrations affecting chromosomes 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 13, 14, 17, 19, and 22. Neither band 12q13 nor 16p11 was visibly rearranged. Three subgroups of liposarcomas are proposed. The first group is characterized by t(12;16)(q13;p11), the second group by ring chromosomes, telomeric associations, and giant markers, and the last by complex numerical and structural aberrations.
Adult↗
Myxoid liposarcoma with t (12; 16)(q 13; p 11). Possible usefulness of chromosome analysis in a poorly differentiated sarcoma.
A chromosomal study was used to establish diagnosis of a poorly differentiated soft-tissue sarcoma occurring in the right thigh of a 57-year-old Japanese female. Histopathologically the excised tumor consisted of a poorly differentiated myxoid neoplasm, without specific features to enable the identification of neoplastic cells. Although a tentative diagnosis of poorly differentiated myxoid liposarcoma was made, ultrastructural examination and Oil Red O fat stain failed to demonstrate the evidence of lipoblastic differentiation, except that occasional cells possessed a small number of fine fat droplets. The diagnosis of liposarcoma was suggested by chromosome analysis of the fresh tumor tissue after short time culture and trypsin-Giemsa banding technique. The tumor cells demonstrated a clonal abnormality characterized by a reciprocal translocation, t(12; 16)(q 13; p 11), which is known as a specific aberration in myxoid liposarcoma. Thus, chromosome study seems to be useful for identifying undifferentiated mesenchymal tumors, which lack morphologic evidence of any specific differentiation, as in the present case.
Cell Differentiation↗
Characterization of a unique nonsecretory ribonuclease from urine of pregnant women.
We have reported previously [Sakakibara, et al. (1991) Chem. Pharm. Bull. 39, 146-149] that a protein purified from a partially purified pharmaceutical preparation of human chorionic gonadotropin (a urinary protein preparation from pregnant women) is a unique nonsecretory ribonuclease (RNase)-like protein on the basis of its amino terminal sequence homology. We purified the protein further from the same materials by gel filtration and reversed-phase column chromatographies with RNase activity as an index. The purified protein was designated RNase UpI-2. The catalytic activity and its sensitivity to inhibition by divalent cations suggest that the protein is related to nonsecretory RNase. The estimated molecular weight of RNase UpI-2 (38 kDa) by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was significantly higher than that of urinary nonsecretory RNases (13 to 19 kDa) reported so far. After trifluoromethanesulfonic acid treatment, the molecular weight of RNase UpI-2 was reduced and approached that of nonsecretory RNase, which indicated that the protein contains a significant amount of carbohydrate (approximately 50%). RNase UpI-2 was immunoreactive with antibodies to a nonsecretory RNase, RNAase 1 [Yasuda et al. (1988) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 965, 185-194]. By immunoblot analysis of the protein freshly prepared from various urine samples, it was shown that a considerable amount of RNase UpI-2 is present in urine of pregnant women, but only a trace of RNase UpI-2, if any, was detected in urine of nonpregnant women and men. These results suggest the possibility that RNase UpI-2 may have been formed via a specific protein modification in pregnant women.
Amino Acid Sequence↗