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Biomedical subjects

M I Davidov

Publications and source records attributed to M I Davidov.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Treatment of patients with ureteral calculi].

Various methods of treatment were introduced to improve the results of management of patients with stones in the ureters and early restoration of their working capacity. Emergency ureterolithotomy (197 patients) reduced the incidence of postoperative complications by 2.4 times and the duration of in-patient treatment by 1.8 times. Hermetic sealing of the ureteral suture with glue in ureterolithotomy (43 patients) led to airtightness of the suture in 93.0% of cases. Needle reflexotherapy relieved an attack of renal colics in 94% of patients. After general multicomponent vibration (71 patients) and sonic stimulation (216 patients) the stones were discharged in 80.3 and 93.1% of patients, respectively. The application of organizational measures (creation of a city center of emergency urological service) and introduction of new methods for treatment of ureteral stones reduced the terms of rehabilitation of patients by 1.8 times, the economical effect in this case came to 392,3 rubles per each patient.

Colic↗
PubMed1991

[Blood reinfusion in acute blood loss during urologic surgery].

In massive blood loss (1,000-4,900 ml) during operations on the kidneys and prostate in 42 patients, 900 to 3,600 ml of blood was reinfused. Thirty-seven (88.1%) patients recovered. Fatal outcomes in 5 cases were caused by complications of the principal and concomitant diseases and were unrelated to blood reinfusion. Study of the morphological, biochemical, and coagulation properties of the patients' blood showed gradual restoration of hemostatic values and no harmful effect of the reinfusion on the organism. The authors claim that blood reinfusion can be undertaken in operations on the kidneys and prostate when there are vital indications. Kidney tumors are a relative contraindication for reinfusion. Blood reinfusion is not indicated in purulent diseases of the kidneys.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Express method for evaluating the efficiency of bladder droplet irrigation].

The catalase test is proposed for objective and rapid evaluation of the efficiency of droplet irrigation of the bladder after operations on the prostate, bladder, and urethra. Three milliliters of irrigation fluid is collected from the bladder drainage into a tube with 0.5 ml 3% hydrogen peroxide solution. If catalase is present in the lavage fluid (this enzyme is present in erythrocytes, leukocytes, and bacteria), hydrogen peroxide is degraded and oxygen is released. In a positive test gas bubbles and foam appear on the surface of the mixture. Three degrees of positive catalase test are defined. The rate and volume of perfusion are regulated with consideration for the test results; constant irrigation can be replaced by fractionation; negative results of the test allow discontinuation of irrigation. The rapid method was clinically tried in 20 patients with good results.

Catalase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Iatrogenic foreign body].

Three cases of iatrogenic foreign bodies are described. In case 1 a large stone was removed from the urinary bladder of a 80-year-old man 8 years after suprapubic prostatectomy. The concrement contained a fragment of the gauze tampon left during that operation. In case 2 a surgeon trying to stop a profuse hemorrhage lost a surgical needle in paraurethral tissues above the urinary bladder of an elderly man undergoing prostatectomy. Because of the foreign body the patient developed complications: scarry obliteration of the bladder neck, concrement, a vesical fistula, chronic cystitis and chronic pyelonephritis. In case 3, the Dormia's basket broke with ureteral perforation and the metal fragments penetrated into the paraureteral fat in a 46-year-old woman undergoing ureterolithoextraction. 11 months later, the fragment migrated into the bladder wall and perforated it. The fragment was removed endoscopically.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Dermoid cyst of the testis].

The article reports a case of dermoid cyst of the left testis in a 18-year-old young man. The cyst contained masses of fat, a great number of hairs, multilayer squamous epithelium. The cyst was removed with preserving 1/2 of testicular parenchyma. The examination 3 years after the operation found no local recurrence, the spermogram was normal. 10 literature cases are analysed. Basing on these 10 cases, available in Russian medical literature, and one own case, the authors analyse clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of dermoid testicular cysts.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Glass foreign body in the kidney].

A rare case is reported of a glass foreign body which hit the kidney of a 25-year-old man in the moment of left lumbar injury with window glass. A large fragment of the glass was removed outpatiently, but the second fragment which penetrated into the left kidney was not detected. The patient was admitted to the urological hospital 2 months after the injury. The wound on the left side of the low back has healed, but the patient had macrohematuria, pains and declined function of the left kidney. Echography and x-ray detected a foreign body in the parenchyma of the left kidney upper segment penetrating into the upper caliculus and pelvis. After lumbotomy and pyelotomy the fragment 6.2x0.8x0.3 cm was taken out from the kidney. A complete recovery of renal function followed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The indications and contraindications for emergency adenomectomy in patients with severe concomitant diseases].

The authors have performed 631 urgent suprapubic transvesical adenomectomies in patients with prostate adenoma complicated by acute urine retention or hemorrhage. Prearranged and urgent interventions had, by the authors' experience, virtually the same rate of postoperative complications and lethal outcomes. The risk in urgent adenomectomy performed in 294 patients was attributed to their concurrent affections: postinfarction cardiosclerosis, myocardial ischemia or hypertensive crisis, hemiparesis after brain apoplexy, bronchial asthma, diabetes mellitus, hepatic cirrhosis, chronic lymphoid leukemia, drug polyallergy, multiple tumors of the urinary bladder, stomach, etc., in stage T1-3NOMO. 80 patients had intermittent chronic renal failure. In compensation of severe concurrent diseases and satisfactory condition of the patients urgent adenomectomy was conducted within 24 hours since hospitalization. Longer interval (within 24-72 hours) was necessary in subcompensation of the concurrent diseases, intermittent chronic renal failure which were intensively treated. The authors achieved uneventful postoperative course for 272 (92.5%) high-risk patients. Postoperative lethality made up 3.06%. According to 1-11-year follow-up 7 patients died, for the most part of blood and respiratory diseases. Functional long-term outcomes were good in 83.5% of the patients. Basing on their experience, the authors specify indications to urgent adenomectomy and optimal time of its conduction. Contraindications to urgent adenomectomy were revised and narrowed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prostatic adenomectomy in patients with a history of myocardial infarct, acute cerebral circulatory disorder and pulmonary thromboembolism].

Immediate and long-term outcomes of adenomectomy have been analyzed for patients with prostatic adenoma with a history of 1-3 myocardial infarctions (185 subjects), 1-2 episodes of cerebral circulation disorder (74 cases) on pulmonary artery thromboembolism (3 cases). The surgery was urgent because of acute urine retention for 88 patients, while it was scheduled in 174 patients. The postoperative developments were uneventful in 84.9%, 87.8%, 100% of postinfarction, postapoplectic and post-thromboembolism patients, respectively. Postoperative lethal outcomes occurred in 6.5% of patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis, 5.4% of those with postapoplectic complications. As shown by long-term follow-up available for 225 patients, 19 of them died (8.4%), 296 survived 1-11 years after the surgery. One more myocardial infarction developed in 17, apoplexy in 3 patients. Long-term functional results of adenomectomy can be considered good in most of the patients in absence of a significant progression of cardiovascular disease. The authors think adenomectomy not contraindicated and promising in terms of short- and long-term outcomes if made in above kind of patients 4, 6 and 9-12 months after myocardial infarction, pulmonary artery thromboembolism and disturbance of cerebral circulation, respectively.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The phagocytic test in the assessment of antimicrobial protection in inflammatory urologic diseases].

As shown in in vitro original modelling of red cell action on phagocytic process in the whole blood of patients with urological inflammation, these patients have increased count of neutrophils involved in phagocytosis, but low specific absorption of these neutrophils due to red cells. In chronic renal insufficiency characterized by a low phagocytic activity of neutrophils only stimulating potential of red cells can be noted.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Testicular prosthesis after subcapsular orchiectomy].

A technique of plastic testicular reconstruction from scrotal tissue after subcapsular orchiectomy has been developed. The procedure involves formation of a gauntlet graft from scrotal tissue which is implanted into tunica albuginea cavity after removal of testicular parenchyma. The graft is fixed in the cavity and the cut is sutured up to the graft pedicle. The grafts sized 5 x 4 x 3 cm-5.5 x 4.5 x 4.0 cm were established in 14 patients. Postoperative 4-year follow-up registered neither complications nor graft size diminution.

Bioprosthesis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Phytoperfusion of the bladder after adenomectomy].

For continuous irrigation of the bladder after prostatic adenomectomy herb infusion (Urtica dioica L. 12-15 g/l, Hypericum perforatum L. 8-12 g/l. Marticaria recutita L. 8-10 g/l, folia Plantaginis majoris 7-10 g/l, Herba Millefolii 4-6 g/l, folia Betula 3-5 g/l. Artemisia vulgaris L. 1-2 g/l, folia Fragaria vesca 3-4 g/l, water 11 maximum) was dripped through a thin suprapubic and urethral drainages. Such phytoperfusion of the urinary bladder used in 22 patients reduced postoperative blood loss, bacteriuria, prevented hemorrhagic and purulent inflammation following adenomectomy. Side systemic effects were not reported.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of meteorological factors on the incidence of acute urinary retention].

The implication of meteorological factors in the incidence of acute urinary retention (AUR) were studied in prostatic adenoma patients. The trial was performed in the city of Perm (population 1.1 million) situated in the temperate zone with continental climate. The only center for emergency urological aid registered all AUR cases observed in the city throughout 1980-1990. All 1504 episodes of AUR were recorded with reference to meteorological conditions on the day of admission (temperature, atmospheric pressure, etc.). The original data obtained after mathematical processing of the material indicate that AUR frequency goes up in day-to-day temperature fluctuations (5 degrees C and more), changes in atmospheric pressure (9 GPa and more) and in humidity (20% or more); in moderate and strong winds, cloudy wet weather, thunder storms. A complex of general and pharmacological measures is proposed to prevent AUR episodes in patients with prostatic adenoma.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A case of the multiyear presence of a foreign body in the bladder].

A unique case of a foreign body is reported. The body (a piece of copper wire 0.1 mm in diameter) entered the urinary bladder 27 years ago when the patient (his age was then 20) was self-abusing by introduction in the urethra of several thin copper wires. At the age of 47 the patient was admitted to the urological clinic with complaints of pain at urination, pollakiuria, macrohematuria. X-ray made the diagnosis of a bladder concrement with a foreign body in its center. Suprapubic cystotomy was made and the stone 40 x 30 x 16 mm in size was removed. The case eventuated in a complete recovery.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Sexual readaptation after the surgical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia].

Sexual function was studied in 818 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) before and after surgical treatment of this disease. Before surgery, sexual activity was absent in 276 examinees. After surgery 4.3% of them retained erection, 95.7% remained impotent. 542 patients before operations were sexually active. Surgical treatment of BPH (transurethral resection, transvesical adenomectomy) creates grounds for deterioration of sexual function and risk of erection loss. Thus, 77 operated patients had no erection, 176 had weak libido, 159--insufficient erection, 244 retrograde ejaculation, 188 painful orgasm. Transurethral resection led to a complete loss of copulative function in 5.3% of patients, transvesical adenomectomy--in 9.9%. Sexual readaptation after transurethral resection and transvesical adenomectomy has been improved due to a special complex developed by the authors. This complex consists of 14 therapeutic and prophylactic procedures.

Adaptation, Physiological↗