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Biomedical subjects

M Inagaki

Publications and source records attributed to M Inagaki.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[New endoscopic laser treatment for unilateral vocal cord paralysis after pulmonary resection].

In two patients who had developed aspiration due to left recurrent laryngeal nerve injury during radical resection for lung cancer, low power Nd:YAG laser irradiation of the paralyzed vocal cord was performed through a bronchofiberscope. With irradiation, the paralyzed vocal cords of both patients swelled and became fixed at the median portion of the glottis. Thereafter, aspiration disappeared. Thus, this new application of Nd:YAG laser irradiation is apparently quite useful in treating aspiration due to unilateral vocal cord paralysis immediately after pulmonary resection.

Bronchoscopy↗
PubMed1993

Phosphorylation of a 62 kd porcine alpha-internexin, a newly identified intermediate filament protein.

A 62 kd protein was purified from the Triton-insoluble fraction of porcine brain white matter. This protein formed 10nm filaments, in vitro. The phosphorylation of the 62 kd protein by cAMP-dependent protein kinase caused electrophoretic mobility to shift to 66 kd on SDS-PAGE and a complete loss of the filament forming ability ensued. Amino acid sequences of four peptide fragments obtained from the 62 kd protein by lysylendopeptidase were identical with that of a 66 kd rat brain alpha-internexin. Amino acid analyses of the phosphopeptide fragment derived from phosphorylated porcine alpha-internexin revealed that the phosphorylation sites by cAMP-dependent protein kinase located in the amino-terminal head domain of this protein. These results strongly suggest that alpha-internexin polymerizes into 10nm filaments in vitro and that phosphorylation of the amino-terminal domain of alpha-internexin controls its polymerizability.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Phosphorylation of synthetic vimentin peptides by cdc2 kinase.

Synthetic peptide representing the site Ser-41 in vimentin, Leu-Gly-Ser41-Ala42-Leu-Arg44-Arg-Arg-NH2, and its analogs in which Ala-42 was replaced by various amino acids were tested as substrates for cdc2 kinase. Among them, the analog containing sarcosine as well as proline was an excellent substrate. The result suggests that the N-substituted structure of proline immediately following the site is important for cdc2 kinase phosphorylation. Replacement of Ala-42 by polar amino acids, especially lysine, had negative effects on peptide phosphorylation. The peptides in this study were also assayed with another type of proline-directed protein kinase, tau protein kinase II. The substrate specificity differed essentially from that of cdc2 kinase.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Growth inhibition by transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) type I is restored in TGF-beta-resistant hepatoma cells after expression of TGF-beta receptor type II cDNA.

The growth of human hepatoma Hep 3B cells is potently inhibited by TGF-beta 1 (ID50 = 0.2 ng/ml, 8 pM). A mutant cell line was derived that was not inhibited in growth by TGF-beta 1 at 5 ng/ml (200 pM) and that lacked TGF-beta receptor type II (TGF-beta RII) gene. Transfection of the cloned cDNA for human TGF-beta RII to this mutant cell line restored receptor expression as well as the inhibition in growth by TGF-beta 1. In both wild-type and mutant cells stably transfected with TGF-beta RII cDNA, TGF-beta RII coimmunoprecipitated with TGF-beta receptor type I in the presence of ligand. These experiments provide direct evidence for the role of TGF-beta RII in the inhibitory effect of TGF-beta on growth and suggest that TGF-beta RII acts by means of a heteromeric surface complex with TGF-beta receptor type I.

Affinity Labels↗
PubMed1993

Lysosomal glycosphingolipid storage in chloroquine-induced alpha-galactosidase-deficient human endothelial cells with transformation by simian virus 40: in vitro model of Fabry disease.

Human umbilical venous endothelial cells were transformed with a temperature-sensitive mutant of simian virus 40, tsA640, and a cell line, subcultured for over 20 serial passages, was established at a temperature permissive for the virus. Treatment of transformed endothelium with 3 micrograms/ml chloroquine caused a specific reduction of alpha-galactosidase activity, without cell injury, and revealed several electron-dense materials surrounded by single unit membranes. Crystalline lamellae in lysosomes with a periodicity of 6.5 nm, which are typically seen in various tissues in Fabry disease, were produced in the presence of a glycosphingolipid mixture. These cells should be useful for in vitro pathophysiological studies on Fabry endothelium.

Cell Transformation, Viral↗
PubMed1993

Intracranial calcification in siblings with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: CT and MRI.

Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were used to examine three male siblings with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI). The two elder brothers had varying degrees of unusual intracranial calcification; the eldest also showed involvement of the cerebral white matter on MRI. The severity of intracranial calcification was related to the time before initiation of treatment and inversely to mental ability. Brain damage and mental retardation in NDI may be caused by a delay in initiating treatment; early detection and treatment are important to prevent brain damage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Role of calcium ions in dopamine release induced by sodium cyanide perfusion in rat striatum.

We have previously reported a transient and remarkable increase in dopamine (DA) release in the rat striatum during application of 2 mM sodium cyanide (NaCN) through a brain microdialysis membrane. In the present study we examined the involvement of extracellular Ca2+ in this response. Rats were divided into 4 groups. In the NaCN group a microdialysis probe inserted into the striatum was perfused with Ringer's solution containing 2 mM NaCN for 60 min. The Ca2+ free + NaCN group was subjected to perfusion with NaCN dissolved in Ca2+ free Ringer's solution, and the CdCl2 + NaCN group with the same plus 0.3 mM CdCl2 (a non-specific Ca2+ channel blocker). In the NaCN and Ca2+ free + NaCN groups DA levels in the dialysates increased to 36- and 44-fold of the control level, respectively, while this was suppressed to only a 16-fold increase in the CdCl2 + NaCN group. In response to a 100 mM KCl perfusion given 3 hr later DA levels were increased (22-fold) in the control group. On the other hand this response was inhibited in the NaCN group (3-fold), but not in the other two groups. An in vitro study with striatal slices showed a gradual increase in intracellular Ca2+ during incubation with 2 mM NaCN. These results suggest that excessive influx of extracellular Ca2+ during NaCN perfusion may contribute partly to the increase in the extracellular DA level in the striatum, and also to the suppression of a DA increase in response to high K+ stimulation observed 3 hr later.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Phase I/II trial of didanosine (2',3'-dideoxyinosine) in hemophiliac patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex.

Forty-three hemophiliacs with AIDS or ARC received a daily dose of 334 or 500 mg didanosine (2',3'-dideoxyinosine or ddI) orally in 2 divided doses in phase I/II, open-label clinical trial conducted in Japan. Twenty-eight patients completed 6 months of therapy. There was an increase in circulating CD4(+) cells in 19 valuable patients from 91 +/- 25 (mean +/- SE) at entry to 131 +/- 38 at 24 weeks of therapy P = 0.01; Wilcoxon signed rank). Fourteen of 37 patients met the criteria for CD4 rise >/= 50/mm3 rise or >/= 50% increase from entry values) for more than 4 consecutive weeks. Twenty patients were p24 positive at entry. Nine out of the 10 evaluable patients (90%) showed a decline in p24 antigen at weeks 20-24 (P = 0.02). Thirty-five patients had symptoms related to HIV-1 infection at entry. Twenty-seven patients reported improvements in constitutional symptoms during therapy. Nine patients presented with possible drug-related adverse effects, and didanosine was discontinued in 6 patients (one each with edema; abdominal pain with anorexia; hematuria with edema and rash; sense of abdominal distension with anorexia; diarrhea and abdominal pain; and irritability). One patient had a transient increase in serum amylase level to twice the upper limit of normal, but he continued to receive the drug. These data suggest that didanosine was generally well tolerated in hemophiliacs with AIDS or ARC, and its administration correlated with improvement in constitutional symptoms and laboratory findings. The adverse effects of didanosine seen in this population were moderate to mild, and no complications related to hemorrhagic diathesis were observed, although the relative risk of acute pancreatitis in this population (while not seen in the present study to date) requires more study.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1993

Preparation and optical characteristics of hemoglobin-free isolated perfused rat head in situ.

Using a new cannulation method, which completely prevented interruption of circulation to brain tissue during surgical operations, we could prepare a functionally intact hemoglobin-free isolated perfused rat head in situ. The frequency distribution (8-25 Hz) and amplitude of a spontaneous electroencephalogram, EEG (50 microV), were kept within the normal ranges for up to 4 h after the perfusion was started. Our preparation gave characteristic flash-evoked EEG responses through the eyes. The administration of bicuculline elicited an epileptic seizure similar to that in normal rats. Near-infrared difference spectra of the rat head obtained on an aerobic to anaerobic transition were similar to those of cytochrome oxidase in isolated mitochondria as well as in the purified state. Under the aerobic perfusion conditions, both heme a+a3 and copper in cytochrome oxidase were in the fully oxidized states, showing that normoxia was maintained in the brain tissue. The redox behaviors of these two chromophores in the brain were identical to those observed in isolated mitochondria. The usefulness of brain perfusion for bridging in vitro and in vivo studies is well documented.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Identification of F344 rat hepatocytes transplanted within the liver of congenic analbuminemic rats by the polymerase chain reaction.

Hepatocytes isolated from F344 rats were transplanted into the liver of congenic albumin-deficient rats (Nagase's analbuminemic rats NAR]) by infusion into the mesenteric vein. Both albumin-positive hepatocytes in the liver and the serum albumin level increased proportionally to the number of the infused F344 hepatocytes in the recipients. However, there was no such increase in the control rats which had received transplantation of NAR hepatocytes. After the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-mediated analysis of cDNA and genomic DNA of the recipient livers, the implantation of the F344 hepatocytes was confirmed by the increase in normal albumin mRNA and the presence of 7 bp which are missing in the NAR albumin gene. Although treatment of NAR with the 2-acetylaminofluorene diet turned albumin-negative hepatocytes to positive ones, the sequence of the normal albumin gene could not be identified in the NAR liver. This study demonstrates that the hepatocytes infused into the portal vein are readily organized into the host liver parenchyma and continue to produce albumin.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Progressive encephalopathy associated with cytomegalovirus infection without immune deficiency.

Slowly progressive encephalopathy caused by cytomegalovirus is an unusual disorder, and its pathogenesis remains unknown except for cases associated with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome and organ transplantation. We report a case who showed clinical features of progressive encephalopathy. Cytomegalovirus was repeatedly isolated from urine, and cytomegalovirus-infected cells were detected in bone marrow. Serial computed tomographic head scan revealed periventricular calcification and its progression to the thalamus, cerebellum, and brain stem. On autopsy, there were multiple calcifications and diffuse glial proliferation in the gray and white matter. Perivascular inflammation was only minimal. There was no evidence of immune deficiency. This case suggests that progressive encephalopathy can be caused by cytomegalovirus infection without immune deficiency. This type of cytomegalovirus infection may be unusual, but its serious outcome should remind us to detect it accurately.

Brain↗
PubMed1993

Sustained increase in adrenergic activity in gerbil striatum following transient ischemia.

We investigated the changes in striatal monoaminergic functions, focusing on the release and metabolism, in a cerebral ischemic model induced by a 5-min bilateral occlusion of the carotid arteries (BOCA) and reperfusion in anesthetized gerbils. In the microdialysis study, the striatal extracellular level of dopamine (DA) markedly increased (144-fold) immediately after BOCA. Although norepinephrine (NE) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) could not be detected in the dialysates throughout the baseline period, they increased to detectable levels after BOCA. On the contrary, the tissue contents of NE and 5-HT decreased or tended to decrease up to 4 hr following reperfusion. Striatal DA contents did not show any changes in the early period after ischemia-reperfusion and slightly increased at 4 hr or later. Tissue contents of 3-methoxytyramine (3-MT), a metabolite of DA by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), increased 0 and 5 min after reperfusion. Normethanephrine (NMN), which is a metabolite of NE by COMT, also increased not only 5 min after but also up to 4 hr after ischemia-reperfusion, indicating a sustained increase in NE release. These results suggested that the neuronal activity of NE, which is supposed to exert a protective effect on ischemic damage, was enhanced for a longer period than that of DA after transient ischemia.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

An increase in superoxide generation of bronchoalveolar lavage fluids in the model of late asthmatic response in guinea pigs.

To clarify the possible role of superoxide anion of bronchoalveolar cells in the pathogenesis of late asthmatic response (LAR), I performed an allergen inhalation test using a guinea pig LAR model and estimated subsequent changes in activities of superoxide generation in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALFs). Significant increases in superoxide generation of BALFs occurred not only immediately, but 6 hr after ovalbumin inhalation challenge in the LAR model, and the increased levels were prolonged 24 hr later. The present results suggest that significant increases in superoxide anion of the respiratory cells were involved in the antigen-induced late responsiveness of bronchial asthma.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Respiratory changes in the blood flow pattern of the superior vena cava in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases].

Blood flow patterns in the superior vena cava (SVC) obtained from 20 elderly cases of COPD (aged 60-81) were compared with those from 24 elderly normal subjects (aged 61-80). The peak flow velocity and duration of two major antegrade flows during systole and diastole (S & D wave) were both qualitatively and quantitatively assessed with pulsed Doppler echocardiography. While peak flow velocity and duration of the S and D waves increased during inspiration and decreased during expiration in normal subjects, respiratory variations of these antegrade waves were extremely greater in patients with COPD with augmented and/or fused antegrade waves during inspiration, and there decrease was associated with an upward shift above the zero level during expiration. The duration of the D wave was significantly longer in COPD patients than in normal subjects and also revealed a significantly positive correlation with FEV1.0%. These findings suggest that SVC flow pattern is useful for the assessment of early right ventricular dysfunction in patients with COPD, but further clinical studies are required to confirm this thesis.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Visualization of phosphorylation events occurring in the intermediate filaments].

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is a component of glial filaments specific to astroglia. We now report the spatial and temporal distributions of four phosphorylated sites in the GFAP molecule during mitosis of astroglial cells, determined by antibodies which can distinguish phosphorylated-epitopes from non-phosphorylated-epitopes. Immunofluorescence microscopy showed that the Ser-8 residues in the entire cytoplasmic glial filament system are initially phosphorylated when the cells enter mitosis. In cytokinesis, the phospho Ser-8 residues become dephosphorylated, whereas Thr-7, Ser-13 and Ser-34 in glial filaments at the cleavage furrow become the preferred sites of phosphorylation. These results suggest that multiple glial filament kinases are activated with different time schedules in astroglial cells.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗