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Biomedical subjects

M Iida

Publications and source records attributed to M Iida.

At least 739 records · Page 41Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Secular trends in atherosclerosis of coronary arteries and basal cerebral arteries in Japan. The Akita pathology study.

The atherosclerotic lesions of the coronary arteries and basal cerebral arteries in the circle of Willis were examined in the bodies of decreased men ages 30 and over who had been admitted to a local hospital in northeast Japan during 1966 to 1974 (243 men) and 1975 to 1984 (602 men). The autopsy rates during the two periods were 86% and 89%, respectively. The extent of atherosclerosis was determined blindly by one pathologist using a grading method of cross-sectional stenosis scoring for coronary arteries and Baker's method for basal cerebral arteries. The age-adjusted mean scores for atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries and basal cerebral arteries were 30% and 42% lower, respectively, in the 1975 to 1984 period than in the 1966 to 1974 period (p less than 0.001). There was also a fall in age-adjusted blood pressure levels at admission: 10 mm Hg for systolic and 4 mm Hg for diastolic blood pressure (p less than 0.001). The opposite trend was seen in mean serum cholesterol: a rise from 171 mg/dl to 177 mg/dl (p = 0.018). Linear regression analysis indicated that blood pressure was positively associated with both atherosclerosis scores, controlling for age and serum cholesterol in both time periods (p less than 0.001). The association of serum cholesterol with the atherosclerosis scores was positive in both periods and statistically significant in 1975 to 1984. Similar findings were obtained when the analyses were conducted for cardiovascular disease (myocardial infarction and stroke) and for noncardiovascular disease, separately.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A collaborative study of stroke incidence in Japan: 1975-1979.

A Japan Collaborative Study of Stroke covering 20 regional and occupational population groups was conducted with the support of the Ministry of Health and Welfare. In this study 17,423 males and 16,856 females, aged 40 to 69, were followed up prospectively from 1975 to 1979. The average annual incidence of all types of stroke was 3.94 for men and 2.52 for women per 1,000 population. The incidence of cerebral hemorrhage for men and women stood at 1.26 and 0.59 and that of cerebral infarction at 1.87 and 1.10 respectively. The difference in incidence between the sexes was large particularly in the age range of 40-49. The incidence of all types of stroke, cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction increased with age. The incidence of all strokes in Japan during the period 1975-1979 appears to have decreased in comparison with that in 1960-1969, but tended to be still higher than that in Western countries.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Endonuclease activity and hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity in human glioblastoma and glioma cell lines.

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced internucleosomal DNA cleavage in human myelogenous leukemic cell lines (HL-60, ML-1, THP-1, U-937), but not in human glioblastoma (T98G, U87MG) and glioma (KG1C) cell lines. However, H2O2 produced apoptotic cells, characterized by cell shrinkage, nuclear fragmentation and chromatin condensation in glioblastoma and glioma cell lines. Autodigestion experiments revealed that the major endonucleases, present in all leukemic, glioblastoma and glioma cell lines, were divalent cation-independent endonuclease(s). The endonudease(s) present in the lysates of all these cells were activated at acidic, but not at neutral pH. The results suggest that the endonuclease activity might be differently regulated between leukemic and glioma cell lines.

Apoptosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Establishment and characterization of human immature teratoma cell line (TES-1).

A new human immature teratoma cell line, TES-1, was established from a surgical specimen from a 12-year old male with third ventricular immature teratoma. TES-1 shows polygonal morphology rich in neurites, and proliferated as adherent monolayer, with an approximate population doubling time of 48 hours. Electron microscopic analysis revealed the presence of swollen rough endoplasmic reticulum, and prominent lipid droplets, lysosomes and microfilaments. The chromosome numbers were between 41 and 160 (mode 78), including abnormal karyotypes 1p-, 5q-, 12p+ and 17p+ (G-band analysis). Hetero-transplantation of TES-1 into BALB/c nude mice produced no visible tumors. Multipotential differentiation was not induced in TES-1 monolayer culture, but significant neuron specific enolase activity was expressed in both extracellular (by RIA method) and intracellular fractions (by immunohistochemical method), suggesting the differentiation toward neurocytes. This cell line provides a useful in vitro model for the pathophysiological analysis of immature teratoma.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of glutathione-modulating compounds on platinum compounds-induced cytotoxicity in human glioma cell lines.

The relation between the effect of glutathione(GSH)-modulating compounds and platinum compounds (Cisplatin, Nedaplatin)-induced cytotoxicity was investigated. Pretreatment of human glioblastoma (T98G, U87MG) and glioma (KG1C) cell lines with L-buthionine-[S,R]-sulfoximine, which decrease the intracellular GSH concentration, remarkably increased their sensitivity against platinum compounds, whereas pretreatment with N-acetyl-L-cysteine, which increase the intracellular GSH concentration, only marginally protected the cells from the cytotoxic effect of platinum compounds. The results suggest that platinum compounds-induced cytotoxicity can be modified by GSH-modulating compounds in glioblastoma and glioma cell lines.

Acetylcysteine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transoral ultrasonographic evaluation of carotid flow in predicting cerebral hemodynamics after carotid endarterectomy.

PURPOSE: We investigated whether measurement of blood flow in the extracranial distal internal carotid artery (ICA) by transoral carotid ultrasonography (TOCU) can predict the cerebral hemodynamics and the hemodynamic effect of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in patients with unilateral carotid stenosis. METHODS: Forty-nine patients with unilateral ICA stenosis who underwent CEA were studied. Preoperative blood flow in the poststenotic portion of the extracranial ICA was studied by using TOCU. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and vasoreactivity to acetazolamide (VR) in the territory of the middle cerebral artery were investigated by using single-photon emission CT (SPECT) before, 2 weeks after, and 3 months after CEA. RESULTS: Doppler flow velocities in the extracranial distal ICA measured transorally by TOCU correlated with baseline as well as postacetazolamide rCBF in the ipsilateral side (regression analysis, P < .05). Diameter and blood flow volume in the extracranial distal ICA were associated with ipsilateral postacetazolamide rCBF and VR (regression analysis, P < .05). When the patients were divided into 2 groups according to the ICA volume flow distal to a carotid stenosis, group I < 3.5 mL/s and group II > 3.5 mL/s, ipsilateral postacetazolamide rCBF in group I was significantly lower than that in group II (P = .008). Ipsilateral postacetazolamide rCBF (analysis of variance [ANOVA], P = .02) and VR (ANOVA, P = .03) significantly improved after CEA for 3 months in group I but not in group II. CONCLUSION: TOCU can detect the decrease in poststenotic flow of the distal extracranial ICA that is indicative of impaired intracranial hemodynamics and predictive for improvement of cerebral blood flow after CEA in patients with unilateral carotid stenosis.

Acetazolamide↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reverse-phase liquid chromatographic determination of paraquat and diquat in agricultural products.

A simple, rapid, highly sensitive liquid chromatographic method is described for the quantitative determination of paraquat and diquat residues in agricultural products. Paraquat and diquat are extracted with hot dilute hydrochloric acid and are cleaned up on an Amberlite CG-50 column, followed by reverse-phase liquid chromatography on an NH2 column, with ultraviolet detection at 257 nm (paraquat) and 310 nm (diquat). The minimum detectable concentration of both paraquat and diquat was 0.5 ng per injection, which corresponds to a lower detection limit of approximately 0.02 microgram/g in the original samples. Recoveries of paraquat and diquat added to various samples were greater than 79%, and averaged 91 and 90%, respectively, at the 0.1 and 1.0 microgram/g spiking levels.

Chromatography, Liquid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Psychiatry of diencephalon damages. A case report.

The diencephalon syndrome due to head injury in a 60-year-old woman is reported. The dicenphalon syndrome of the patient offered a variety of productive psychic and somatopsychic symptoms without reduction of intelligence; these included optic and acoustic hallucinations, delusions, cenesthesic hallucinations, disturbances of body schema and distinct functional disorders of the vegetative system. Autopsy findings of the brain were obtained in the 1.5 years up to her death. The problems of diencephalon syndrome related with suspected organic bases of schizophrenia and rhythmicity of diencephalogenic impulse reduction are discussed.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Endonuclease activity and induction of DNA fragmentation in human myelogenous leukemic cell lines.

When four human myelogenous leukemic cell lines (HL-60, ML-1, U-937, THP-1) were exposed to either ascorbic acid, hydrogen peroxide, etoposide, tumor necrosis factor, hyperthermia or UV irradiation, their growth inhibition and oligonucleosome-size DNA fragmentation were induced. Non-myelogenous leukemic cell lines (MOLT-4, K-562) were similarly sensitive to ascorbic acid and hydrogen peroxide, but relatively resistant to etoposide, TNF, hyperthermia and UV irradiation. Furthermore, these treatments except for UV irradiation, did not induce any apparent DNA fragmentation in MOLT-4 and K-562 cells. An autodigestion experiment revealed that all of these six cell lines contained divalent cation-independent endonuclease activity as a major endonuclease. The ability of this endonuclease to produce oligonucleosome-size DNA fragmentation was stimulated at acidic, but not at neutral pH. Since this enzyme activity was not detected in the lysosomal enzyme-free nuclei, prepared from all six cell lines, the cytoplasmic localization of this enzyme was suggested. The results suggest that the endonuclease activity might be differently regulated between myelogenous and non-myelogenous leukemic cell lines.

Apoptosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Aflatoxin contamination in foods and foodstuffs in Tokyo: 1986-1990.

Aflatoxins were determined in 3054 samples of foods or foodstuffs, including cereals, nuts, beans, spices, dairy products, dry fruits, and edible oil. Samples were collected in Tokyo from 1986 to 1990. Aflatoxins were found in rice products, adlay, corn, crude sugar, peanut products, pistachio nuts, brazil nuts, sesame products, butter beans, white pepper, red pepper, paprika, nutmeg, and mixed spices. The highest incidence of aflatoxin contamination was observed in nutmeg (80%), and the highest level of aflatoxin B1 was observed in pistachio nuts (1382 ppb).

Aflatoxins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Induction of DNA fragmentation by tannin- and lignin-related substances.

A variety of tannin and lignin-related compounds were compared for their ability to induce nucleosome-sized DNA fragmentation (a biochemical hallmark of apoptosis), using agarose gel electrophoresis and a fluorescence activated cell sorter. Monomeric, dimeric, trimeric and tetrameric hydrolysable tannins induced nucleosome-sized DNA fragmentation in HL-60 cells, more potently than condensed tannins. The highest activity was detected in gallic acid, a component unit of tannins. Natural lignified materials, except for caffeic acid and its dehydrogenation polymer, showed much weaker activity. Protein-bound polysaccharide (PSK) was inactive. Gallic acid induced DNA fragmentation in four human myelogenous leukaemic cell lines, but not in human T-cell leukaemia and erythroleukaemia cell lines. Ca2+ depletion from the culture medium slightly, but significantly, reduced the apoptosis-inducing activity of gallic acid, but did not significantly affect that of tannic acid or caffeic acid. After treatment with gallic acid, intracellular Ca2+ concentration was significantly elevated. The apoptosis-inducing activity of polyphenols may further emphasize their medicinal efficacy.

Apoptosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chromatin structure and endonuclease sensitivity in human leukemic cell lines.

The relationship between chromatin structure and endonuclease sensitivity was investigated. The cells used in this study were a) human myelogenous leukemic cell lines (HL-60, ML-I, U-937, THP-I) (Group I), which produced internucleosomal DNA cleavage, and b) human T-cell leukemia (MOLT-4), erythroleukemia (K562), glioblastoma (T98G, U87MG) and glioma (KG-1-C) cell lines (Group II), which produced no internucleosomal DNA cleavage, upon treatment with various apoptosis-inducing agents. When the nuclei, isolated from these cells were digested with micrococcal nuclease, chromatin DNA was cleaved into oligonucleosomal units. Although sensitivity to micrococcal nuclease considerably differed from cell to cell, Group I cells were generally more sensitive to micrococcal nuclease digestion than Group II cells. Similar sensitivity to DNase I was observed in both groups of cells. Acid-urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of histone fractions from control and apoptosing HL-60 cells (induced either by hydrogen peroxide or UV irradiation) revealed no significant change in the relative composition of five major histones, indicating the absence of selective degradation of histone HI, but rather the nonspecific degradation of many nuclear proteins. These data suggest a difference in a chromatin structure between Group I and II cells, which might result in the selective production of internucleosomal DNA cleavage only in Group I cells.

Apoptosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of the type of serum in the medium on sodium ascorbate-induced cytotoxicity.

Sodium ascorbate induced cytotoxicity against human glioblastoma T98G cells in RPMI1640 medium supplemented with fetal bovine serum or human serum samples was studied. Several human serum samples significantly reduced the cytotoxic activity of sodium ascorbate, regardless of sex, age or the disease of the serum donor with or without heat-inactivation of the serum. ESR spectroscopy revealed that this serum effect was not simply due to the alteration of the ascorbyl radical intensity, produced from sodium ascorbate. The present study suggests that the apoptosis-inducing activity of sodium ascorbate might be significantly affected by human serum.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Risk of cancer development in the rectal remnant of patients with familial adenomatous polyposis/Gardner's syndrome.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Current treatment for familial adenomatous polyposis usually entails total colectomy. However, the question of whether or not to remove the rectum has yet answered decisively. This paper represents an attempt to clarify the position on whether the surgeon should remove the rectum. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty patients from 16 families with the established diagnosis of FAP, or Gardner's syndrome, who had been treated by total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis, were followed up by proctoscopy for at least 5 years. The clinical features were compared between the patients with histologically verified rectal cancer and those who had been free from cancer development. RESULTS: During the observation periods ranging from 5 to 27 years (mean, 11.4 years), five rectal cancers were identified in 4 patients. These cancers included two cancers in adenomas, two nonpolypoid cancers, and one invasively ulcerating tumor. While the clinical and pathologic features at surgery and the incidence of colonic cancer in the resected specimen had not differed between the patients with rectal cancer and those without cancer, the former group of patients had more colonic polyps and they tended to have been observed over longer periods than the latter group of patients. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that clinical features at surgery of patients with FAP are not relevant for predicting the development of rectal cancer during follow-up.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ca2+ mobilization during cell death induction by sodium 5, 6-benzylidene-L-ascorbate.

The cytotoxic activity of sodium 5,6-benzylidene-L-ascorbate (SBA) against human KG-1-C glioma and T98G glioblastoma cell lines was augmented by pretreatment of the cells with L-buthionine-[S, R]-sulfoximine (BSO), which reduced the intracellular glutathione concentrations. SBA produced shrunken cells and large DNA fragments, without the induction of nuclear and internucleosomal DNA fragmentation. The rapid elevation of intracellular free Ca2+ concentration observed after SBA treatment was further augmented by BSO pretreatment. A confocal experiment with Fluo-3 fluorescence revealed that SBA markedly elevated the free Ca2+ concentration in the nuclear region, but did not significantly affect that in the cytoplasmic region. The present study suggests that the nuclear accumulation of Ca2+ is an important initial step for cell death induction by SBA.

Antineoplastic Agents↗