Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Irie

Publications and source records attributed to M Irie.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources

Measurement of thyroid-stimulating hormone in dried blood spot.

Blood T.S.H. (thyroid-stimulating hormone) was measured by radioimmunoassay in dried blood spotted onto filter-paper and obtained during screening of the newborn for metabolic disorders. By this method, the detection limit for blood T.S.H. was 5--10 muU/ml, which is the approximate upper limit of normal for blood T.S.H. T.S.H. values obtained on dried blood correlated well with those obtained on serum from the same subjects. Duplication of the assay in a single sample is not necessary. This method picked up a case of primary hypothyroidism in a four-year-old girl with symptoms. Since the technique is simple and sensitive enough for the detection of hypothyroidism, it could be valuable in mass-screening for congenital hypothyroidism.

Adult↗

Studies on the state of tyrosyl residues in a ribonuclease from seminal vesicles.

In order to study the state of tyrosyl residues in a ribouuclease from bovine semina vesicles [EC 3.1.4.22, RNase Vs1] several lines of experiments were carried out. Spectrophotometric titration of RNase Vs1 indicated that two out of 8 tyrosine residues were titrated very easily and their apparent pKa values were about 9.8. Next, about 4 residues were titrated at pH up to 13.5. The remaining 2 residues were titrated time-dependently at pH 13.5. In 8 M urea, about 6 tyrosine residues were titrated with apparent pK4 values of about 11.2 and about 2 residues were titrated time-dependently at pH 13.5. Acetylation of RNase Vs1 with N-acetylimidazole was studied at pH 7.5. In aqueous solution, about 1.1-3.5 tyrosine residues were acetylated, depending on the experimental conditions, and in 8 M urea, 5.3 tyrosine residues were modified. RNase Vs1 was nitrated with tetranitromethane at pH 7.5. In aqueous solution, about 2.5 tyrosine residues were nitrated very easily; the enzymatic activity of the modified enzymes was 130-200% of that of the native enzyme. In 8 M urea, the reactivity of the tyrosine residues increased and about 4-5.5 residues were modified. The results of chemical modification and spectrophotometric titration indicated that about two tyrosine residues in RNase Vs1 were exposed to the solvent and were more reactive to various reagents, and 3-4 tyrosine residues were less reactive. The final 2 residues were not accessible to the reagent even in the presence of urea, but were titraten at pH 13.5. The solvent perturbation difference spectrum using ethylene glycol as a perturbant indicated that about 4 tyrosine residues were perturbed. When the pH of the enzyme solution was changed from 7.0 to 1.0, the change in optical density of RNase Vs1 due to denaturation blue shift was about 1,600 at 287nm. The optical density change at 287 nm of native RNase Vs1 on exposure to 8 M urea and 6 M guanidine-HCl indicated that the environments of 2-3 and 4 tyrosine residues were changed by the addition of the denaturants, urea and guanidine-HCl, respectively. In RNase Vs1 having about four nitrotyrosine residues, the two most inaccessible tyrosine residues remained resistant to titration with alkali. On adding nucleotide, nitrated RNase Vs1 gave a difference spectrum in the ultraviolet region but not in 320-460 nm region, where nitrotyrosine residues absorb light. This may indicate that tyrosine residues located relatively near the surface of the molecule are not perturbed directly by nucleotide binding.

Acetylation↗

Purification and properties of a new ribonuclease from Aspergillus saitoi.

From a commercial digestive produced from Aspergillus saitoi, a ribonuclease [EC 3.1.4.23] having a molecular weight of 12,500 has been isolated in addition to the RNase reported previously, which had a molecular weight of 38,000. The enzyme was found to be homogeneous by chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, disc electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel, and ultracentrifugation. The NH2-terminal amino acid was identified as glutamic acid. The amino acid composition indicated the presence of about 13 tyrosyl residues, 3 histidyl residues, and 2 half-cystine residues. The pH optimum of the RNase was 4.5, using RNA as a substrate. The enzyme was stable on heating at 70 degrees for 5 min from pH 2 to 10. It hydrolysed RNA completely to mononucleotides via 2', 3'-cyclic nucleotides. The rates of release of nucleotides and 2', 3'-cyclic nucleotides were in the order: guanylic acid is greater than adenylic acid is greater than cytidylic acid is greater than uridylic acid.

Amino Acids↗

Renaturation of yeast inorganic pyrophosphatase denatured in urea and guanidine hydrochloride.

The renaturation of yeast inorganic pyrophosphatase [EC 3.6.1.1] (PPiase) denatured in guanidine-HCl and urea was studied. The molecular weight of PPiase was estimated to be ca. 63,000-70,000 by means of Sephadex G-75 column chromatography in 8 M urea and 6 M guanidine-HCl and by electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel containing 8 M urea. The activities of PPiase denatured in various concentrations of denaturants were measured in the presence and absence of the denaturants. In the presence of the denaturants, enzymatic activity decreased as the denaturant concentration increased up to 1.5 M guanidine-HCl and 4 7 urea. The activities of PPiase denatured in these denaturants were not restored by dilution with buffer. However, the enzymatic activities of PPiase denatured at concentrations higher than 1.5 M guanidine-HCl and 4 M urea were restored by dilution with Tris-HCl buffer (pH 7.5). The recovery of the enzymatic activities of PPiase denatured in 3 to 6 M guanidine-HCl and 6 to 8 M urea was to a level of about 90% of the native enzyme. Irreversible denaturation of PPiase in lower denaturant concentrations was prevented in the presence of sulfhydryl reagents, dithiothreitol, glutathione, and 2-mercaptoethanol. In irreversibly denatured PPiase, the amount of free SH groups decreased markedly. These results indicated that in lower denaturant concentrations, SH groups in PPiase are very oxidizable and their oxidation may cause irreversible denaturation. In higher denaturant concentrations where PPiase was denatured completely, the SH groups became less reactive. The conformations of renatured PPiases was investigated by means of N-bromosuccinimide oxidation, fluorescence emission spectra and circular dichroism spectra. The PPiase denatured in 6 M guanidine-HCl showed fully restored native conformation, as checked by these methods, although renatured PPiase gave a trough in the 280 nm region of slightly less magnitude than that of PPiase. On the other hand, PPiase denatured in 8 M urea showed restored enzymatic activity, but restoration of its conformation was incomplete as compared to PPiase denatured in 6 M guanidine-HCl. PPiase renatured from material denatured in lower denaturant concentrations, such as 4 M urea and 1.5 M guanidine-HCl, had quite a different conformation from the native enzyme as judged from CD spectra, N-bromosuccinimide oxidation and fluorescence spectra. Differences in PPiases denatured in urea and guanidine-HCl were discussed in connection with the possible modification of amino groups in PPiase by cyanate ions.

Bromosuccinimide↗