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Biomedical subjects

M Ide

Publications and source records attributed to M Ide.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

A diffuse white matter ischemic lesion appearing 7 years after stereotactic radiosurgery for cerebral arteriovenous malformations: case report.

OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: Little information is available about radiation-induced complications occurring more than 5 years after radiosurgical treatment for arteriovenous malformations. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: We present a patient with arteriovenous malformations who experienced hemimotor weakness caused by a diffuse white matter necrotic lesion developing 7 years after gamma knife radiosurgery. The original nidus had been too large (24.1 cm3) to be totally covered and irradiated with a peripheral dose of 20 to 25 Gy. Therefore, the lower half of the nidus, which was adjacent to the major feeding artery, had been partially covered with a 30% isodose volume using two target points with an 18-mm collimator. A central dose of 70 Gy was used to obtain 21 Gy at the periphery. Complete nidus obliteration was angiographically confirmed 38 months after radiosurgery. After a 6-year uncomplicated period, this patient experienced a convulsive seizure and then mild right hemiparesis. INTERVENTION: Computed tomography demonstrated a diffuse hypodense area in the left white matter, which had not been revealed by the previous examination. With steroid treatment, this patient achieved clinical improvement, although there was no significant improvement in the computed tomography-demonstrated white matter lesion. CONCLUSION: Although the evaluation of this patient may not be sufficient and further examinations may be necessary, we tentatively conclude that the computed tomography-demonstrated hypodense lesion in this patient is a radiation-related necrotic lesion. Long-term follow-up is crucial, even after the "treatment goal" has been achieved.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Tumor cell counting using an image analysis program for MIB-1 immunohistochemistry.

A cell counting method for MIB-1 immunohistochemistry, using an image analysis program, NIH Image, on a personal computer, has advantages over manual cell counting by microscopy. MIB-1 slides were photographed at a magnification of x 50 on 24 x 36 mm color films and the photographs were then enlarged to adequate size for observation. The MIB-1-positive cells, on the enlargements, were marked with a white pen, and negative cells with a black pen. Subsequently, the image of an enlargement was converted into data that can be processed by the program using a flatbed image scanner. Threshold levels were adjusted according to the respective white and black markings, and the program automatically counted the number of MIB-1-positive and negative tumor cells. Our method has the following significant advantages: Once cells had been marked and the image converted into the NIH Image data, the cell count process was completed within a few minutes; in contrast to manual microscopic cell counting, count overlapping or cells missed by the observer are eliminated; overlapping nuclei could be separated by the marking procedure; our method required no elaborate and costly image analysis system. The present method may be recommended to researchers undertaking cell kinetic studies utilizing immunohistochemical methods.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1997

[1H-MRSI of Alzheimer's disease].

To evaluate neuronal change in the neocortex of the patients with Alzheimer's disease in early stage, proton MRSI study was performed in 13 probable AD patients and 6 healthy volunteers and the change of NAA, a putative neuronal marker, between the temporal cortex and the white matter including basal ganglia was analyzed. Proton MRSI data were measured with 3D-FT-CSI method, using spin echo method with TE = 135 ms. Two directional 16 x 16 phase encodings were applied on the field of 18 x 18 x 1.5 cm3. One voxel size was 1.9 cm3. Out of thirteen probable AD patients, 7 patents, who were considered in early stage, showed low NAA levels in the temporal neocortex without NAA change in the white matter including basal ganglia. Six patients, who were considered in more advanced stage, showed low NAA levels in both regions. NAA decrease in neocortical area is considered to be a good indication of AD in early stage at the examination with proton MRSI.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Short-term low dose methotrexate ameliorates abnormal bone metabolism and bone loss in adjuvant induced arthritis.

OBJECTIVE: To clarify whether short term weekly methotrexate (MTX) therapy aggravates bone abnormalities in adjuvant induced arthritis (AIA) or improves them through its antiarthritic effect. METHODS: Bone metabolism and bone mineral density (BMD) were studied in 6 groups of Lewis rats: (1) normal controls, (2) rats given MTX 0.3 mg/kg weekly, (3) rats given MTX 3 mg/kg weekly, (4) AIA rats, (5) AIA rats given MTX 0.3 mg/kg weekly, and (6) AIA rats given MTX 3 mg/kg weekly. Osteogenic activity was determined from serum osteocalcin levels and number of marrow fibroblast colony forming units (osteogenic precursor cells). Bone resorptive activity was assayed by detecting osteoclast-like cells and pit formation in bone marrow cultures. RESULTS: In control rats, MTX (3 mg/kg weekly) suppressed osteogenic activity, as shown by low serum osteocalcin levels and decreased growth of marrow fibroblast colony forming units. Osteoclast-like cells and pit formation in bone marrow cultures from control rats were increased by MTX, but BMD was unchanged. In rats with AIA, MTX (3 mg/kg) suppressed arthritis and restored the decreased osteogenic activity of bone marrow cells, and reduced their increased bone resorptive activity. These changes resulted in a significant increase of periarticular BMD in the femur. CONCLUSION: Low dose weekly MTX therapy had a favorable effect on abnormal bone metabolism and osteopenia in rats with AIA.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

MIB-1 staining index and peritumoral brain edema of meningiomas.

BACKGROUND: Growth rates and tumor aggressiveness of meningiomas are thought to be closely related to brain edema development. However, histopathologic data alone are not consistently accurate predictors of the behavior and clinical course of a meningioma. METHODS: The authors examined 57 histologically proven intracranial meningiomas to identify factors, including growth fractions determined by MIB-1 immunostaining, that may influence the development of meningioma-associated peritumoral brain edema. There were 54 benign, 2 atypical, and 1 anaplastic meningiomas. The MIB-1 staining index (SI) percentage was defined as the number of MIB-1 positive cells divided by the total number of tumor cells in a 1.037-square millimeter area on the slide. The extent of peritumoral brain edema was determined using preoperative magnetic resonance imaging. The extent of edema was classified as Grade 0,1, or 2 (GR0, GR1, or GR2), in order of increasing severity. RESULTS: The MIB-1 SIs of the 57 cases ranged from 0.06-6.8% (median, 0.80%). There were 26 GR0, 20 GR1, and 11 GR2 edema cases. The MIB-1 SI rose in order of increasing edema severity. There was a statistically significant correlation between the MIB-1 SI and the extent of brain edema (P<0.0001), and also between the tumor size and the extent of brain edema (P=0.001). Meningothelial and atypical/anaplastic meningiomas were associated with peritumoral brain edema more often than any other subtype (P<0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Growth fractions, as determined by MIB-1 immunostaining, rise with increasing severity of peritumoral brain edema, indicating a close relationship between tumor aggressiveness and edema development.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Epidemiological data on anorexia nervosa in Japan.

An epidemiological survey on anorexia nervosa was performed in Japanese hospitals in 1985 and 1992 using a questionnaire. The reported number of patients with anorexia nervosa was 2391 from 732 institutions. From these data, the total number of anorexia nervosa patients treated in 1985 in Japanese hospitals was estimated to be about 3500-4500. In 1992, the reported number of patients with AN was 2247. The total number of AN patients treated in 1992 was estimated to be about 4500-4600, which is a little higher than that in 1985 (3500-4500). The prevalence was 3.6-4.5 per 100000 among the general population, 6.3-9.7 per 10(5) among the female population, and 25.2-30.7 per 10(5) among the 13-29 year-old female population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Neuroimaging studies of postobliteration nidus changes in cerebral arteriovenous malformations treated by gamma knife radiosurgery.

BACKGROUND: Following radiosurgical treatment, the majority of patients with arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are periodically examined by means of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess the attainment of nidus obliterations, as well as adverse radiation effects in the surrounding brain. However, few neuroimaging studies of the long-term results following complete obliterations, confirmed by angiography, have been published to date. METHODS: CT, MRI, magnetic resonance (MR) angiographic and angiographic images, obtained after angiographic confirmation of complete nidus obliteration, were reviewed in 11 AVM patients treated with gamma knife radiosurgery. The period between angiographic confirmation of nidus obliteration and these most recent examinations was 12-84 months (mean, 29 months). RESULTS: In ten patients who were assessed by CT, the obliterated nidus was shown to be isodense (eight cases). A significant time-related decrease in contrast enhancement was observed within 1 to 2 postobliteration years (five/seven cases). Eight patients were evaluated by MRI. On T1-weighted imaging, the nidus was shown to be hypointense (six cases) or a mixture of hypointense and isointense areas (two cases). On T2-weighted imaging, nidus intensity varied more than than observed on T1-weighted imaging, and time-related intensity increases were observed (two/seven cases). No flow-signal void was demonstrated in any of these cases. In four of the seven cases, in which serial postobliteration follow-up MRI studies were conducted, significant gadolinium enhancement persisted 3 years or more after obliteration (maximum of 7 years). No vascular abnormalities were demonstrated in seven patients who were assessed by conventional angiography and/or MR angiography. CONCLUSIONS: Radiosurgery-induced changes in a nidus may continue for several years after angiography has shown complete AVM obliteration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Outbreak of acute glomerulonephritis in children: observed association with the T1 subtype of group A streptococcal infection in northern Kyushu, Japan.

Group A streptococcal infection is associated with the occurrence of acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) and rheumatic fever (RF). A surveillance study in the Saga area, in northern Kyushu, Japan, showed a small variation in the reported number of group A streptococcal infections in the period 1988-94. However, of the AGN cases reported in this period, more than half were observed in 1992. In order to examine whether some change had occurred in the serotype distribution of Streptococcus pyogenes during the period, patients in the Saga area diagnosed as having group A streptococcal infection and patients with AGN or RF were analyzed. Serological T-typing of S. pyogenes was carried out for patients with group A streptococcal infections, and the association between the occurrence of AGN or RF and the distribution of each different T subtype was analyzed. M-typing of S. pyogenes was also carried out and the correlation between T and M types was examined. From 1988 to 1994, the annual number of patients with group A streptococcal infections in the Saga area showed a small variation, range 65-100 patients/year. Of the 42 patients with AGN and three with RF observed in this period, 27 with AGN (64%) and one with RF (33.3%) were detected in 1992. Only the T1 subtype increased in 1992; the other T subtypes showed little variation in incidence. The number of patients with the T1 subtype was significantly correlated with the occurrence of AGN by regression analysis (P < 0.01). Of the 170 subjects tested for both T and M subtypes, 44 of the 45 T1-typed subjects had the M1 protein. Our epidemiological study suggested that the T1 subtype of streptococcal infection was associated with an outbreak of AGN in 1992 in the Saga area.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

Is unchanged tumor volume after radiosurgery a measure of outcome?

We report three patients who underwent Gamma Knife radiosurgery for benign tumors (meningioma, neurinoma and hemangioblastoma), in whom an 'unchanged tumor volume' demonstrated by postirradiation follow-up neuroimaging could be regarded as a successful treatment results, as compared with preradiosurgery tumor growth. It is our view that unless significant tumor growth has been observed before radiosurgery, 'unchanged in size' after radiosurgery cannot be regarded as a successful treatment result. Because relatively few hemangioblastoma patients have been treated radiosurgically, this report emphasizes the course of one case with hemangioblastoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[A 4-week oral toxicity study of prulifloxacin (NM441) in dogs followed by a 4-week recovery test].

A repeated dose toxicity study of prulifloxacin, a new antibacterial agent, was conducted in beagle dogs. Male and female dogs were given the test material orally for 4 weeks at doses of 0 (control), 30, 150 and 750 mg/kg. After discontinuation of the treatment, a 4-week recovery test was also conducted. Feces containing white material were seen in the 150 and 750 mg/kg groups. Salivation, prone, lateral or sitting position, gait disturbance, and locomotor depression were observed in the 750 mg/kg group. In this dose group, decreased body weight and food and water consumptions were also observed. There were no treatment-related effects on survival. Ophthalmoscopic and electrocardiographic examinations and urinalysis failed to show any abnormalities related to the treatment. Hematologic examination showed decreased WBC in the 750 mg/kg group. Blood chemical examination revealed increased GPT and alpha 2-globulin in the 750 mg/kg group. Pathological changes caused by the treatment were as follows. Rarefaction of matrix, cavitations and erosions in humeral and femoral articular cartilages, and inflammatory cell infiltration in synovium were seen in the 150 and 750 mg/kg groups. Focal hemorrhage in synovium was also observed in the 750 mg/kg group. In kidney, regeneration of tubular epithelium, inflammatory cell infiltration, fibrosis and crystalline substance in the tubular lumen were observed in the 750 mg/kg group. The above-mentioned changes were satisfactorily reversible except for the changes in the humeral and femoral articular cartilages and in the kidney. Plasma levels and urinary concentrations of active metabolite of the test material were increased in all dose groups with dose-related manner, whereby no sex difference was observed. No effects caused by the repeated dosing were seen in the plasma concentrations. Toxicological findings were not observed in the 30 mg/kg group. The results show that the NOAEL of prulifloxacin is 30 mg/kg for 4-week repeated dose toxicity in dogs.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1996

Radiosurgery for acoustic neurinoma with rapid growth and relatively high staining indexes for proliferating cell nuclear antigen and MIB-1.

A 54-year-old female presented with a rapidly growing acoustic neurinoma. The tumor doubling time was 216 days or less before surgery and staining indexes for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and MIB-1 were relatively high (4.1% and 2.1%, respectively). The tumor was partially removed, but regrowth was detected with a tumor doubling time of 205 days. She underwent gamma knife radiosurgery for the residual tumor. The periphery of the tumor was irradiated with a dose of 15 Gy. Magnetic resonance imaging 30 months later demonstrated significant tumor shrinkage. The tumor half time following irradiation was determined to be 401 days. Neither surgery nor radiosurgery produced any additional neurological deficit or complications. Gamma knife radiosurgery can control neurinoma growth even when the tumor shows rapid growth and a relatively high growth fraction indicated by high staining indexes for PCNA or MIB-1.

Cranial Nerve Neoplasms↗
PubMed1996

Gamma knife radiosurgery for brain tumors: postirradiation volume changes compared with preradiosurgical growth fractions.

The postradiosurgical volume changes were compared with preradiosurgical growth fractions defined as the tumor doubling time and/or MIB-1 staining index in 14 patients who underwent gamma knife radiosurgery for treatment of various brain tumors. The mean preradiosurgical observation period using neuroimaging techniques was 750 days (range 80-2967 days), and the mean follow-up period after radiosurgery was 664 days (range 328-1100 days). There were four neurinomas, three meningiomas, two craniopharyngiomas, two gliomas, one hemangioblastoma, one pituitary tumor, and one intracranially infiltrative lacrimal gland tumor. The mean patient age at the time of radiosurgery was 52 years (range 8-81 yrs). There were eight males and six females. Following gamma knife radiosurgery, the mean tumor half time was estimated to be 789 days (range 124-2101 days), and the volume reduction against the preradiosurgical tumor volume ranged from 6.3% to 76.1%. This study demonstrates that gamma knife radiosurgery can control tumor growth despite the lack of a correlation with preradiosurgical tumor growth or staining indices for MIB-1. Analyses of this type are essential to show that an "unchanged tumor volume" as demonstrated by postradiosurgery follow-up neuroimaging can be regarded as showing successful radiosurgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis in neurosurgery: clinical trial of systemic flomoxef administration and saline containing gentamicin for irrigation.

The efficacy of a new protocol consisting of a prophylactic antibiotic regimen of peri- and postoperative intravenous administration of flomoxef and irrigation of the operative field with saline containing gentamicin was assessed by comparing infection rates in two consecutive series of patients who underwent neurosurgical procedures. Group A received postoperative flomoxef administration, with saline containing no antibiotics for irrigation, from July 1988 to December 1989. Group B received the new protocol from January 1990 to December 1991. For further evaluation, this protocol was continued in most patients who underwent surgery from January 1992 through December 1993 (Group C). Only adult or adolescent patients who underwent clean neurosurgical procedures were included. The number of patients and procedures in each group were: 76 patients (97 procedures) in Group A, 103 (133) in Group B, and 107 (137) in Group C. There were no significant differences between Groups A and B in age, sex, clinical category, coexistent disease, clinical outcome, surgical procedures, general anesthesia, emergency operation, steroid administration, and the timing (season), duration, and frequency of surgery. Meningitis developed in three patients and subcutaneous infection in one in Group A. None of the patients in Group B experienced postoperative infection. This difference in infection rates (4.1% vs. 0%) was statistically significant (p = 0.0305). Furthermore, no postoperative infections developed in the Group C patients. The most appropriate interval for multiple dose administration was determined by analyzing intraoperative time-related changes in the serum flomoxef concentration during surgery in 21 recent patients. Serum flomoxef concentrations fell below therapeutic levels (3.0 micrograms/ml) by the 6th post-administration hour in 70% of patients. We conclude that this antibiotic regimen significantly reduces the postoperative infection rate following neurosurgical procedures. Multiple dose administration of flomoxef is recommended when the duration of surgery is 6 hours or more.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Cancer detection with whole-body FDG PET images without attenuation correction].

Whole-body positron emission tomography (PET) using 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) has been applied successfully for the detection of cancer. In PET studies, transmission scans for attenuation correction are usually performed. In whole-body PET studies, however, the transmission scans lengthen the acquisition time and are not practical for routine clinical use. Thirty-two patients underwent whole-body PET studies with transmission scans. A total of 106 lesions were true positive on corrected images. At the same time that the corrected images were being reconstructed, uncorrected images were also reconstructed and visually inspected. In a patient with a large breast cancer (11 cm in diameter), the parasternal metastatic lymph node was not identified on the uncorrected image because of image artifacts produced by high FDG accumulation in the breast cancer. In a patient with recurrent colonic cancer, paraaortic metastatic lymph nodes were not well visualized because of attenuation effects. However, 104 out of 106 (98.1%) lesions were recognizable on uncorrected images as well as corrected images. This suggests that uncorrected images can be used for the detection of cancers.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Cancer screening with whole-body FDG PET].

We are using whole-body positron emission tomography (PET) for cancer screening. A total of 1,105 healthy subjects have undergone PET studies 1,138 times in fifteen months. Emission scans were performed from the pelvis to the maxilla 45 to 60 minutes after intravenous administration of 260 to 370 MBq 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG). Malignant tumors were detected with PET in nine patients (0.81%): 2 lung cancers, 2 colonic cancers, 1 breast cancer, 1 thyroid cancer, 1 gastric cancer, 1 renal cancer, and 1 lymphoma. Eight of these patients underwent surgery (excepting the lymphoma patient). Lymph node metastasis was not observed in any of the eight cases and surgery was curative. PET scan results were negative in the cases of three prostatic cancers, one bladder cancer, and two colonic mucosal cancers. High FDG accumulations were noticed in benign lesions such as sarcoidosis, chronic thyroiditis, pulmonary tuberculoma, Warthin's tumor of the parotid gland, and chronic sinusitis. In some cases, image artifacts caused by intense myocardial FDG accumulations resulted in incomplete examinations of the lung. Occasionally, high FDG accumulations were observed in the bowel. Our study results suggest the possibility of using whole-body PET for detecting wide varieties of cancers in resectable stages.

Adult↗