Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Ia Orgel'.
Group disease with hepatitis B (or A against the background of chronic HBsAg carrier state) may be diagnosed (or excluded) on the basis of high (or low) detectability of HBsAg in patients with jaundice. Perfection of epidemiological diagnosis is possible with implementation of indication of not less than three immunological markers: HBsAg, IgM anti-Hbs, IgM anti-HAV.
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False positive results obtained in the determination of the immune markers of hepatitis A by the methods of the passive reverse hemagglutination test and the enzyme immunoassay distort the course of the registration of the epidemic process and deteriorate the quality of the antiepidemic measures ensured to the population. The necessity of the standardization of available test systems is postulated.
The improvement of prophylaxis and the decrease of morbidity rate in hepatitis B are possible on the basis of the introduction of the information subsystem of epidemiological surveillance into practical health service, including health service in rural areas. The necessity of ensuring the specificity of highly sensitive immunodiagnostic techniques by using the combination of these techniques and competitive radioimmunoassay, as well as increasing their availability by the cooperation of laboratories at the district and regional levels, is emphasized.
The frequency of HBsAg detection by these two methods is similar, but only half of positive results is confirmed by both methods. This discrepancy appears to be explained by inadequate technology of the reagent preparation or by impossibility to rule out false-positive results. Combinations of highly sensitive methods for HBsAg indication are recommended for clinical diagnosis of hepatitis B.
To simplify the technique of radioimmunoassay, rubber holders were used that held the test tubes when the solid phase was washed with flow water. Instead of hermetically sealing the test tubes during incubation of the test samples and labeled antiserum, the authors have placed the samples in a polyethylene bath with wet cloth.
In regions with a low endemic incidence of hepatitis B familial foci of those with a history of viral hepatitis B and HBsAg carriers are less actual objects of epidemiological surveillance than foci of group diseases, chronic carrier state of HBsAg.
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The study has revealed that the concentration of HBsAg preparations is simple and easily performed with the use of polyacrylamide, but not dextran gels. Rheophoresis has been shown to be a more sensitive method of indication than countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis. Rheophoresis has been proposed for introduction into medical practice at rural health institutions.
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The introduction of prophylactics of hepatitis B in surgical departments results in 2 times lower growth of HBsAg carriers among medical men. The main prophylactic measures consist in an analysis of the donor blood and HBsAg examination of surgical patients, treatment of HBsAg carriers as acutely contagious persons, centralized sterilization of medical instruments and individual protection of the personnel.
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The use of Alsever's solution has abolished the necessity for taking intravenous blood and made it possible to divide the determination of HBsAg and antibodies to this antigen into two stages. The combined determination of HBsAg and its antibodies by the third-generation techniques improves the quality of the epidemiological survey of hepatitis B cases and the epidemiological observation of risk groups.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.