Biomedical subjects

M Hosono

Publications and source records attributed to M Hosono.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

[Aortic root replacement in Marfan syndrome with hemophilia A].

A 34-year-old man with Marfan syndrome was admitted to our hospital for surgical treatment of aortic regurgitation due to annuloaortic ectasia. He had no history of bleeding complications. Preoperative investigation revealed a slight prolongation of an activated partial thromboplastin time, which went unnoticed. He underwent aortic root replacement with a composite valve graft. During the operation, he had excessive bleeding due to coagulopathy after the termination of cardiopulmonary bypass, and needed a large amount of blood transfusion to obtain hemostasis. Before his discharge from our hospital, he was diagnosed as mild hemophilia A because of the decline in his factor VII level. To our knowledge, there has been no published case of cardiac operations in Marfan syndrome with hemophilia A.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

[New proximal anastomotic system in coronary artery bypass grafting].

The Heartstring proximal anastomotic system is a device designed to facilitate the creation of a clampless hand-sewn proximal anastomosis. Thirty-four patients who underwent coronary artery revascularization had 40 proximal anastomoses using the Heartstring device. There were 26 men and 8 women, with the mean age of 70 +/- 8.9 years. Thirty-one patients underwent coronary artery bypass grafting through off-pump procedures and 3 patients on-pump beating procedures. In all patients, saphenous vein grafts were anastomosed to the aorta using the Heartstring device, the median number of distal anastomoses being 2.4 +/- 0.7. Either emergent or urgent surgery was required in 14 patients (41%). Diseased aorta was found in 11 patients (32%). One patient (2.9%) died postoperatively due to ischemic necrosis of the small intestine and the colon. There was no occurrence of postoperative stroke. Of 40 saphenous vein grafts anastomosed with the Heartstring system, 39 (97.5%) were patent. The occluded saphenous vein was not considered to be device related. Our clinical experience demonstrated that the Heartstring system allow us to create clampless and reproductive hand-sewn proximal anastomosis and to decrease the incidence of neurological complication.

Aged↗

PubMed2004

Influence of different pneumoperitoneal pressures on tumor cell distribution in rats.

BACKGROUND: The effect of different pneumoperitoneal pressures on tumor cell distribution was investigated. METHODS: Donryu rats were allocated to receive carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum at 5, 10, or 15 mmHg for 60 min or to serve as a control. During the procedure, each rat was inoculated with radiolabeled ascites hepatoma cells via the portal vein (experiment 1) or femoral vein (experiment 2). In both experiments, the rats were killed 30, 60, 90, or 120 min after tumor cell inoculation, and the liver and lungs were extirpated for radioactivity count (n = 5 or 6 for each time point in each group). RESULTS: In experiment 1, the percentage of injected dose (% ID) for the liver was greater than for the other three groups 120 min after tumor cell inoculation. There were no significant differences in the %IDs of the lungs at any time point among the groups. In experiment 2, there were no significant differences in the %IDs of the liver and lungs at any time point among the groups. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that an elevated insufflation pressure facilitates the location of intraportally injected tumor cells in the liver, and that pulmonary location of the tumor cells may not depend on insufflation pressures in this animal model.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

Distribution of intrasplenically injected colon cancer cells following pneumoperitoneum in mice.

BACKGROUND: Few studies have examined tumor cell distribution following laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer. We examined the effect of carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum on the distribution of intrasplenically injected colon cancer cells in mice. METHODS: Mice were intrasplenically injected with 2 x 10(4) colon 26 cells labeled with 111In-oxine and were randomized to undergo pneumoperitoneum at 10 mmHg for 30 min or to receive no treatment other than anesthesia. Radioactivity of the liver, lungs, and spleen was measured 30, 60, 90, or 150 min following tumor inoculation. RESULTS: The dynamic changes in the hepatic radioactivity were not similar between groups. However, the values were not significantly different at any time point. The radioactivity of lungs was extremely low in both groups throughout the experimental period. CONCLUSIONS: Pneumoperitoneum does not appear to cause the accumulation of intraportally spreading tumor cells in the liver, but it may affect the dynamic changes of tumor cells. Also, tumor cell localization in the lungs is negligible in both pneumoperitoneum and control groups.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed2003

[In situ graft replacement for the thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm with abscess around the aorta; report of a case].

A 58-year-old woman who complained of epigastralgia, back pain and pyrexia was admitted for further examination. A computed tomography (CT) scan revealed an abnormal mass between the descending aorta and esophagus. Exploratory thoracotomy was performed and brown purulent fluid was drained from the mass. Postoperatively, the white blood cell count normalized and the patient become afebrile. Eleven days postoperatively, circa 500 ml of blood discharged from a chest drain tube. A CT scan demonstrated enlargement of the thoracoabdominal aorta, necessitating an emergency operation. A pseudoaneurysm was found in the thoracoabdominal aorta, with inflammation in the aortic wall. On opening the aneurysmal sac, the intima of the aorta was found to have a partial defect. In situ graft replacement of the thoracoabdominal aorta and reconstruction of the intercostal artery were performed. Finally, a pedicled omental flap was used to cover the artificial graft. Two years postoperatively, the patient is doing well with no recurrence of infection.

Abscess↗

PubMed2003

[Redo coronary artery bypass operation under beating heart via the left thoracotomy reusing patent grafts].

We report three cases of successful redo coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) under beating heart via left thoracotomy with recycling of patent grafts previously implanted. Case 1 and 2: Anginal attack relapsed due to occlusion of the proximal portions of saphenous vein grafts (SVG) that had been sequentially anastomosed to the left coronary artery branches. In each case, the distal portion of the SVG was patent and functioned as coronary-coronary bypass. The left internal thoracic artery graft (ITAG) anastomosed to the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was patent. Each patient underwent off-pump CABG through a left posterolateral thoracotomy. CABG was performed with the radial artery to the circumflex coronary artery (case 1) or the circumflex coronary artery and previous SVG (case 2). The proximal ends of radial artery grafts were anastomosed to the descending aorta. Case 3: Simultaneous reoperative CABG and the operation for the pseudoaneurysm that developed after the abdominal aortic graft replacement were performed. Bypass grafting between ITAG and LAD was performed with SVG via a left anterolateral thoracotomy because of severe anastomotic stricture of ITAG-LAD. The postoperative courses was uneventful for all patients.

Aged↗

PubMed2002

Non-invasive quantitative monitoring of cerebral blood flow in aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage with 99mTc-ECD.

The purpose of this prospective study was to detect symptomatic cerebral vasospasm in aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) by a non-invasive mean cerebral blood flow (mCBF) quantification using 99mTc-ethyl cysteinate dimer. Measurement of mCBF without blood sampling and single photon emission tomography (SPECT) were performed at 1 and 7 days after surgery in 35 consecutive SAH patients, of whom 16 were examined at day 30 as well. A decrease in mCBF of more than 10% on day 7 versus day 1 was considered to indicate vasospasm. On visual interpretation of SPECT, a perfusion decrease which appeared newly on day 7 was considered to indicate vasospasm. In total, nine of 35 patients had cerebral vasospasm confirmed by computed tomography (CT) and/or angiography. The mCBF measurement showed a 77.8% (7/9) sensitivity, a 88.5% (23/26) specificity, a 70.0% (7/10) positive predictive value, and a 92.0% (23/25) negative predictive value. SPECT yielded a 33.3% (3/9) sensitivity, a 73.1% (19/26) specificity, a 30.0% (3/10) positive predictive value, and a 76.0% (19/25) negative predictive value. On SPECT, decreased perfusion was observed in most of the patients at clipping sites, which might represent post-operative transient abnormal perfusion and should not be read as vasospasm. In conclusion, this mCBF measurement is more accurate than visual interpretation of SPECT for detecting vasospasm.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Increased insufflation pressure enhances the development of liver metastasis in a mouse laparoscopy model: possible mechanisms.

BACKGROUND: The effect of different insufflation pressures and durations of CO2 pneumoperitoneum on the growth of liver metastasis was investigated in a mouse model. The possible mechanisms involved in the pressure-related enhancement of liver metastasis were also examined. METHODS: Mice inoculated intraportally with colon 26 cells underwent CO2 pneumoperitoneum at different pressures (5,10, or 15 mmHg) for 30 or 60 min, or received no treatment other than tumor cell inoculation (control). The subsequent growth of liver metastases was examined. Mice injected intraportally with 111In-oxine-labeled colon 26 cells underwent pneumoperitoneum at three different pressures or served as controls. The radioactivity of the liver was determined to evaluate tumor accumulation in the liver. Mice received pneumoperitoneum at three different pressures or received trocar placement alone. Changes in plasma interleukin-6 levels were determined. RESULTS: The growth of liver metastases on day 14 was influenced by increased insufflation pressures (p < 0.05) rather than the prolonged duration of pneumoperitoneum without significant interaction. The 15-mmHg pneumoperitoneum group showed a higher (p < 0.05) accumulation of radioactivity in the liver compared with the 5-mmHg pneumoperitoneum group and controls. Pneumoperitoneum groups with 5 and 10 mmHg showed higher (p < 0.05) peak levels of IL-6 compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS: An elevated insufflation pressure plays an important role in the enhancement of liver metastases, and this pressure-related adverse effect may be partly relevant to facilitating accumulation of tumor cells in the liver.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

p53 and H-ras mutations and microsatellite instability in renal pelvic carcinomas of NON / Shi mice treated with N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine: different genetic alteration from urinary bladder carcinoma.

We previously reported p53 mutations to be frequent (greater than 70%), whereas both H-ras mutations and microsatellite instability (MSI) were infrequent (about 10%), in urinary bladder carcinomas (UBCs) and their metastatic foci in the N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (BBN)-induced mouse urothelial carcinogenesis model. In the present study, an analysis of p53 and H-ras mutations as well as MSI was performed on 12 renal pelvic carcinomas (RPCs) and 8 metastatic or invading foci produced by the same experimental procedure. Histologically, 10 of the RPCs were transitional cell carcinomas and the remaining 2 were squamous cell carcinomas. p53 mutations were infrequent and only found in one primary RPC (8%), its metastatic foci and an invading lesion in another animal (in a total 2 of 12; 17%). H-ras mutations were slightly more frequent (found in 3 of 12 animals; 25%), 4 of 5 involving codon 44, GTG to GCG, not a hot-spot reported for human cancers. In two cases, H-ras mutations were confined to lung metastasis and not detectable in their primary RPCs. MSI analysis was available for 6 pairs of primary RPCs and their metastatic foci, and 4 animals (67%) had MSI at one or more microsatellite loci. Overall, the distribution of genetic alterations differed from that in UBCs produced by the same experimental protocol. The results thus suggest that different genetic pathways may participate in carcinogenesis of the upper and lower urinary tract due to BBN.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

Metastatic synovial sarcoma of the left ventricle.

A metastatic synovial sarcoma of the left ventricle is described. A 26-year-old Japanese woman underwent resection of a synovial sarcoma of the right thigh 8 years prior to admission, which was followed by multiple surgical procedures for pulmonary metastasectomy. Echocardiography demonstrated obstruction of the outflow tract of the left ventricle caused by a metastatic tumor, which was surgically resected on the day of admission. The histologic characteristics of the cardiac tumor were identical to those of the pulmonary metastases. Additional cardiac metastasectomy was performed 9 months later. She complained of dyspnea on exertion 8 months after the second cardiac metastasectomy due to recurrence in the heart. Radiotherapy with LINAC (a total dose: 50 Gy) diminished the size of the tumor temporarily. The patient died 20 months after the initial cardiac metastasectomy.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Induction of the expression of SCF in mouse by lethal irradiation.

To clarify what kinds of cytokines are actually contributing to proliferation of hemopoietic stem cells in vivo after lethal irradiation, we have investigated the expression of some cytokines by RT-PCR method. Above all, expression of the SCF was increased significantly in the bone marrow cells soon after lethal irradiation in both the Sca-1 (+) bone marrow cells injected and non-injected mice. The day 6 serum from the lethally irradiated mice could support the proliferation of the Sca-1 (+) bone marrow cells, even though the serum from normal mice could not. The quantification analyses have revealed the increase of the amounts of IL-6 and flt3-ligand in their serum, but not significant increase of the amount of SCF. Precise PCR analysis has revealed that the cell surface associated form of SCF was significantly induced in the bone marrow after lethal irradiation. These data indicate that the cell surface form of SCF mainly promotes the proliferation of hemopoietic stem cells with some soluble cytokines under sever lack of hemopoietic stem cells in vivo caused by lethal irradiation and also suggest the importance of direct cell-to-cell interaction on proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells in vivo.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

Slow induction of milrinone after coronary artery bypass grafting.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the hemodynamic effects of a slow induction of milrinone after open heart surgery. Twenty patients who underwent elective coronary artery bypass grafting were randomized into two groups, with 10 patients receiving a continuous infusion of milrinone (5 microg/kg/min) (group M), and 10 patients undergoing treatment without milrinone (group C). This is a preliminary study for evaluating the efficacy of a slow induction of milrinone, so patients in low cardiac output state were excluded. A continuous infusion without an initial loading dose was initiated in the intensive care unit. Hemodynamic parameters and the concentration of milrinone were measured 90 minutes and 3 hours after initiation of the milrinone infusion. A significant decrease in arterial pressure occurred at 3 hours in group M, and both the systemic vascular resistant indices decreased significantly (p<0.05) at 90 minutes. No significant changes occurred in group C. Cardiac index and heart rate increased significantly (p<0.05) in group M, but were unchanged in group C. No significant change in double product was observed in either group. Hypotension (systolic blood pressure less than 100 mmHg) or arrhythmia did not occur in group M. The concentration of milrinone at 90 minutes and 3 hours was 97+/-22 and 124+/-27 ng/ml, respectively. A slow induction of milrinone is safe and effective in patients following cardiac surgery.

Aged↗

PubMed2001

Aortic valve replacement in a patient with factor XII deficiency: case report.

Congenital factor XII deficiency is a rare condition. We report a case of aortic valve replacement (AVR) in a 63-year-old man with factor XII deficiency. On admission, the patient's activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) was prolonged (271 s), and activated clotting time was 500 s. His factor XII level was <3%. The Sonoclot signature showed an abnormal pattern. AVR with a prosthetic valve (St. Jude Medical) was performed safely after the normalization of aPTT and the Sonoclot signature by frozen plasma transfusion. The perioperative management in patients with factor XII deficiency is discussed.

Aortic Valve↗

PubMed2001

[Value of nuclear medicine in pulmonary hypertension].

Clinical applications of nuclear medicine in pulmonary hypertension (PH) include: 1) Differentiation of primary from chronic thromboembolic form of PH by mismatched ventilation/perfusion defects, 2) Quantification of right ventricular ejection fraction to estimate cardiac functional derangement, 3) Estimation of right ventricular hypertrophy or pressure overload by increased accumulation of radioactive myocardial perfusion agents, and 4) Estimation of myocardial sympathetic nervous function or fatty acid metabolism. Gravity dependent shift of pulmonary perfusion detected by perfusion scintigraphy has also been utilized for estimating severity of PH. Positron emission tomography (PET) has visualized distribution of pulmonary adrenergic receptors and angiotensin converting enzyme. PET, in addition to F-18 FDG lung tumor PET, should be watched for because it may visualize and quantify other bioactive substances and receptors in the lung.

Chronic Disease↗

PubMed2000

Genetic analysis of lifespan in hybrid progeny derived from the SAMP1 mouse strain with accelerated senescence.

The SAMP1 mouse, a senescence-accelerated mouse prone (SAMP) strain, shows accelerated senescence coupled with a short lifespan as a genetic trait, and has been used in gerontological research. The accelerated senescence and short lifespan of SAMP strains is considered to be under the control of multiple genes. To identify the chromosomal regions encompassing the genes for the accelerated senescence and short lifespan, we performed whole genome scanning with polymorphic marker loci in a progeny from a cross between the SAMP1 strain and normal B10.BR strain. A genetically recessive effect of the amyloidogenic Apoa2(c) allele from SAMP1 on chromosome 1 to shorten the lifespan was demonstrated in the progeny, consistent with the previous report. The recessive effect was observed also at D1Mit67, D5Mit267, D6Mit384 and D19Mit33, suggesting the presence of genes for accelerated senescence in the SAMP strains around these loci. Other markers on chromosomes 8, 14, 16, and 17, however, exhibited a dominant or additive effect to shorten or prolong the lifespan, demonstrating a complex genetic control of the trait.

Aging↗

PubMed2000

Antinociceptive effect of cilnidipine, a novel N-type calcium channel antagonist.

We investigated the antinociceptic effects of cilnidipine, a dihydropyridine derivative which acts on both L- and N-type voltage-dependent calcium channels, in mice. Intrathecally injected cilnidipine showed significant analgesic effect in formalin test. Cilnidipine significantly suppressed N-type currents in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cells. Our findings apparently support the idea that cilnidipine attenuates synaptic neurotransmission by inhibiting N-type calcium channels in DRG neurons.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

Rhenium-188-labeled anti-neural cell adhesion molecule antibodies with 2-iminothiolane modification for targeting small-cell lung cancer.

We have evaluated the potential of 188Re-labeled monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) modified with 2-iminothiolane (2IT) for targeting small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Radiolabeled MAbs NK1NBL1 and C218 recognizing neural cell adhesion molecule were injected i.v. into athymic mice inoculated with human SCLC tumors, and the biodistribution was examined. NK1NBL1 localized in the tumors better than C218. 188Re-labeled MAbs cleared from the blood faster than 125I-labeled counterparts, resulting in higher tumor-to-blood ratios. In conclusion, the 188Re-labeled MAbs are attractive candidates for imaging and therapy of SCLC.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

Duplex scanning to assess radial artery suitability for coronary artery bypass grafting.

OBJECTIVE: Radial artery suitability in coronary artery bypass grafting was assessed using duplex ultrasonography. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The vascular condition along the entire radial artery was scanned in 55 patients, measuring the internal diameter and mean flow velocity at the wrist (distally), after ulnar artery branching (proximally), and midway between these 2 points (medially). Distally along the radial and ulnar arteries, the mean flow velocity was determined before and after radial artery occlusion. RESULTS: Atherosclerotic changes were detected in 4 patients. The internal diameter was 3.1 +/- 0.4 mm proximally, 2.7 +/- 0.3 mm medially, 2.4 +/- 0.4 mm distally. The distal flow velocity was 0, and a reverse flow (peak velocity: 11.3 +/- 6.0 cm/s) was observed after the occlusion test in patients with an intact palmar arch, their mean flow velocity, 21.1 +/- 8.9 cm/s, and flow distally along the ulnar artery 58.0 +/- 23.4 ml/min, were higher after the occlusion test than before it 14.7 +/- 6.7 cm/s mean flow and 38.1 +/- 15.9 ml/min distally. This was not observed in patients with an interrupted palmar arch. In 15 patients, radial arteries could not be used because of their small internal diameter, lack of a radial artery, poor vascular condition, or an interrupted palmar arch evaluated using duplex scanning. CONCLUSION: Reliable noninvasive assessment of radial artery anatomy and palmar arch continuity is thus possible using duplex ultrasonography.

Coronary Artery Bypass↗