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Biomedical subjects

M Ilyas

Publications and source records attributed to M Ilyas.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Late stenosis of an aortorenal bypass graft fashioned from pericardium.

Renal artery stenosis (RAS), especially secondary to fibromuscular dysplasia, is a curable cause of hypertension in children. Although aortorenal bypass was the preferred treatment for this disease twenty years ago, newer techniques are available. We report a 27-year-old patient who, at 7 years of age, had severe hypertension secondary to RAS in a solitary kidney. Aortorenal bypass with an autologous pericardial graft resulted in normal blood pressure for 20 years until the pericardial graft thrombosed. Normal blood pressure has again been achieved following resection of the stenotic renal artery with reanastomosis to the aorta.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1996

Bcl-2 expression in colorectal tumors: evidence of different pathways in sporadic and ulcerative-colitis-associated carcinomas.

Colorectal cancers (CRCs) differ in their age at presentation, distribution, histological features, and prognosis. If tumor biology reflects genetic events, these tumors might be expected to show differences in their genetic pathways. In this study, we investigated the role of Bcl-2 in the development of three different tumor groups. Using markers at eight different microsatellite locl, we characterized one group of 34 left-sided sporadic CRCs as replication error negative (RER-) and another group of 18 left-sided sporadic CRCs as replication error positive (RER+). These tumors, together with a third group of 22 left-sided ulcerative-colitis-associated CRCs (UCACRCs), were then examined by immunohistochemistry for Bcl-2 overexpression. Of 34 of the RER- tumors, 21 (62%) and 10 of 18 (56%) of the RER+ tumors were positive for Bcl-2 overexpression. In contrast, only 5 of 22 (23%) of the UCACRCs showed similar overexpression. Our results show a significantly lower frequency of Bcl-2 overexpression in UCACRCs as compared with sporadic CRCs (P < 0.005) but no difference between sporadic left-sided RER+ and RER- CRCs. These data provide additional evidence that UCACRCs may develop along a pathway that is different from that of sporadic CRCs.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1996

Radiological manifestations of primary gout.

Gout is an ancient disease not uncommonly seen in radiological practice. Twenty-two patients of suspected gout were examined over a period of 11 years (1984-1995). There were 20 males and 2 females with ages between 35-70 years. First metatarsophalangeal joint was involved in 18 patients. Tophaceous deposits in hands were seen in one, whereas another patient had urate deposit in the lateral condyle of the humerus. One patient had opaque renal stones bilaterally and lucent stones in the right kidney, confirmed by ultrasound, were observed in one case. All of the patients had hyperuricemia. A definite family history was recorded in only three cases. Two patients in the present series were diabetic.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, coeliac disease, and Epstein-Barr virus: a study of 13 cases of enteropathy-associated T- and B-cell lymphoma.

A group of 166 patients with coeliac disease was followed for a period of up to 25 years. During this time, 17 patients developed intestinal tumours that were diagnosed as lymphoma, of which 15 cases were available for review. Eleven of the lymphomas were of T-cell type (enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma, EATL) and two were of B-cell type. Two cases were reclassified as undifferentiated carcinoma. The interval between the diagnosis of enteropathy and the onset of lymphoma varied from less than 2 months in four patients to more than 5 years in seven. Seven of the T-cell and both B-cell lymphomas were investigated for the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) by in situ hybridization (ISH) using probes against Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNAs (EBERs) and by immunohistochemistry with EBV-specific monoclonal antibodies. All EATL cases were negative, suggesting that EBV is not an important factor in these cases. In one of the B-cell cases, EBV was detectable by ISH and immunohistochemistry in most tumour cells in the mesenteric lymph nodes, but not in any of the tumour cells in the primary ileal tumour, indicating that in this case EBV infection was a late event in the neoplastic process. These results show that lymphoma may develop any time after the onset of coeliac disease and that in our cases of EATL, EBV was not an important factor. In some cases of EBV-related neoplasia, virus infection may be a late event.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

The use of the polymerase chain reaction in the diagnosis of B-cell lymphomas from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue.

In this study the use of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect monoclonality in B-cell lymphoid proliferations in archival formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue was assessed. Using consensus primers against the framework 3 (FR 3) region of the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene (IgH), PCR analysis was performed on 29 low grade B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Cases of benign lymphoid hyperplasia served as polyclonal controls. Sequenced cases of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia served as positive controls. In the lymphomas, monoclonality could be demonstrated in 18 of 29 (62%) cases. Only five of 11 (45%) follicle centre cell lymphomas were positive by this method whilst the success rate for the remainder was 13 of 18 (72%). None of the polyclonal controls gave false positive results although occasional non-specific dominant bands were present which disappeared on repeating the experiments. These results show that this method will identify monoclonality in 62% of low grade B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas in archival material. The success rate is increased to 72% if follicle centre cell lymphomas are excluded. Thus, this method is a useful adjunctive test to aid diagnosis in lymphoid infiltrates when standard morphology and immunohistochemistry are equivocal.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1995

p53 expression in ulcerative colitis: a longitudinal study.

p53 Mutation is a late event in the development of sporadic colorectal carcinoma (CRC). The timing of p53 mutations in the development of ulcerative colitis associated colorectal carcinoma (UCACRC) is, however, less certain and some reports suggest that it may be a relatively early event. This study sought to establish the timing of p53 mutations in neoplasia arising in ulcerative colitis. Blocks of 10 resected colorectal specimens from patients who had had a biopsy positive for dysplasia at least one year prior to resection were retrieved from the archives of St Mark's Hospital. Immunochemistry using the monoclonal antibody DO-7, specific for both mutant and wild type p53, was performed on sections from both the resection specimens and dysplastic biopsy specimens. Seven of the 10 resection specimens were positive for p53. Two of these seven specimens showed p53 overexpression in specimens taken two years before the development of carcinoma or high grade dysplasia. Five of the seven specimens were negative for p53 overexpression between one and four years prior to resection. These results suggest that p53 overexpression is usually a late event in the development of UCACRCs.

Colitis, Ulcerative↗
PubMed1991

Transmission of Salmonella worthington by oropharyngeal suction in hospital neonatal unit.

An outbreak of Salmonella worthington infection in a neonatal unit occurred in a pediatric ward of Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. The index case was a prematurely born male child from whose clinical specimens S. worthington was recovered. After this finding 40 infants kept in that nursery were included in an investigation. Major symptoms were diarrhea, septicemia and jaundice. Three developed meningitis. Disease morbidity rate was 45% and mortality occurred in 16.6% of the total positive cases. The source of infection was traced to a contaminated rubber tubing of a suction apparatus which was used for oropharyngeal suction of the babies. S. worthington was recovered from the clinical specimens of all 18 babies who received suction. Multiple drug resistance of these S. worthington strains was found.

Cross Infection↗
PubMed1988

Medically important solar ultraviolet A. Radiation measurements.

Results from a 6-year study of solar ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation measurements at the equatorial location of Penang (5 degrees N) are presented. On clear days, the diurnal flux reaches a very high dosage of about 3.0 x 10(-2) KWHM-2 around midday. The average daily total flux is in the range of 1.6 x 10(-1) KWHM-2 and does not change much seasonally. The high 83% cloud cover only reduces the incoming flux to about half. The radiation flux represents a lower limit of the incident UVA radiation applicable to much of the equatorial/tropical region.

Atmosphere↗