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Biomedical subjects

M Imamura

Publications and source records attributed to M Imamura.

At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Retrosternal esophagogastrostomy with the EEA stapler.

We performed an anastomosis of the cervical esophagus to the retrosternally shifted gastric tube with a new technique. The technique was applied successively to ten patients undergoing distal subtotal esophagectomy for carcinoma of the esophagus. In every patient, the technique was done easily and anastomoses were completed without any leakage, bleeding or stricture.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[Surgical management of perianal lesions in Crohn's disease].

Perianal lesions associated with Crohn's disease are often intractable and require surgical intervention. Among 28 patients surgically treated in our department, 16 patients manifested perianal complications consisted of four periproctal abscesses, eight anal fistulas, three skin tags and one anal fissure. The incidence of perianal lesions was higher in ileocolic type than in colic and ileal type. In half of our patients perianal lesions preceded the diagnosis of Crohn's disease, and they often gave the important clue for the diagnosis. The perianal lesions seemed to be independent of the activity of the intestinal lesions. The surgical treatments for the perianal lesions were performed on 13 patients and the results were satisfactory in most cases. But the results were very poor in four patients with rectal involvement. Two of them were obliged to undergo proctectomy because of the severely diseased anorectal lesions. Therefore radical surgery should be considered in patients whose perianal lesions are quiescent, and the severity of the rectal lesion was considered to be the major factor which decides the prognosis of the patients.

Abscess↗
PubMed1986

Morphology of the human and dog spleen with special reference to intrasplenic microcirculation.

The terminal structure of splenic arterial capillaries, studied by scanning transmission electron microscopy, provided a three-dimensional view of the microarchitecture of human and dog spleens. There are reports that the terminal arterial capillaries end "openly" in the cord, however, our microphotographs indicate the possibility of a closed circulation in humans and dogs. In the human spleen, we found two types of arterial capillaries, one with a flat and continuous endothelium, and the other with discontinuous rod-shaped endothelial cells and a sheath-like structure. The microarchitecture and the termination of these arterial capillaries differ markedly among species.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

The activity of suppressor cells in the spleen of murine bone marrow chimeras.

An intrasplenic injection (i.s.) of BALB/c bone marrow cells induces a higher survival rate than an intravenous injection (i.v.) in irradiated C3H/He recipients. Coculture experiments revealed the presence of alloantigen-specific and nonspecific suppressor cells in the spleens of mice injected i.s. and i.v. Suppressor activity decreased 50-60 days after bone marrow transplantation in i.v. chimeras, while there was no decrease in i.s. chimeras. In vitro suppressor activity was correlated with in vivo activity. Histopathological changes in the liver were examined. A total of 28% of the i.v. chimeras showed severe changes compared with 6% of the i.s. chimeras. The spleen indices of i.v. and i.s. chimeras were compared. Although there was no statistically significant difference between the spleen indices of i.v. chimeras and those of i.s. chimeras, spleen indices of i.v. chimeras tended to be higher than those of i.s. chimeras. These results show that suppressor cells in i.s. chimeras appear to inhibit graft-versus-host reactions more efficiently. Furthermore, an adoptive transfer assay showed that suppressor cells detected in i.s. chimeras were effective in vivo. We therefore suggest that suppressor cells detected in vitro correlate with in vivo activity and may play some role in the induction and maintenance of transplantation tolerance.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Synthesis and antibacterial activities of optically active ofloxacin.

Two optically active (100% enantiomeric excess) isomers of ofloxacin [(+/-)-ofloxacin; DL-8280; (+/-)-9-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-7 H-pyrido[1,2,3-de] [1,4] benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid] were prepared by use of their optically resolved synthetic intermediates. One of the isomers, (-)-ofloxacin, was 8 to 128 times more potent in inhibiting the multiplication of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria than the other, (+)-ofloxacin, and approximately two times more active than the racemate, (+/-)-ofloxacin.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1986

Inhibitory effects of antithyroid drugs on oxygen radical formation in human neutrophils.

The effects of antithyroid drugs and related agents on human neutrophil function were studied. Neutrophil function was mainly assessed through oxygen radical formation as determined by chemiluminescence (CL) response, superoxide anion (O-2) generation and hydrogen peroxide production. Propylthiouracil (PTU) at a therapeutic concentration (10 micrograms/ml) inhibited CL response evoked by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and other stimulators. The inhibitory effect was not enhanced by pre-incubation of neutrophils with PTU and not exerted through a direct cytotoxic effect of the drug. It was not related to the kind of stimulators to evoke CL response in neutrophils either. However, the inhibitory effect disappeared when PTU was removed from the reaction mixture for CL response. PTU did not inhibit O-2 generation but markedly inhibited hydrogen peroxide production in neutrophils or activity of hydrogen peroxide in vitro. Morphologically, the unique change of cellular configuration of chemotactic neutrophils caused by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) was not influenced with PTU. Since hydrogen peroxide is mainly derived from O-2, these observations suggest that PTU may have a scavenger effect on hydrogen peroxide activity. Inhibition of CL response in neutrophils was also demonstrated with methimazole (MMI), thiouracil and thiourea, but not with imidazole and uracil, which suggests that their inhibitory effect on CL response in neutrophils may be closely related to the antithyroid activity.

Antithyroid Agents↗
PubMed1986

Studies of sex-steroid-binding plasma protein (SBP) in Graves' disease before and under antithyroid drug therapy.

The serum concentration of sex-steroid-binding plasma protein (SBP) was measured with radioimmunoassay for 92 patients with Graves' disease, 36 males and 56 females, as well as 92 age- and sex-matched controls. In 24 male patients with hyperthyroidism, the mean SBP concentration was 6.4 +/- 0.2 (mean +/- SD) microgram/ml, whereas it was 2.3 +/- 0.2 micrograms/ml for the controls. The mean SBP concentration in 28 female patients with hyperthyroidism was 7.4 +/- 0.6 micrograms/ml, whereas it was 3.2 +/- 0.6 micrograms/ml for the controls. In Graves patients who were euthyroid following treatment, SBP levels were decreased near normal in both sexes. There was a significant correlation between T4 and SBP concentrations as well as between T3 and SBP concentrations in patients with Graves' disease in both sexes, with a better correlation in females. Increased SBP in untreated Graves' disease initiated to decline within a month following administration of antithyroid drugs, taking over 3 months to decline to the normal range.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Suppressor cells detected in murine bone marrow chimeras.

Bone marrow cells from BALB/c mice were transplanted into lethally X-irradiated C3H/He mice, either intravenously (i.v.) or intrasplenically (i.s.). Chimeras created by intrasplenic transplantation (designated i.s. chimeras) showed a higher survival rate than chimeras created by intravenous transplantation (designated i.v. chimeras). During the course of the study on the mechanisms which caused such a difference, suppressor cells were detected in the spleen of i.s. chimeras by means of MLR co-culture assay and CTL assay. Although these cells were also detected in i.v. chimeras, time course study of the suppressor activity against donor anti-host MLR in i.v. and i.s. chimeras showed some difference. Namely, the suppressor activity in the i.s. chimeras was more constant than that in the i.v. chimeras. This difference may induce a beneficial effect of i.s. bone marrow transplantation.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Comparative studies of human natural IFN-alpha, IFN-beta and IFN-gamma with regard to their effects on in vitro immune responses].

Interferon (IFN) is known to affect a variety of immune responses apart from its well-established antiviral and antineoplastic effects. Three human IFN species: IFN-alpha, IFN-beta and IFN-gamma are now clinically available as a result of recent rapid improvements in IFN technology. In view of only the scanty data presently available concerning comparative studies among IFNs with regard to their effects on immune regulation, this report deals comparatively with natural IFN-alpha, IFN-beta and IFN-gamma (all products of Green Cross) with respect to their effects on natural killer cell (NK) activity, chemiluminescence (CL) of fractionated NK cells, lymphoproliferative response induced by PHA, PWM and Staphylococcus aureus COWAN-1 (SAC), and IL-2 production under stimulation with PHA (1:1000). Comparison among IFNs for these immune responses was performed with the same level of antiviral activity (IU). NK activity in the peripheral blood was enhanced in the presence of IFN of all species: to the same extent with IFN-alpha and IFN-beta, but significantly less for IFN-gamma as compared with the former. CL of NK cells to IFN was again similar in extent for IFN-alpha and -beta, but less for IFN-gamma. Inhibition of PHA and PWM blastogenesis was similar for IFN-alpha and -beta but less for IFN-gamma as shown previously. SAC blastogenesis of both peripheral lymphocytes and tonsillar B cells was enhanced in the presence of IFN-gamma but not in the presence of IFN-alpha or -beta. IL-2 production of peripheral lymphocytes by PHA (1:1000) was dose-relatedly enhanced in the presence of IFN-gamma but not in the presence of IFN-gamma or -beta.

Cells, Cultured↗