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Biomedical subjects

M Ikeda

Publications and source records attributed to M Ikeda.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Intrapericardiac instillation of epirubicin for carcinomatous cardiac tamponade from breast cancer].

Three cases of carcinomatous cardiac tamponade from breast cancer are presented. All patients have had another recurrence and history of treatment. Though the prognoses were considered to be unfavorable, pericardiac drainage and the instillation of epirubicin were effective. Side effects of fever and dyspnea were experienced temporarily by two patients with no serious events. Following the systemic chemotherapy, two patients needed no supplemental drainage. All patients had a sufficient quality of life for about 1 year or longer. We found that positive therapy can be significant for such patients with advanced disease.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[Expandable metallic stent for the treatment of left-sided colonic obstruction with malignant disease].

Recently, it was reported that an EMS (expandable metallic stent) was useful for treatment of colorectal obstruction. In our department, EMSs were used for seven patients with left-sided colonic obstruction with unresectable malignant disease. After these treatments with EMS, their symptoms were improved and they were able to intake food. Stomal formation was avoided except in one patient with severe soiling. In conclusion, EMS is thought to be useful for the improvement of quality of life in the patients with unresectable malignant colonic obstruction.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Clock genes outside the suprachiasmatic nucleus involved in manifestation of locomotor activity rhythm in rats.

Chronic treatment of methamphetamine (MAP) in rats desynchronized the locomotor activity rhythm from the light-dark cycle. When the activity rhythm was completely phase-reversed with respect to a light dark-cycle, 24 h profiles were examined for the clock gene (rPer1, rPer2, rBMAL1, rClock) expressions in several brain structures by in situ hybridization, and for the pineal as well as plasma melatonin levels. In the MAP-treated rats, the rPer1 expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) showed a robust circadian rhythm which was essentially identical to that in the control rats. Circadian rhythms in pineal as well as plasma melatonin were not changed significantly in the MAP-treated rats. However, robust circadian rhythms in the rPer1, rPer2 and rBMAL1 expressions detected in the caudate-putamen (CPU) and parietal cortex were completely phase-reversed in the MAP-treated rats, compared with those in the control rats, indicating desynchronization from the SCN rhythm. Such desynchronization was not observed in the circadian rhythms of clock gene expression in the nucleus accumbens and cingulate cortex. The circadian rClock expression rhythm in the MAP-treated rats was not phase-reversed in the CPU and parietal cortex. These findings indicate that the locomotor activity rhythm in rats is directly driven by the pacemaker outside the SCN, in which rPer1, rPer2 and rBMAL1 in the CPU and parietal cortex are involved.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Evaluation of the diagnostic reagents which detect rotavirus and adenovirus with the immunochromatographical method].

Dipstick 'Eiken' Rota and Dipstick 'Eiken' Adeno were the reagents used for the diagnosis of viral acute gastroenteritis using the immunochromatographical method. Dipstick 'Eiken' Rota and Dipstick 'Eiken' Adeno were evaluated for their sensitivity and specificity. Dipstick 'Eiken' Rota had a capacity to detect a purified rotavirus antigen in a concentration of 50 ng/ml. The sensitivity of Dipstick 'Eiken' Rota was 10 times higher than the sensitivity of the latex agglutination tests (Serodirect 'Eiken' Rota and ROTALEX DRY) and was almost the same as the immunochromatography test (Immu- noCard ST ROTAVIRUS) and the simplified EIA (TESTPACK ROTAVIRUS). With a concentration of 25 ng/ml, Dipstick 'Eiken' Adeno detected a purified adenovirus antigen. Dipstick 'Eiken' Adeno also detected adenovirus antigen in 64 higher dilutions than the latex agglutination test (ADENOLEX DRY). When Dipstick 'Eiken' Rota was compared with Serodirect 'Eiken' Rota among 100 fecal specimens of healthy children and children with viral acute gastroenteritis, the sensitivity was 100.0%, the specificity was 98.0%, and the agreement was 97.0%. When Dipstick 'Eiken' Adeno was compared with ADENOLEX DRY among 55 fecal specimens of healthy children and children with viral acute gastroenteritis, the sensitivity was 100.0 , the specificity was 93.8%, and the agreement was 96.4%. Dipstick 'Eiken' Rota and Dipstick 'Eiken' Adeno are found to be useful diagnostic assays for viral acute gastroenteritis in the clinical laboratories.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed2000

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a patient on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

The patient was a 72-year-old man who was receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) with a diagnosis of chronic renal failure. Although his response to dialysis therapy was favorable, right hypochondralgia and fever occurred, and gallstones were detected by abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography. Drip-infusion cholangiography (DIC) revealed neither dilation nor calculus in the common bile duct. The patient was diagnosed as having acute cholecystitis and cholecystolithiasis and, in consideration of his general condition, laparoscopic cholecystectomy was carried out. Pneumoperitoneum was performed through a CAPD tube, and a 10 mm-trocar was carefully introduced through a supraumbilical incision so as not to injure the CAPD tube. Since intraoperative cholangiography showed a condition similar to preoperative DIC, only cholecystectomy was undertaken. The postoperative course was uneventful, with neither postoperative hemorrhage nor leakage of dialysate from the wound.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Comparative assay of Hepatitis B and C virus infection markers by different assay kits.

In order to compare sensitivity of EIA and RIA assay kits for hepatitis B and C virus (HBV and HCV, respectively) infection markers, 100 serum samples in total were collected form 50 adult women each in urban and rural areas in northeast China. The number of positive cases to the three infection markers on HBV (i.e., HBsAg+, anti-HBs+, and anti-HBc+) and the one on HCV (anti-HCV+) were examined in two laboratories, i.e., in Laboratory A with EIA kits produced in China and in Laboratory B with RIA kits. HCV infection positivity (anti-HCV+) was examined by EIA kits in both laboratories, but from different sources in and outside of China, respectively. The assay in Laboratory A gave 2 HBsAg+ cases out of the 100 cases examined, whereas there were 9 positive cases in Laboratory B. In contrast, 19 cases were positive to anti-HCV when examined in Laboratory A, and there were 3 cases in Laboratory B. Thus, the kits used in Laboratory A gave fewer HBsAg+ and more anti-HCV+ cases than the kits used in Laboratory B. The prevalence of anti-HBs+ or anti-HBc+ and cases did not differ when assayed in the two laboratories with EIA and RIA kits, respectively. The agreement of positive and negative findings between the two sets of testing were 93%, 93%, 93%, 86% and 82% for HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, HBV (i.e., either positive to anyone of the three markers or negative to all three markers), and anti-HCV, respectively. The implication of the observation on epidemiology on HBV and HCV infection prevalence was discussed.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed2000

Hepatitis B and C virus infection among adult women in Jilin Province, China: an urban-rural comparison in prevalence of infection markers.

Twin seroepidemiological surveys on prevalence of hepatitis B and C virus (HBV and HCV, respectively) infection were conducted on 100 adult women in total, 50 each in the provincial capital of Changchun and in a farming village in the vicinity in Jilin Province, northeast China. Positivity to three markers on HBV (ie HBsAg+, anti-HBs+, and anti-HBc+) was examined by RIA methods, and to one on HCV (anti-HCV+) by EIA. The results were evaluated in combination with two foregoing studies in Shandong and Shaanxi Provinces, and with special reference to possible urban-rural differences in prevalence. The prevalence of HBsAg+ cases was rather low (ie 9% when two groups were combined), but that of anti-HBs+ and anti-HBc+ cases was high, being 50% and 45%, respectively. Thus, the rate of HBV+ cases was 62%. The rate for HCV+ cases was 3%. The comparison of the prevalence between the city group and the village group showed that the rates for anti-HBs+ and HBV+ were significantly or marginally higher in the former group than in the latter, respectively. The HCV+ prevalence rate for the city group (4%) also tended to be higher than the corresponding rates for the village group (2%), although the difference was statistically insignificant. When evaluated together with the observation in Shandong and Shaanxi Provinces, it appears possible to generalize that the HBV infection prevalence is not higher and probably lower in rural areas than in urban areas, and that such may also be the case for the HCV infection prevalence.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[BMAL1 and circadian rhythm].

hBmal1 cDNA has been cloned from a human brain cDNA library and revealed that the cDNA encoded a novel bHLH-PAS transcription factor. The rBmal1 mRNA expression was found not only at high levels in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN), but also in the pyriform cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum. Furthermore, this expression was found in the eyes, pineal body, and peripheral organs, such as the muscle, liver, and heart. Bmal1 mRNA levels reveal a circadian rhythm in the rat SCN, with the highest expression levels at ZT18. The yeast two-hybrid screening have demonstrated that CLOCK forms a heterodimer with BMAL1. CLOCK. BMAL1 heterodimer functions as a positive transcription factor through binding to the E-box in the promoter region of the mPer1. Nuclear translocation is promoted by dimerization among PERs, or between PERs and CRYs, and the complexes inhibit the transcription of their own genes. This feedback loop is used in the clock output system driving the transcription of arginine vasopressin peptide and serotonin N-acetyl-transferase by binding the CLOCK-BMAL1 dimer to an E-box in their promoters.

ARNTL Transcription Factors↗
PubMed2000

Urban-rural comparison of HBV and HCV infection prevalence in eastern China.

The present study was initiated to make an urban-rural comparison of the prevalence of cases positive to hepatitis B and C virus (HBV and HCV, respectively) infection markers in densely populated eastern half of China. For this purpose, 10 survey siles were selected, i.e., six sites in urban areas (the city group; Beijing, Shanghai and four provincial capitals) and four sites in rural areas (the village group; one village each in Jilin and Shandong Provinces, and two villages in Shaanxi Province). About 50 adult women per site volunteered to participate, from whom 494 valid blood samples were collected. Positivities to HBsAg (HBsAg+), anti-HBs (anti-HBs+) and anti-HBc (anti-HBc+) were examined by RIA methods, and that to anti-HCV (anti-HCV+) by either EIA or RIA. Those positive to any one of the three HBV infection markers were taken as HBV infection-positive (HBV+). The prevalence of HBsAg+, HBV+ and anti-HBc+ was 8%, 70% and 2.7% in the city group, and 8%, 65% and 2.0% in the village group, and no significant difference was found between the two groups. The overall prevalence was 8% for HBsAg+, 68% for HBV+, and 2.4% for anti-HCV+. The results were discussed in reference to some 20 papers each on HBV+ and anti-HCV+ prevalence in China published since 1991. The reviewing of these papers confirmed that the prevalence of HBV was high (i.e., in excess of 50%), whereas the prevalence of anti-HCV was low (well below 5%), and that no substantial difference was found between the rural and urban populations.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Examination of microgravity effects on spontaneous Ca2+ oscillations in AtT20 pituitary cells using heavy water.

Effects of heavy water (D2O) on various organisms have been extensively studied and a majority of D2O actions were generally ascribed to the viscosity (1.23 times of H2O) and a larger inter-molecule force of D2O that may eventually alternate molecular structure of various enzymes and ion channels. It is reported that chronic application of D2O induces toxic effects and the 35% substitution of whole body water with D2O induced fatal effects in the mouse. Mitosis of a fertile egg of sea urchin was completely inhibited by 75% D2O but the paused segmentation was recovered after rinse of D2O. In addition, we also observed that neuronal development of the Lymnaea stagnalis was reversibly inhibited by D2O (M. Sakakibara, unpublished data). However, mechanism of the toxicity of D2O and the effects of D2O on cellular events have not been fully understood. The spontaneous oscillation in cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration is one of the typical physiological events in living secretory cells. We previously demonstrated that the Ca2+ oscillations are regulated by voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels (VSCC), Ca2+ ATPases, and Ca(2+)-induced Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. To analyze the site(s) of action of D2O in the living cellular systems, the present study examined effects of D2O on the Ca2+ mobilization and resting membrane potentials in AtT20 mouse pituitary cells.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Role of caspases in neuronal damage.

There is growing evidence that neuronal apoptosis, or cell suicide, is likely to underlie a number of neurodegenerative disorders. The caspases are a growing family of cysteine proteases that execute the death program by proteolytic cleavage of a number of specific cellular substrates. Recent evidence suggests that they are also involved in processing of neurodegeneration-associated proteins such as amyloid precursor protein and huntingtin. Caspases could thus be attractive therapeutic targets in a number of neural pathologies. The challenge lies in understanding how and which caspases are important in neuronal apoptosis and processing of neurodegeneration-associated proteins and how they are normally regulated. Here we review the evidence for the involvement of caspases in neuronal damage and highlight various studies where caspase inhibition was effective in combating neuronal death.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

Gene expression of double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase in the human endometrium and decidua.

To clarify the biological significance of double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR), an interferon (INF)-inducible substance, we investigated (1) PKR gene expression and the (2) effect of IFN-gamma on PKR gene expression in human endometrium. By Northern blot analysis, PKR mRNA was detected as a 2.5 kb band in human endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle and decidua in early pregnancy. The addition of IFN-gamma to culture medium increased the PKR mRNA level in a dose-dependent manner in cultured endometrial stromal cells. These results suggest that IFN-gamma, which is reported to have an inhibitory effect on cell proliferation, plays an important role in human endometrial function by mediating PKR gene expression.

Blotting, Northern↗
PubMed1999

Myelinated fibers in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1B with Arg98His mutation of Po protein.

This study was undertaken to characterize the clinical, electrophysiologic, and histopathologic features of five presumably unrelated Japanese patients with Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease type 1B and Arg98His substitution of Po protein and, in particular, to correlate Arg98His substitution to the ultrastructural abnormalities of the myelin sheath. Systematic morphometric studies of the sural nerve, where the CMT type 1B gene abnormality is expressed, have not been performed, especially on the basis of the type of mutation causing CMT type 1B. Electrophysiologic evaluation of limb nerves and morphometric analysis of sural nerves obtained at biopsy were performed. Ultrastructural myelin abnormalities were precisely examined. Clinical symptoms appeared from the second to the fifth decade. All probands presented with gait disturbance. Motor and sensory conduction velocities in the median and ulnar nerves ranged from 10 to 30 m/s. Segmental demyelination and remyelination and marked loss of myelinated fibers were the main findings. On electron microscopy, widening between major dense lines was found between the paired intraperiod lines, where the extramembranous portion of the Po protein resides. This widening is probably directly related to Arg98His substitution. Focal uncompaction of major dense lines coexisted with this widening. This uncompaction, which directly decreases the number of myelin lamellae, may be a secondary effect of Arg98His substitution on the intramembranous domain of Po protein. In conclusion, myelin changes at both extracellular and cytoplasmic appositions of Schwann cell membranes were found in association with Arg98His substitution of Po protein. This study contributes to a better understanding of myelin abnormalities in patients with CMT type 1B and Arg98His or other similar extramembranous amino acid substitutions of Po protein.

Adult↗