Comparative efficacy of oral hypoglycaemic agents in diabetes mellitus.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
M Ibrahim
Publications and source records attributed to M Ibrahim.
Familial aggregation of blood pressure. Preliminary report.
Familial aggregation of blood pressure levels has been under study in a random sample of Buffalo families. Spouse aggregation has been demonstrated for couples married more than 15 years. Parent-child aggregation was limited to families in which father and mother had the same systolic blood pressure level in a five-response scale. Aggregation was further limited to parents and sons. In all comparisons in which aggregation was present, it was manifested most strongly in the lower range of systolic blood pressure values.
Adult↗
Teeth and blood lead levels in Egyptian schoolchildren: relationship to health effects.
The objective of this work was to study teeth and blood lead levels in Egyptian schoolchildren and to relate lead levels to sociodemographic and environmental factors, the degree of urbanization and suspected manifestations of possible lead exposure. The study was conducted on 60 children aged 6-12 years: 30 children living in an urban area at Alexandria City and 30 children living in a rural area at Kafr El-Sheikh Province. Both groups are matched for age and gender. Every child was subjected to history taking, clinical examination and IQ measurements. Laboratory investigations included measuring teeth and blood lead levels, haemoglobin, serum iron and total iron binding capacity. The results showed that the mean blood lead level of children in Alexandria was significantly higher than that of the children in Kafr El-Sheikh; also 56.7% and 6.7% of children from Alexandria and Kafr El-Sheikh had a blood lead level of >20 microg dl(-1), with the most frequent symptoms of headache, arthralgia and lack of school interest. The children in Alexandria had significantly lower mean teeth lead and haemoglobin levels than those of the Kafr El-Sheikh group. A history of wrapping sandwiches in newspapers, age and distance between the home and school were significant predictors of lead exposure. These findings support the concept that teeth lead concentration may be a valid addition to the indicators used for assessment of the body burden of environmental lead. In addition, children living in urban areas such as Alexandria need special consideration regarding protection from lead exposure, as well as teeth and blood lead evaluation.
Child↗
ParaSight-F test for the detection of treatment failure in multidrug resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
The ParaSight-F test for the detection of Plasmodium falciparum was evaluated for its accuracy and usefulness in predicting treatment outcome in 75 patients (70 males, 5 females) with acute uncomplicated malaria who attended a malaria clinic in Mae Sot, Tak province, on the Thai-Myanmar border. All patients were admitted to the clinic for 28 d to exclude reinfection. The test was performed using blood samples collected into ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid from the patients on admission, and on days 1, 2, 7, and 14. The presence of microscopically detectable parasitaemia was used as the reference for sensitivity and specificity of the test. The reappearance of parasites on day 28 was used to determine the accuracy of predicting the outcome of artemether treatment on day 14. The sensitivity of the ParaSight-F test on admission, and on days 1, 2, 7, and 14, was 98.7%, 96.7%, 100%, 100% and 100%, respectively, with corresponding specificities of 50%, 24.2%, 47.1% and 72.9%. The sensitivity for predicting recrudescence by using the test on day 14 was 100%, with 97.7% specificity, and the sensitivity of predicting a sensitive response on day 14 was 97.7%, with 100% specificity. The test seems to permit more precise detection of treatment failure under 'field' conditions if used on day 14 after the start of treatment.
Animals↗
In vivo evaluation of an intrathoracic ventricular assist device.
In this series of experiments, the Unified System components of the HeartSaver Ventricular Assist Device (VAD) version 5.0 were isolated from the controller and power supply for independent assessment. Five systems with external controller/power supply via a percutaneous lead configuration were tested in 13 male calves (101.8+/-4.3 kg). Two studies were ended acutely because of improper filling and air embolism, respectively. Duration of support was from 2.2 hours to 30 days (mean, 99+/-62 hours). The 30 day survivor was euthanized electively. Study termination was related to postoperative complications in five calves: two with bleeding/tamponade, one with thromboembolism caused by inadequate anticoagulation, and two with respiratory insufficiency. Other causes of termination were: one caused by main building power failure, two from errors in communication between the device and controller, and two caused by hydraulic fluid loss related to housing defects. From these experiments, an intrathoracic position for the calf has been defined, the procedure for implantation without cardiopulmonary bypass has been developed, refinements to the controller have been made, and inflow and outflow cannulae have been reinforced. Hydraulic fluid losses will be solved by proceeding with use of a titanium housing instead of polyurethane. In conclusion, the development of the HeartSaver VAD is progressing, in part because of these experimental and informative animal studies. Further in vivo evaluation of the final version will be conducted before clinical trials.
Animals↗
A case of Horner syndrome with intermittent mydriasis in a patient with hypoplasia of the internal carotid artery.
We report a rare case of hypoplasia of the right internal carotid artery (ICA) with ipsilateral congenital Horner syndrome. The etiology and pathogenesis of hypoplasia of the ICA is not well understood. Multiple types of collateral flow have been reported to develop to maintain blood supply to the ipsilateral cerebral hemisphere. Although collateral flow may allow these patients to remain asymptomatic, we postulate that the enlarged posterior communicating artery (PcomA) in our patient caused mass effect on the cisternal segment of cranial nerve III causing intermittent mydriasis apart from Horner syndrome.
Adolescent↗
Hydrocephalus and cerebral palsy due to Acinetobacter meningitis in neonate.
Earlier reports on acinetobacter infections in neonates described the infections as essentially opportunistic and indolent. We described here a case of acinetobacter infection in a neonate, which ran a relentless course and resulted in hydrocephalus and cerebral palsy. The difficulty encountered in establishing a bacteriological diagnosis in the absence of a qualified microbiologist is stressed.
Acinetobacter Infections↗
The Academic Public Health Caucus: an opportunity for showcasing innovations in public health curricula, training, and research.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Congresses as Topic↗
Clinical experience with an optical access trocar in gynecological laparoscopy-pelviscopy.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Development in surgical technology must demand not only improved efficacy and risk reduction but also a reduction in costs and efficient use of human resources. For 25 years we have discussed the development of optical access trocars and their probable benefits. They are now available in the form of the OPTIVIEW by Ethicon and the SURGIVIEW by US Surgical. METHODS: Between December 1996 and March 1997, we utilized the optic obturator trocar, OPTIVIEW, in 104 cases of gynecological operative laparoscopy. The instrument was equipped with an axial grip to facilitate ergonomic handling. RESULTS: The optical trocar was used with a Z-incision techniques in 16 cases; a vertical incision was used in 58 cases. In all of the gynecological procedures, the optical trocar was more advantageous than classic trocars placed without direct vision. Our estimation was that separation of tissue layers was very good in 71 cases, good in 26 cases and problematic in 5 cases. No complications occurred with the use of this trocar. The Z-incision was preferable to the vertical incision although it required a longer time of insertion of up to 5 seconds. Altogether, the OPTIVIEW presented an easy way of avoiding intestinal and vascular injury during initial trocar entry. CONCLUSIONS: The application of this new tool is practical, safe and handy. However, it requires training in its appropriate use. Vertical incisions should be sutured after removal of the instrument. Additional trocars need not be optical trocars as they can be placed under direct vision and laparoscopic control. It is our opinion that a combination of sophisticated new technologies such as the OPTIVIEW trocar, robotic arm, harmonic scalpel and 3-D vision would provide safe and efficient means to accomplish gynecologic laparoscopic surgical procedures.
Adult↗