Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Ishida.
The activity of succinyltrialanine p-nitroanilide hydrolase in human tissues was greatest in kidney (384.2 x 10(3) U/gram wet tissue) followed by spleen, small intestine, liver and pancreas.
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Twenty-two strains of influenza A virus isolated from caged birds which had been imported into Japan from India and Thailand and had died druing transportation to Tokyo. Serological tests divided these strains into two groups. Viruses in the first group contained Hav7 hemagglutinin and were related antigenically to A/duck/Ukraine/1/63 [Hav7 Neq2]; viruses in the second group contained Hav4 hemagglutining and were related to A/duck/Czech/56 [Hav 4 Nav 1]. All strains contained Neq2 neuraminidase that was closely related to that fo A/equine/Miami/1/63[Heq2 Neq2] and A/duck/Ukraine/1/63[Hav7 Neq2]. It was concluded that the strains in the first group were Hav7 Naq2 and those in the second group were Hav4 Neq2; both group of viruses showed antigenic drift from the prototype strains.
In 1974 an epizootic occurred among budgerigar flocks in Kunitachi, Tokyo, and a causative agent which possessed haemagglutinating, neuraminidase, and haemolytic activities was isolated from the lung of a dead budgerigar. This agent was 100 to 300 nm in diamter and pleomorphic. The width of the ribonucleo-protein was estimated to be about 20 nm. These results indicated that the virus, designated Kunitachi virus, was a member of the paramyxovirus group. The virus contained in the amniotic fluid from infected embryonated hen's eggs, however, at times displayed no haemagglutinating activity with different erythrocytes and complete haemagglutination could only be detected in purified preparations. The Kunitachi viruses including three strains recently isolated from the same host were found to be serologically distinct from the known paramyxovirus strains and appeared to constitute a new subtype of avian paramyxovirus.
JJ/50 and four other strains of influenza C virus grew in an established line of canine kidney (MDCK) cells. Multicycle virus growth was markedly enhanced by the addition of trypsin to the culture medium and these viruses could be passaged serially in this system. The addition of appropriate concentrations of trypsin to the agar overlay medium enabled plaquing of influenza C/JJ/50 virus. Titration by plaque assay on MDCK cells was more sensitive than that by intra-amniotic inoculation of fertile hens' eggs.
Three different macrophage chemotactic factors were separated from hypersensitivity skin lesions induced by DNP-ascaris extract or PPD. The amount of each factor seemed to be changeable according to the nature of inflammatory stimuli. The chemotactic activity of the factor a was completely absorbed by anti-IgG and anti-light chain antibodies, while that of the factors b and c was not absorbed by the antibodies. The factor a was produced from IgG by neutrophil neutral serine protease resembling elastase but failing to digest elastin-orcein; its chemotactic generation was accompanied by release of dialysable peptide(s) from the IgG molecule, suggesting a minor structural change of the IgG molecule. Production of leucoegresin or lymphocyte chemotactic factor by neutrophil neutral thiol protease from IgG molecule was discussed.
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A neutral protease with a molecular weight of about 14,00 was separated at acid pH from rabbit neutrophils and then partially purified by elution on DEAE-Sephadex, CM-Sephadex and Sephadex G-75 in that order. This enzyme was inactivated by diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP), phenylmethyl sulphonylfluoride (PMSF), soybean trypsin inhibitor (SBTI), or elastatinal, suggesting a seryl protease resembling elastase, but it failed to digest elastin-orcein. The enzyme seemed different from histonase of rabbit neutrophils because of its haemoglobin (3HHb)-degrading ability and of inactivation by heparin. The protease generated in vitro macrophage chemotactic activity from guineapig serum IgG. This chemotactic factor had a molecular weight similar to that of IgG and its chemotacic generation was accompanied by release of dialysable peptide(s). No generation of macrophage chemotactic activity from IgG was induced in vitro by elastase from pig pancreas or by neutral thiol protease from rabbit neutrophils.
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This is a report of an evaluation of a new serologic test for gonorrhea--the Gonosticon Dri-Dot Test--as compared to the standard Thayer-Martin culturing technics in a low-risk female population. The Gonosticon Dri-Dot Test detected only 50% of the gonorrhea cases discovered by the conventional culture method. Furthermore, the serologic technic accounted for 17% false-positives, indicating that a reactive Gonosticon test is not necessarily consistent with active gonococcal infection. The efficacy of the Thayer-Martin culture plate diagnostic procedure for uncomplicated gonorrhea in women was reaffirmed by this study.
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Influenza C viruses did not possess neuraminidase activity when examined using either fetuin or sialyllactose as substrate. Purified preparations of influenza C virus inhibited hemagglutination by NWS hemagglutinin. The hemagglutination inhibiting activity was abolished by treatment of influenza C virus with neuraminidase. These findings indicated the absence of neuraminidase activity on influenza C virus particles.