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Biomedical subjects

M Iida

Publications and source records attributed to M Iida.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Sulfamethizole absorption test for the assessment of gastric emptying. Comparison with scintigraphic method.

BACKGROUND: To investigate whether the sulfamethizole absorption test can be applied for the assessment of gastric emptying, we measured comparatively plasma sulfamethizole concentration and gastric emptying as determined by scintigraphy in 15 subjects. METHODS: After the ingestion of a solid-liquid meal that contained sulfamethizole and radioisotope (technetium-99m-labeled diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid), the plasma sulfamethizole concentrations were measured every 15 to 60 min up to 180 min. The initial emptying time (duration after ingestion until 10% reduction in radioactivity of the stomach) and the exponential curve in the cumulative reduction of radioactivity were used as indicators of gastric emptying. RESULTS: The initial emptying time was significantly correlated with the sulfamethizole concentration at 15 min after ingestion (r = -0.64, p < 0.05). A close correlation was observed between the rate of decrease in radioactivity and sulfamethizole concentration at 60 min after ingestion (r = 0.80, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The sulfamethizole absorption test can be used for the evaluation of gastric motility. Two points of measurement, 15 and 60 min after ingestion, are sufficient to demonstrate the initial and subsequent gastric emptying.

Female↗
PubMed1995

Phosphonothrixin, a novel herbicidal antibiotic produced by Saccharothrix sp. ST-888. I. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation and biological properties.

A novel herbicidal compound, phosphonothrixin, was found in the fermentation broth of Saccharothrix sp. ST-888 cultured on a vegetable juice medium. The compound exhibiting acidic and hydrophilic properties was obtained when the fermentation broth of ST-888 was subjected to ion exchange chromatography, gel filtration chromatography and ion-pair chromatography. Phosphonothrixin significantly inhibited germination of gramineous and broadleaf weeds. Foliar application of this antibiotic gave rise to chlorosis in all of the plants tested.

Actinomycetales↗
PubMed1995

[An autopsied case of dominantly affecting upper motor neuron with atrophy of the frontal and temporal lobes--with special reference to primary lateral sclerosis].

In this paper, the autopsy findings of a 78-year-old man mimicking primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) are reported. His clinical symptoms were slowly progressive spasticity, pseudobulbar palsy and character change. He died of sepsis 32 months after protracting the disease. The autopsy revealed severe atrophy of the frontal and temporal lobes. The histological findings were severe neuronal loss with gliosis in the precentral gyrus and left temporal lobe tip, loss of Betz cell, prominent demyelination throughout of the corticospinal tract, axonal swelling in the cerebral peduncule, severe degeneration of the amygdala, mild degeneration of the Ammon horn, normal substantia nigra, a few neuronal cells with central chromatolysis in the facial nerve nucleus and very mild neuronal cell loss in the spinal anterior horn. The anterior horn cell only occasionally demonstrated Bunina body by H & E and cystatin-C stainings, as well as, skein-like inclusion by ubiquitin staining. Thus, this is a case of uncommon amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) dominantly affecting the upper motor neuron including the motor cortex and temporal limbic system. In analysis of nine cases of putative primary lateral sclerosis in the literature, six cases showed loss of Betz cell in the precentral gyrus, and four cases very mild involvement of the lower motor neuron such as central chromatolysis and eosinophilic inclusion body. Degeneration of the limbic system was observed in two cases. We indicated a possible subgroup with concomitant involvement in the motor cortex and temporal lobe in motor neuron disease dominantly affecting the upper motor neuron.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

The effect on tinnitus of stapes surgery for otosclerosis.

Among 42 Japanese patients with otosclerosis who underwent stapes surgery, 22 patients including 10 received total stapedectomy, 6 partial stapedectomy and 6 stapedectomy, were investigated on preoperative and postoperative tinnitus by sending questionnaire. The tinnitus was evaluated by "tinnitus score" advocated by the Japan Audiological Society, and the changes of the scores were analyzed according to pre- and postoperative hearing change, type of stapes surgery and pitches of preoperative tinnitus. In these 22 patients, tinnitus score was improved in 68%, unchanged in 27% or worsened in 5%. Tinnitus was completely disappeared in 6 patients or 27.3%. Tinnitus score became more markedly improved in the patients received partial stapedectomy or stapedotomy than those who received total stapedectomy. Tinnitus score was more likely improved in the patients who had a low pitched tinnitus and presumably had no cochlear otosclerosis preoperatively.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Proliferative potential and p53 overexpression in precursor and early stage lesions of bronchioloalveolar lung carcinoma.

To elucidate the pathogenesis of bronchioloalveolar lung carcinoma (BAC), we evaluated the lesion size, growth fraction, and p53 overexpression of atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) and early stage BAC. AAH was classified as showing low grade or high grade atypia. AAH-like carcinoma, presumably very early stage BAC, was distinguished from AAH in that it exhibited remarkable atypia suggestive of malignant potential and from overt BAC in that it lacked unequivocal malignant features, including invasive/destructive growth. The growth fraction was determined immunohistochemically in terms of the Ki-67 labeling index. The overexpression of p53 was evaluated by assessing the nuclear accumulation of immunoreactive p53 protein. Both the lesion size and the growth fraction increased from low grade AAH, to high grade AAH, to AAH-like carcinoma, and to overt adenocarcinoma. The overexpression of p53 in AAH-like carcinoma was similar to that in overt adenocarcinoma and was more frequent than that in AAH. Our findings indicate that AAH, AAH-like carcinoma, and overt BAC represent different categories, although the cellular events occurring in these lesions presumably represent a continuous spectrum of the changes that are reflected in the cytomorphology and lesion size. The findings here suggest that AAH and AAH-like carcinomas constitute a population of heterogeneous lesions representing different steps toward overt BAC.

Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar↗
PubMed1995

Polymorphisms of the beta fibrinogen gene and plasma fibrinogen concentration in Caucasian and Japanese population samples.

We reported previously that plasma fibrinogen was significantly higher in U.S. Caucasians than in Japanese, which may contribute to the higher mortality rate of coronary heart disease in the United States than in Japan. To examine the contribution of genetic variations to the race difference in plasma fibrinogen levels, restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) of the beta fibrinogen gene were examined in 293 nonsmoking Caucasians and Japanese men and women aged 47-69 years. Three RFLPs were detected by digestion of genomic DNA using the BclI restriction enzyme, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products using HaeIII and HindIII. The alleles B2 (4.2 kb, BclI digestion), H2 (957 b, HaeIII) and Hd2 (465 b. HindIII) were associated with higher fibrinogen concentrations in previous studies. Because of a strong linkage disequilibrium between HaeIII and HindIII polymorphisms, the data of HindIII was presented. The frequency of the B2 allele was 22% (95% Cl: 17-27%) for Caucasians and 13% (10-17%) for Japanese (the difference: p < 0.01). The respective frequency of the Hd2 allele was 26% (21-31%) and 12% (8-16%) (p < 0.001). After controlling for age, body mass index, alcohol intake, triglycerides, fish intake, and for women, menopausal status and hormone replacement therapy, the adjusted mean fibrinogen level among Caucasians was 289 mg/dl for genotype B1B1 and 301 mg/dl for genotype B1B2 or B2B2 combined (p = 0.18), and 285 mg/dl for Hd1Hd1 and 306 mg/dl for Hd1Hd2 or Hd2Hd2 combined (p = 0.03).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Completion pneumonectomy after lobectomy or bilobectomy for lung cancer].

Six cases who were performed completion pneumonectomy after lobectomy or bilobectomy for lung cancer were reported. The reason for completion pneumonectomy was the recurrence of lung cancer, 4 cases; second primary lung cancer, 1 case; and the destroyed lung after bilobectomy, 1 case. The intervals between the first resection and completion pneumonectomy for the patients who were recognized the recurrence were 14, 40, 83, 112 months. This results suggest that it is important that the patients who were performed curative resection are carefully followed. The patients who were performed completion pneumonectomy had the pulmonary function as follows; more than 800 ml as FEV1. The postoperative complication were not observed for the six patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

[Characteristics of participants in community-based rehabilitation programs and their levels of independence in activities of daily living].

To clarify characteristics of participants in community-based rehabilitation programs provided by local municipalities (cities, towns, and villages) and effect of the program on their levels of independence in activities of daily living (ADL), a cross-sectional study was performed on 422 participants in 49 municipalities in Kochi Prefecture. 1. Mean age of participants was 68.3 +/- 9.0, and 77.7% of them were stroke patients. 2. The mean interval between disease onset and program participation was 40.4 months, and the mean duration of program participation was 54.5 months. 3. At the start of rehabilitation programs and at the time of the investigation (December 1993), about 90% of the participants had good levels of independence in ADL (Rank A and over according to the standard of the Ministry of Health and Welfare). 4. The frequency of rehabilitation programs and the presence of occupational therapists were positively associated with the improvement of levels of independence in ADL. In particular, the frequency of rehabilitation programs was associated with improvement of quality of life in self-supporting participants (Rank J2), and the presence of occupational therapists was associated with the improvement of ADL in semi-bed-ridden participants (Rank A). 5. After adjusting for age and sex, using multiple logistic regression analysis, type of diseases (non-stroke), hospital rehabilitation immediately after onset, higher levels of independence in ADL at the start of rehabilitation programs, and higher frequency of rehabilitation programs were significantly associated with improvements in levels of independence in ADL. Shorter interval between disease onset and program participation, and the presence of occupational therapists were also associated with improvements in levels of independence in ADL, although the relation did not reach statistical significance.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1995

Long-term follow-up study of Crohn's disease in Japan. The Research Committee of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Japan.

Two hundred and three patients with Crohn's disease seen at Kyushu University, Fukuoka University, and their affiliated centers from 1973 to 1988 were followed for 4.4 +/- 3.2 years (mean +/- SD), to evaluate the prognosis relative to life span and surgery. Cumulative survival rate and cumulative operation rate were calculated by the life table method. Cumulative survival rates 5 and 10 years after diagnosis were 98.9% and 98.9%, respectively; these figures were not different from the expected survival rates in the sex-and age-matched general population. Cumulative operation rates 5 and 10 years after the onset of symptoms were 16.2% and 39.1%, respectively, In a second study, we investigated 419 patients with Crohn's disease, diagnosed at nine institutions from 1975 to 1990. The follow-up period was 6.3 +/- 3.9 years and the information was obtained from mailed questionnaires. Cumulative survival rates 5 and 10 years after diagnosis were 99.2% and 96.9%, respectively. Cumulative operation rates 5 and 10 years after the onset of symptoms were 30.3% and 70.8%, respectively. These results indicate that the prognosis of Japanese patients with Crohn's disease may be superior to that reported in Western countries.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

A clinicopathologic study of small flat colorectal carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have noted that small flat carcinomas do exist in the human colon, but their clinicopathologic features have not been fully delineated. METHODS: A clinicopathologic study of 62 flat colorectal carcinomas (FCC) and 80 polypoid colorectal carcinomas (PCC) was performed. FCC were defined for the study as colorectal adenocarcinomas confined to the mucosa or submucosa, macroscopically characterized as slightly elevated, often nearly flat, and sometimes with central shallow depressions. RESULTS: In intramucosal and submucosal invasive carcinomas, the mean size of FCCs was significantly smaller than that of PCCs, (P < 0.001). When compared with PCCs, FCCs were found more often in the proximal colon, less frequently well differentiated, and had fewer adenomatous remnants. In submucosal invasive cases, FCCs showed more frequent deep invasion (67 versus 32%, P < 0.05) and lymphovascular permeation (41% versus 16%, P < 0.05) compared with PCCs. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that FCCs are characterized by frequent deep invasion with lymphovascular permeation even when small, and that they may be more prevalent away from the rectosigmoid area.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Lipopolysaccharide primes human basophils for enhanced mediator release: requirement for plasma co-factor and CD14.

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is known to enhance IgE-mediated basophil degranulation. Recently, the complex of LPS and plasma LPS-binding protein(LBP) has been shown to induce secretory response via CD14 in monocytes and neutrophils. In the current study, we observed that the sensitivity to LPS of basophils was increased to 100-fold by co-incubation with plasma. LPS promptly completed its effect and amplified degranulation by stimuli bypassing IgE-receptors. Treatment with anti-CD14 completely abolished the priming effect of LPS. These results indicate that the priming effect of LPS on basophil mediator release is mediated via CD14, and that plasma co-factor, possibly identical to LBP, potentiates this reaction.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMed1994

Early detection of nonpolypoid cancers in the rectal remnant in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis/Gardner's syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Invasive cancer occurs in the rectal remnant of patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). METHODS: A long term surveillance proctoscopy program was performed on 25 patients with an established diagnosis of FAP or Gardner's syndrome. RESULTS: The surveillance revealed small nonpolypoid cancer of the rectal remnant in two patients. One cancer, which measured 5 mm, was restricted to the mucosa, whereas the other, measuring 10 mm at its greatest dimension had invaded the submucosa. On proctoscopy, both the lesions were characterized by a reddish depression, surrounded by marginal elevations. Both of these cancers were composed of well differentiated adenocarcinoma without any adenomatous component. CONCLUSIONS: The authors' experience suggests that nonpolypoid cancers do exist in FAP/Gardner's syndrome and that careful follow-up seems necessary in patients with a diagnosis, especially in consideration of the possible development of nonpolypoid lesions.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Postoperative recurrence in patients with intestinal Behçet's disease.

PURPOSE: The postoperative course of intestinal Behçet's disease was studied in nine patients who had undergone a total of 15 operations due to intestinal ulcers. METHODS: These patients were followed up for an average of 6.0 years (range, 1 year, 3 months to 13 years, 10 months) after each operation and they were repeatedly examined by double-contrast radiography and/or colonofiberscopy. RESULTS: Recurrence of intestinal ulcers was observed in 12 (80 percent) of the 15 surgical cases. The incidence (50 percent) of postoperative recurrence in six cases in which intraoperative endoscopy revealed no abnormality in the retained intestine was lower than that (100 percent) in nine cases without this examination. Recurrent intestinal lesions in most cases were demonstrated as multiple aphthoid ulcers in the ileum near the ileocolectomy, or as one or two deep ulcers at the ileocolectomy site. The recurrent ulcers were successfully treated by various medical therapies, but the effectiveness of these therapies was only temporary. CONCLUSION: In the case of this disease, intraoperative endoscopy may be useful for preventing postoperative recurrence and periodic follow-up examination with radiography and endoscopy should be performed, even after surgery.

Adult↗