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Biomedical subjects

M Ibrahim

Publications and source records attributed to M Ibrahim.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Long-term follow-up after surgery for patients with biliary atresia.

Long-term results after surgery for biliary atresia (BA) in 48 patients, ranging in age from 10 to 33 years, were examined. There were 19 males and 29 females. Twelve had correctable type BA and 36 had the noncorrectable type. Forty-one cases had no jaundice; seven did. Thirty-seven of the 48 cases were leading normal lives. Among them, six cases were enjoying their lives after overcoming sequelae, such as portal hypertension. The main morbidities of the remaining 11 long-term survivors were jaundice and portal hypertension. The growth of most cases were comparable to those of the normal Japanese population. The data of liver function tests were variable and disclosed a moderate degree of abnormality in patients mainly complicated by cholangitis. Eleven cases, including six jaundice cases, required treatment for esophageal varices and/or hypersplenism. In conclusion, the cured states of most cases without jaundice are satisfactory and these former patients have achieved a favorable quality of life. Early operations are essential to obtain good short-term results as well as good long-term results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Burkitt's lymphoma presenting with blindness: a case report.

A 10-year-old schoolboy was referred to the Ophthalmic Unit of Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital because of sudden loss of sight following 5 days of severe frontal headache. The child had bilateral ptosis with internal and external ophthalmoplegia and fixed and dilated pupils. There was no papilloedema. Eight days later, a jaw tumour and a rapidly enlarging abdominal tumour appeared. A fine needle aspiration biopsy of the jaw tumour confirmed Burkitt's lymphoma. Combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, vincristine and methotrexate (COM) led to a rapid resolution of the jaw and abdominal tumour but the child never regained his sight. Cerebrospinal fluid examination was not helpful in reaching a diagnosis.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

Dynamic-interaction of vitamin K and levamisole on phenylbutazone activities.

The results showed that co-administration of either vitamin K or levamisole along with phenylbutazone abolished the latter's anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities and reduced its analgesic effect. Prolonged administration of phenylbutazone alone to rats for 21 days increased significantly serum glutamate oxalacetate transaminase (SGOT) activity, urea and creatinine concentrations, while it decreased with significance uric acid concentration in the serum. Vitamin K, when administered together with phenylbutazone, reduced its effect on SGOT activity and creatinine concentration. Levamisole antagonised the uricosuric effect of phenylbutazone, when both were concomitantly given. Histopathological examination of the liver of rats, given phenylbutazone alone, showed mild degenerative changes, whereas in combination with levamisole these changes were exacerbated. Kidney showed oedema, degeneration, congestion, and haemorrhage. These changes were severe in rats, given phenylbutazone alone, moderate in levamisole-treated animals, and mild in those given both drugs. Combination of levamisole with phenylbutazone not only decreased the congestion of gastric mucosa but also activated the gastric glands.

Analgesia↗
PubMed1989

[The present status and problems in the treatment of biliary atresia with special reference to surgical and long-term results].

The surgical results are not satisfactory yet in Japan and only 46% of the patients are free of jaundice 3 years ago. However, we found many presentations which reported jaundice disappearance rate with more than 80% in the last several years. The main cause of death in jaundiced patients with the failed hepatic portoenterostomy was hepatic failure. Other causes of deaths in these patients, including those died within one month after operation, were peritonitis, cardiac and/or renal failure, hemorrhagic tendency and lung edema. The main cause of death in jaundice-free patients was rupture of the esophageal varices. We examined 48 long-term survivors ranging in age from 10 to 33 years. There were 41 cases without and 7 with jaundice. Thirty-seven (77%) of 48 cases were leading their normal lives. Among them, 6 cases were enjoying their lives after overcoming the sequelae, such as portal hypertension. The morbidities of the remaining 11 (23%) long-term survivors were jaundice in 7, portal hypertension in 5, encephalopathy after splenorenal shunt in 1 and so on. The cured states of most cases without jaundice are satisfactory and eventually these former patients can achieve a favorable quality of life.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Bronchial fistula caused by Pott's abscesses. Report of 3 cases].

The authors report 3 cases of intrabronchial fistulisation of paravertebral abscesses due to tuberculous spondylitis of the thoracic spine. This complication is relatively rare (these 3 cases were in a series of 178 cases of Pott's disease) and is easy to diagnose due to its characteristic radio-clinical features. As mentioned in old publications, this type of fistulisation does not seem to have serious consequences. There are no particular aspects of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The outcome of head injuries: the Saudi experience.

One analysis of the outcome of 159 cases of head injuries was based on patients' admission Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), score, age, CT scan findings and uniform protocol of management. Fifty-three percent of the patients were children below the age of 10 years and 70% of all patients were Saudis. Eighty-point-five percent (80.5%) of the patients had a GCS score of 8 or more and their outcome was favorable. By contract, the 19.5% who had an initial GCS score of 7 or less tended to be older and had a worse prognosis (mortality 68%). A high initial GCS score, old age, associated multiple injuries and a shift of more than 4 mm of the midline structures on CT scan of the brain are useful prognostic indices in predicting the outcome of head injury.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Familial hyperphosphatasaemia in a Nigerian child.

A 5-year-old Nigerian girl of normal intelligence had grotesque crippling skeletal deformities, multiple pathological fractures and dwarfism dating back to the end of the first year of life. She also suffered from recurrent lower respiratory tract infection since infancy. The clinical, biochemical and radiological profile were compatible with the diagnosis of familial hyperphosphatasaemia.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1987

The effect of labetalol on contractility of human myometrial preparations.

Because of results in animal experiments which demonstrated a partial beta 2-adrenoceptor activity of labetalol on rat uterine smooth muscle the present study was conducted in human preparations. The following results were obtained: 1. Rhythmic uterine contractions with a defined steady-state amplitude and frequency were elicited spontaneously and after methylergometrine. 2. Labetalol reduced amplitude of contractions dose-dependently after 3 h of incubation. Frequency was unaffected. 3. The tocolytic effect of labetalol is apparent only at high concentrations, above those used in the treatment of hypertension. 4. Neither beta 2-specific adrenoceptor blockade with ICI 118,551 nor alpha-blockade with phentolamine changed amplitude of contraction, either alone or in combination with labetalol. 5. Labetalol has little tocolytic effect on human myometrium in vitro. This effect is unrelated to alpha- or beta-antagonism, but seems to depend on a direct smooth muscle depressant effect. In conclusion, from the present in vitro experiments using human myometrial preparations, it seems unlikely that labetalol would interfere with the normal process of labor when used for the treatment of pregnancy hypertension.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1987

Traumatic respiratory insufficiency: comparison of conventional mechanical ventilation to high-frequency positive pressure with low-rate ventilation.

Eleven patients suffering severe traumatic respiratory insufficiency were mechanically ventilated using a new system which combined high-frequency positive-pressure ventilation (HFPPV) with low-rate conventional mechanical ventilation (LRCMV). Ten similar patients were ventilated by conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) with PEEP. HFPPV patients were fully conscious and cooperative during ventilation and did not need sedatives or muscle relaxants. Arterial oxygenation was significantly (p less than .005) better in HFPPV than CMV patients (89.91 +/- 10.24 vs. 78.43 +/- 11.13 torr, respectively), and pulmonary shunt was also better in the HFPPV group (13.1 +/- 4.7% vs. 20.4 +/- 6.4%, p less than .01). Moreover, inspired oxygen concentrations were lower (PaO2/FIO2 197.8 +/- 51.3 in the HFPPV group vs. 130 +/- 46.6 in the CMV group, p less than .005) and the time required for mechanical ventilation was shorter (4.2 +/- 0.91 vs. 6.1 +/- 0.8 days, p less than .1). All HFPPV patients immediately began breathing spontaneously when they were disconnected from the ventilator. We suggest this method as a better ventilatory mode for patients suffering traumatic respiratory insufficiency.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Immobilization of pig liver microsomes. Stability of cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenase activities.

Microsomes from pig liver were covalently coupled to Sepharose activated by CNBr and to Sephadex activated by 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole. Microsomes were also entrapped inside Ca-alginate and kappa-carrageenan gels. The concentration of immobilized cytochrome P-450 was determined by CO-difference spectra. The activity of the monooxygenase system was demonstrated by the N-demethylation of aminopyrine, the O-demethylation of p-nitroanisole, and the hydroxylation of perhexiline maleate. Upon immobilization, a 30-40% and a 60-70% decrease in Vappmax for the O- and N-demethylations were respectively observed. The Vappmax values for the hydroxylation of perhexiline maleate were essentially the same for the different immobilized forms and for the freely suspended microsomal cytochrome P-450. Under storage at 4 degrees C, microsomes entrapped inside kappa-carrageenan and Ca-alginate were less stable than the free microsomes, whereas immobilization on CNBr-activated Sepharose improved the stability of the hepatic microsomal monooxygenase system at the same temperature. These types of immobilized microsomes have the advantage of being easily recovered and reused for other assays. Finally, microsomes entrapped inside kappa-carrageenan or Ca-alginate can be used to follow up the continuous metabolization of p-nitroanisole for several hours in a stirred-batch reactor.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Significance of fluorescence spectra for the evaluation of lens opacities].

The fluorescence spectra of nucleus and cortex material from human lenses obtained as a result of extracapsular cataract extraction were observed. With advancing cataract formation the fluorescence spectra changed in a very characteristic way. The changes in ascorbic acid were compared with those caused by cataract development. Clinical application of corresponding measuring instruments would appear to make sense.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Microcolumn high pressure liquid chromatography with a glass-frit nebulizer interface for plasma emission detection.

Microcolumn high pressure liquid chromatography (micro-HPLC) is rapidly gaining recognition as a practical separation tool for organometallic compounds. The use of the inductively coupled plasma (ICP) as a detector for micro-HPLC is studied. Several miniaturized glass-frit nebulizers are investigated as interfaces between the output of the microbore column and the ICP torch. Their performance with aqueous and methanolic solutions is evaluated by direct nebulization and flow injection analysis. The most efficient of these nebulizers is used in the micro-HPLC/ICP study of some Cd, Pb, and Zn organometallic compounds. Detection limits of 1.92 ng of Pb for tetramethyllead and 5.01 ng of Pb for tetraethyllead are obtained and compared with regular HPLC/ICP of these same compounds. Approximately equivalent detection limits were obtained when using a microwave induced plasma as an alternate plasma source.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗