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Biomedical subjects

M Igawa

Publications and source records attributed to M Igawa.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Condyloma acuminatum in a 3-year old girl.

We report the case of 3-year-old girl with condyloma acuminatum. She was brought to our clinic with pruritus, painful urination and four discharge and treated with electrocautery. Histological examination revealed acanthosis, nuclear basophilic inclusions and vacuolar degeneration. In this case, transmission of the human papilloma virus might have occurred during close, non-sexual contact with the infected mother, and the depressed immune response associated with atopic dermatitis appears to have played an important role in the development of the condyloma acuminatum infection.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1990

Usefulness and limitations of methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin and cisplatin for the treatment of advanced urothelial cancer.

Methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin and cisplatin were used to treat 66 patients with advanced urothelial cancer. Of these 66 patients 58 could be evaluated for response. A total of 84 sites was evaluated in these patients. Response rates were 73% in the bladder, 67% in the renal pelvis, 50% in the ureter, 60% in the lung, 68% in the lymph nodes, 14% in the liver and 25% in the bone. Ten patients (17%) had a complete response and 23 (40%) had a partial response, with an over-all response rate of 57% (the 95% confidence limits are 44 to 69%). The mean durations of response were 10.1 months for complete response patients and 6.2 months for partial response patients. The most prominent toxicity was severe myelosuppression that resulted in 2 septic deaths. While this chemotherapy regimen provided an excellent over-all response rate, the matters of concern were the short duration of response and low effectiveness in the liver and bone.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1989

[M-VAC (methotrexate, vinblastine, adriamycin and cisplatin) chemotherapy in advanced renal pelvic and ureteral carcinoma].

Seventeen patients with advanced renal pelvic and ureteral carcinoma receiving M-VAC chemotherapy were evaluated. There were 10 men and 7 women ranging in age from forty-two to seventy-eight years with a mean of sixty-six years. The primary sites of carcinoma were renal pelvis in 4 patients, ureter in 12, renal pelvis and ureter in 1. Fifteen patients had transitional cell carcinoma, one patient had transitional cell carcinoma mixed with squamous cell carcinoma and the histology of one patient was not identified. The median number of treatment cycles was 2.6, ranging from 1 to 6. Significant remissions following the treatment were observed in 5 of 8 primary lesions, 6 of 11 lymph nodes, 2 of 3 lung lesions and 2 of 5 bone lesions, respectively. However, the responses were not seen in 4 liver lesions. Two patients achieved a complete response (CR), 7 had a partial response (PR), 6 had stabilization of their disease, 2 had progressed, and the overall response rate was 52.9%. Two CR patients remain free of disease. Relapse or recurrence was seen in 4 of the 7 patients who achieved PR, and the median duration of response was 6.4 months. While the myelosuppression with this regimen was tolerable, the decreases of white blood cell and platelets count were significant in patients who had undergone prior irradiation. These results indicate that the M-VAC regimen is effective in patients with advanced upper urothelial malignancy. Further, a short response and a poor effectiveness in the metastases of liver and bone remain to be overcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[M-VAC chemotherapy for patients with lymph node metastases and/or locally advanced bladder carcinoma].

Sixteen patients with lymph nodes metastases and/or locally advanced bladder carcinoma were treated with a combination chemotherapy regimen consisting of methotrexate, vinblastine, adriamycin, and cisplatin (M-VAC) from November 1986 through September 1988. There were 14 men and 2 women. The median age was 61.9 years, with a range from 43 to 81 years. Complete response (CR) was observed in 6 of 16 patients (38%), partial response (PR) was confirmed in 5 of 16 patients (31%), and overall response rate was 69%. Median duration of response was 10.3 and 5.2 months in CR and PR patients, respectively. The myelosuppression with this regimen was tolerable. This study demonstrates that the M-VAC regimen is effective in the invasive bladder carcinoma with or without lymph nodes metastases. However, the duration of response is relatively short, and the true long-term benefits of this regimen remain to be determined.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

T antigen expression in benign hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma of the prostate.

The status of Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen (T antigen), in histological sections of human hyperplasia (30 cases) and adenocarcinoma (45 cases) of the prostate, was investigated by the immunohistochemical method. All benign prostatic hyperplasias were negative for T antigen but positive for cryptic T antigen after neuraminidase digestion. Of the 45 cases of adenocarcinoma of the prostate, 27 (60%) were positive for T antigen, 13 (29%) were negative for T antigen but positive for cryptic T antigen, and 5 (11%) were negative T and cryptic T antigens. The status of T antigen was found to be correlated with the histological grade and bone metastasis. However, there was statistically no definitive correlation between the status of T antigen and survival of patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

[Studies on multiple mucosal biopsy in patients with bladder cancer. 1. Evaluation of the results of multiple mucosal biopsy in patients with bladder cancer and in vivo methylene blue staining].

Between March, 1980 and July, 1984, 165 multiple mucosal biopsies were performed in 111 patients with bladder cancer. Of these 165 multiple mucosal biopsies, 87 were performed in new cases and 78 in recurrent cases: 147 were performed under in vivo staining with intravesical methylene blue. Before endoscopic tumor resection, biopsies were taken with a flexible cup biopsy forceps from non-tumorous urothelium lateral to the ureteral orifices, in the midline posteriorly, from both lateral wall and bladder neck, adjacent to the tumor and from the tumor itself. Histological abnormalities in this paper indicate transitional cell carcinoma, microinvasion of carcinoma in situ, carcinoma in situ, dysplasia and hyperplasia. In the total 955 biopsy specimens, transitional cell carcinoma was found in 45 (4.7%), microinvasion of carcinoma in situ in 30 (3.1%), carcinoma in situ in 55 (5.8%), dysplasia in 27 (2.8%), hyperplasia in 141 (1.5%), squamous metaplasia in 4 (0.4%), proliferative cystitis in 58 (6.1%), inflammation in 230 (24.1%) and normal epithelium in 492 (51.5%). The frequency of histological abnormalities in biopsied specimens was 14.8% in new cases, 21.1% in recurrent cases, the difference being statistically significant (P less than 0.01). Transitional cell carcinoma and dysplasia were more common in mucosal biopsies of recurrent cases than those of new cases (P less than 0.001, P less than 0.05). The frequency of histological abnormalities was 11.5% in 836 biopsy specimens from cystoscopically normal-looking mucosa, while 65.5% in 119 biopsy specimens from grossly abnormal mucosa, the difference being statistically significant (P less than 0.001). Of histological abnormalities, transitional cell carcinoma, microinvasion of carcinoma in situ and carcinoma in situ were more common in biopsy specimens from grossly abnormal mucosa than those from normal-looking mucosa (P less than 0.001). The frequency of histological abnormalities in mucosal biopsy was 11.4% in patients who exhibited a single tumor, and 26.7% in those with multiple tumors, the difference being significant (P less than 0.005). Biopsies of mucosa adjacent to a visible tumor were abnormal most frequently (26.9%), while those taken lateral to the ureteral orifices, from the midline posteriorly and from both lateral wall revealed a slightly lower rate of abnormal findings. The frequency of histological abnormalities in mucosal biopsy was 7.7% in patients with G1 tumor, 15.8% in those with G2 tumor and 36.0% in those with G3 tumor. The histological abnormalities increased with the increase in the grade of main tumor; this correlation was statistically significant (P less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Studies on multiple mucosal biopsy in patients with bladder cancer. 2. Evaluation on the relationship between the results of multiple mucosal biopsy and recurrence, and the clinical course of cases with carcinoma in situ and micro-invasion of carcinoma in situ].

The predictive value of grade, number of tumor and histology of mucosal biopsy for tumor recurrence, the course of carcinoma in situ and microinvasion of carcinoma in situ were examined. The Kaplan-Meier's method was used for the estimation of the recurrence-free rate in the patients who had undergone transurethral resection (TUR) and the logrank test for testing the significance of difference in recurrence-free rate. The 5-year recurrence-free rate was 32.2%. The recurrence-free rate was 51.0% after 40 months postoperatively in patients with a single tumor, 12.8% after 42 months postoperatively in those with multiple tumors. The patients with a single tumor had a significantly higher recurrence-free rate than those with multiple tumors (P less than 0.001). The recurrence-free rate was analyzed according to the grade of main tumor, but significantly difference was not present. The recurrence-free rate was 44.4% after 42 months postoperatively in patients with normal histology of mucosal biopsy and 9.5% after 34 months postoperatively in those with abnormal histology. The patients showing normal histology in mucosal biopsy had a significantly higher recurrence-free rate than those with abnormal findings (P less than 0.001). the recurrence-free rate at the same area of biopsy site was analyzed according to the histologies of 537 mucosal biopsies. The recurrence-free rate was 76.7% after 42 months post operatively in areas with a normal biopsy, 44.3% after 35 months postoperatively in those with abnormal histology and the difference was statistically significant (P less than 0.001). Of the 15 patients found to have carcinoma in situ, 4 were primary carcinoma in situ, 6 were associated with superficial papillary tumors and 5 were associated with invasive tumors. Thirteen of the 15 patients were alive and free of disease 18 to 42 months later. Two patients associated with invasive tumor died 5 and 18 months after transcatheter embolization of internal iliac arteries. Of the 13 patients who were found to have microinvasion of carcinoma in situ, 4 were not associated with visible tumor, 6 were associated with superficial papillary tumor and 3 were associated with invasive tumors. Nine of the 13 patients are alive and free of disease 7 to 53 months later. A patient without any visible tumor who was treated with TUR and intravesical chemotherapy died and three patients with invasive tumor died irrespective of the mode of treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Biopsy↗
PubMed1986

[Studies on multiple mucosal biopsy in patients with bladder cancer. 3. Evaluation of ABH antigenicity in specimens of multiple mucosal biopsy and transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder].

Eighty-nine patients with bladder cancer underwent multiple mucosal biopsies of the bladder mucosa 129 times between April 1980 and June 1983. In total there were 126 tumor specimens and 723 mucosal biopsies. Blood group antigens (BGA) were detected by means of the specific red cell adherence (SRCA) test in blood group A, AB, and B patients and direct immunoperoxidase method in blood group O patients. Histological abnormalities in this paper indicate transitional cell carcinoma, microinvasion of carcinoma in situ, carcinoma in situ, dysplasia and hyperplasia. The Kaplan-Meier's method was used for the estimation of recurrence-free rate and logrank test for testing the significance of difference in recurrence-free rate. The BGA-positive rate in mucosal biopsies was 17% for microinvasion of carcinoma in situ, 29% for carcinoma in situ, 47% for transitional cell carcinoma, 35% for dysplasia, 71% for hyperplasia, 100% for squamous metaplasia, 87% for proliferative cystitis and 77% for normal epithelium. Of histological findings, microinvasion of carcinoma in situ, carcinoma in situ, transitional cell carcinoma and dysplasia showed a significantly lower BGA-positive rate than proliferative cystitis and normal epithelium (P less than 0.001). The BGA-positive rate of main tumor was 61% in G1 tumors, 23% in G2 tumors and 21% in G3 tumors. The BGA-positive rate was shown to be decreasing with the increase in the histological grade of main tumor, and this reciprocal relationship was statistically significant (P less than 0.005). No statistical correlation between BGA in tumors and histological stage was found. The frequency of histological abnormalities in mucosal biopsy was 5.2% in patients with BGA-positive tumors, 21.2% in those with BGA-negative tumors, the difference being statistically significant (P less than 0.001). The 5-year recurrence-free rate after transurethral resection (TUR) was 57.3% in patients with BGA-positive tumors, 18.2% in those with BGA-negative tumors, the difference between the 2 groups being significant (P less than 0.001).

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1986

[Studies on multiple mucosal biopsy in patients with bladder cancer. 4. Evaluation of Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen in multiple mucosal biopsy and transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder].

The significance of Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen (T-Ag) in bladder carcinomas and multiple mucosal biopsies was studied. The T-antigen, a precursor of MN blood group antigen, is not found in normal cells, in which T-antigen is cryptic (cryptic T-Ag) but can be unmasked with neuraminidase digestion. Specimens of 27 main tumors and 201 mucosal biopsies from 28 patients with carcinoma in situ or microinvasion of carcinoma in situ were examined for the expression of T-antigen by Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase Complex (ABC) method with peanut agglutinin (PNA). The T-Ag-positive rate was 22% for G2 tumors, 56% for G3 tumors, while cryptic T-Ag-positive rate was 86% for G2 tumors and 50% for G3 tumors. The correlation between T-antigen, cryptic T-antigen and histologic grade was not statistically significant. The T-Ag-positive rate in mucosal biopsies was 43% in microinvasion of carcinoma in situ, 11% in carcinoma in situ, 17% in transitional cell carcinoma, 8% in dysplasia, 33% in squamous metaplasia, 33% in proliferative cystitis and 13% in normal epithelium. Of histological findings, microinvasion of carcinoma in situ showed a significantly higher T-Ag-positive rate than carcinoma in situ and normal epithelium (P less than 0.005, P less than 0.001). The cryptic T-Ag-positive rate in mucosal biopsies was 38% in microinvasion of carcinoma in situ, 74% in carcinoma in situ, 100% in transitional cell carcinoma, 82% in dysplasia, 100% in squamous metaplasia, 100% in proliferative cystitis and 96% in normal epithelium. Of the histological findings, carcinoma in situ, proliferactive cystitis and normal epithelium showed a significantly higher cryptic T-Ag-positive rate than microinvasion of carcinoma in situ (P less than 0.025, P less than 0.05, P less than 0.001). Microinvasion of carcinoma in situ expressed the T-Ag (43%), the cryptic T-Ag (21%) and lacked the cryptic T-Ag (36%). Microinvasion of carcinoma in situ showed statistically significant difference in the mode of T-Ag and cryptic T-Ag expression than other histological types in mucosal biopsies, including carcinoma in situ (P less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1984

ABO (H) blood group antigens and carcinoembryonic antigens as indicators of malignant potential in patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.

Immunoperoxidase methods were used to study ABO(H) blood group antigens and carcinoembryonic antigens in patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. In our study absence of blood group antigens in cancer tissues was not found to be correlated with histologic grade, stage and survival rate in patients with bladder carcinoma, while it was correlated with subsequent intravesical recurrences. In contrast, the presence of carcinoembryonic antigens in cancer tissues was correlated well with histologic grade, stage and survival rate. Our results suggest that immunoperoxidase detection of blood group antigens could not predict poor survival. In contrast, immunoperoxidase detection of carcinoembryonic antigens is of prognostic value in patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1982

[A study of combination chemotherapy with cis-diamminedichloroplatinum for advanced genitourinary carcinoma].

The patients with advanced testicular tumors and bladder carcinoma were treated by combination chemotherapies including cis-diamminedichloroplatinum. Four patients with advanced testicular tumors were treated with a combination chemotherapy, consisting of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum, vinblastine, and bleomycin or pepleomycin according to Einhorn's regimen. Three patients with advanced bladder carcinoma were treated with a combination chemotherapy consisting of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum, cyclophosphamide, and adriamycin according to Yagoda's regimen. These chemotherapy regimens produced 25% complete and 75% partial responses in testicular tumors and 100% of no change in bladder carcinoma. Although an overall response rate of three patients with bladder carcinoma was 0%, one patient was plateaustable for more than three months. We believe that the combination chemotherapy including cis-diamminedichloroplatinum is promising in the management of patients with advanced testicular tumors or bladder carcinoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the bladder: MR findings.

We report a case of inflammatory pseudotumor of the bladder in a 29-year-old woman with gross hematuria that was considered as embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma on biopsy specimens. MRI demonstrated a polypoid tumor covered by clot, which disrupted the low intensity of the bladder wall. The lesion exhibited an intermediate signal on T1-weighted images and prominent high intensity on T2-weighted images and was markedly enhanced. A pathologic study revealed a tumor of myxoid stroma invading into the deep muscular layer of the bladder wall.

Adult↗