Biomedical subjects

M Hosaka

Publications and source records attributed to M Hosaka.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

PubMed1998

[Analysis of the prognostic factor in the patients with locally invasive bladder cancer who underwent total cystectomy].

OBJECTIVES: Prognosis and related factors were analysed as for the patients with locally invasive bladder cancer who underwent total cystectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection. METHODS: Between January 1977 and December 1996, a hundred and one patients with locally invasive bladder cancer underwent total cystectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection at University Hospital. Survival rates of these patients were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method and statistical significances were analysed by univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: Most significant factor was PS at cystectomy and pN was next. Survival rate of the patients who underwent total cystectomy after 1988 showed significantly better than others. Thirteen patients achieved complete response by preoperative therapy. But, two of them who had positive nodes were died by cancer. CONCLUSION: Considering from these results, performance status at cystectomy and lymph node metastasis are predictable prognostic factor for locally invasive bladder cancer patients.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

[Nonoperative management of major blunt renal lacerations with urinary extravasation: report of two cases].

Two cases of major blunt renal trauma with urinary extravasation managed by conservative treatment are presented herein. The first case: A 13-year-old girl fell from a bicycle. A computed tomographic (CT) scan showed right renal laceration with retroperitoneal hematoma. Renal arteriography showed evidence of fresh arterial bleeding without visualization of the lower pole. She was treated conservatively with superselective arterial embolization of the lower pole. She developed no urinoma with normal renal function. Renal renin and blood pressures stayed within the normal range in follow up studies. The second case: A 12-year-old boy fell from a tree and hit his right flank. A CT scan showed fragmentation of right renal cortex with retroperitoneal hematoma. He was treated conservatively as his vital signs remained stable, no active arterial bleeding was found no renal arteriography and both renal pelvis and ureters were well visualized by intra venous pyelography. Retroperitoneal hematoma was absorbed without formation of urinoma. Renal function remained within normal limits in follow up studies.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

[Case report of a recurrent nephrotic syndrome patient with sudden onset of blindness during treatment with cyclosporin A].

We report a case of recurrent nephrotic syndrome with transient blindness after taking cyclosporin A (CsA). Renal biopsy showed minimal change of nephrotic syndrome and the patient was treated with predonisolone (PSL) and cyclophosphamide leading to remission of nephrosis. CsA was given to the patient. Because of recurrence of nephrotic syndrome after tapering off PSL to 5 mg a day, 12 days after taking CsA, the patient complained of sudden onset of left eye blindness lasting for 30 minutes. When the patient visited our hospital, the disturbed vision had recovered already and there were no abnormal neurological findings, such as tremors and seizures. Funduscopic examination revealed no evidence of abnormalities and brain computerized axial tomography was unremarkable. From these findings, we predicted that constriction of an artery and temporarily formed thromboembolization in an eyeground artery had caused the sudden vision disturbance. Even though there is a high incidence of thrombotic complications in cases of nephrotic syndrome, we believe that vascular constriction and formation of thrombi in the eyeground artery of the case were mediated by the pathogistic effects of CsA. Because actions in association with CsA may produce constriction of small arteries, there by decreasing blood flow, initiating coagulopathy and causing endothelial cell damage, all these effects may lead to the formation of thrombo-embolic complications. In addition, when using CsA for the treatment of nephrotic syndrome, anti-platelets and/or anti-coagulant medicines should be concomitantly prescribed to avoid the thrombo-embolic complications.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

Chylous reflux into the lower limb with septic shock successfully treated by resection of the retroperitoneal megalymphatics.

A 15-year-old boy with primary chylous reflux into the left lower limb with septic shock was successfully treated by en bloc resection and ligation of the retroperitoneal megalymphatics. The episode of chyle discharge from the lower limb and/or genitalia and the presence of small vesicles of the skin may be an important sign in diagnosing chylous reflux. Surgical interruption of the chylous reflux and reduction of girth may be needed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

[Long-term survival of bladder preservation therapy with radiation and chemotherapy for locally invasive bladder cancer].

The prognoses and prognostic factors of the 54 patients with locally invasive bladder cancer who underwent bladder preservation therapy at Yokohama City University Hospital between 1977 and 1995 were analyzed statistically. The therapeutic modalities of bladder preservation were mainly radiation or chemotherapy. The prognosis for the patients who underwent bladder preservation therapy was worse than that for the patients who underwent total cystectomy. The prognostic factors of these patients were size and grade of tumor, presence of hydronephrosis and performance status (PS) of the patients by univariate analysis. Tumor grade was the most predictable prognostic factor using multivariate analysis. Only 17 patients survived more than 5 years after treatment; 78% of the survivors had good PS (0 or 1). Five of them died of cancer and two patients were alive with cancer. All of them had G3 tumors. These results suggest that patients with locally invasive G2 tumor could be candidates for bladder preservation therapy and patients who underwent bladder preservation therapy should be evaluated at 10 years post-therapy.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

[Prognostic significance of clinical stage including extent of disease (EOD) in prostate cancer].

We analyzed the prognostic significance of clinical stage using extent of disease (EOD) grading system in 288 patients with prostate cancer between 1970 and 1994. The cause-specific survival rate for EOD4 was significantly lower (p < 0.01) than that for the other EOD categories. On the other hand, the cause-specific survival rate for EOD1 was significantly higher (p < 0.01) than that of the other EOD categories, and moreover, it was similar to the cause-specific survival rates for stage C and D1. The cause-specific survival rate of EOD1 and poorly differentiated cases was higher than that of EOD2 or 3 and well or moderately differentiated cases until 2 years after treatment, but after 3 years, the cause-specific survival rate for EOD1 and poorly differentiated cases was lower than that for EOD2 or 3 and well or moderately differentiated cases. These findings suggest that the volume of cancer is associated with the prognosis of prostate cancer that failed in radical treatment and that in stage D2, histological grade is more closely associated with the prognosis after treatment for 3 years.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1998

[Results of clinical study with epirubicin hydrochloride injectable solution for superficial bladder cancer. IMI28 Injectable Solution Study Group for Superficial Bladder Cancer].

A 7-center cooperative clinical study with a new formulation of epirubicin hydrochloride injectable solution (Epirubicin-RTU) was conducted in patients with superficial bladder carcinoma. Epirubicin-RTU at the dose of 60 mg/30 ml was administered by intravesical instillation once daily for three (3) consecutive days and a 4-day drug-free interval followed; then the above intravesical instillation of Epirubicin-RTU was repeated for three consecutive days. All 20 registered cases were eligible, and 18 cases completed the whole course of the study. In 18 completers, CR was observed in 12 cases and PR was observed in one (1) case, for an efficacy rate of 72.2%. The primary adverse reaction was bladder irritation including pollakiuria 85.0% (17/20), miction pain 85.0% (17/20), and hematuria 80.0% (16/20), which were all reversible and tolerable. In urinalysis, urinary sediment showed leukocytes and erythrocytes, and proteinuria was observed. All were reversible. From the above results, this new formulation of Epirubicin-RTU was considered useful for the treatment of superficial bladder carcinoma.

Administration, Intravesical↗

PubMed1998

[Long-term administration study of propiverine hydrochloride (BUP-4 tablets) in pollakiuria and urinary incontinence].

The safety and efficacy of one-year administration of propiverine hydrochloride (BUP-4 tablets) were assessed in facilities affiliated with the Department of Urology of Yokohama City University School of Medicine. Changes in subjective symptoms showed significant improvement in mean frequency of urination in the daytime from 10.3 +/- 4.0 times before administration to 7.1 +/- 2.9 times 1 year after the start of administration, in mean frequency of voiding at night from 4.2 +/- 1.7 times to 2.1 +/- 1.1 times and in mean incidence of urinary incontinence from 2.9 +/- 2.1 times to 0.7 +/- 1.0 times. The final degree of overall improvement rate was 82.0% (41/50 cases). Adverse effects were observed 26 times in 22 patients, the incidence being 15.6% (22/141 cases). They consisted of digestive symptoms in 9.9% (6 events of dry mouth, 4 of constipation, 2 of abdominal discomfort, 2 of diarrhea and 1 of gastritis), urinary tract symptoms in 3.5% (4 of dysuria and 1 of residual urine), abnormal laboratory findings in 1.4% (increase in glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase or lactate dehydrogenase levels) and others (1.4%). These results provide further evidence of the safety and efficacy of propiverine hydrochloride (BUP-4 tablets) even when administered for a long-term in the treatment of patients with pollakiuria and urinary incontinence.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1997

Rupture of flexor tendons due to pisotriquetral osteoarthritis.

We are reporting a case of a flexor profundus tendon rupture of the little finger due to pisotriquetral osteoarthrosis. Resection of the pisiform bone and resurfacing of the carpal tunnel with the joint capsule was performed for the osteoarthrosis and free tendon grafting for the tendon rupture. The tendon grafting and a subsequent tenolysis restored the function of the little finger. Other than radiological changes in the pisotriquetral joint, the diagnostic value of preoperative radiocarpal arthrography was emphasized in this rare complication of pisotriquetral arthrosis.

Aged↗

PubMed1997

Predictive value of argyrophilic nucleolar-organizer-region-associated proteins in bladder cancer, using cell-imprint preparations.

The predictive value of quantifying argyrophilic nucleolar-organizer-region-associated proteins (Ag-NOR) in routinely processed paraffin-embedded tissue sections of bladder cancer remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to determine whether cell-imprint preparations facilitate a more accurate determination of the mean number of Ag-NOR per cell (Ag-NOR score). The utility of using the Ag-NOR scores of cell-imprint preparations as a prognostic indicator in patients with bladder cancer was explored. We evaluated 90 patients with newly diagnosed bladder cancer using cell-imprint preparations to determine Ag-NOR score. The score significantly correlated with known prognostic factors associated with this tumor, including histological grade (P < 0.001), pathological stage (P < 0.01), and papillary structure (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the Ag-NOR score appeared to be an independent predictor of intravesical tumor recurrence of superficial bladder cancer (P < 0.05). These results suggest that the Ag-NOR score determined in a cell imprint preparation may serve as a useful prognostic indicator in bladder cancer.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗

PubMed1997

Apoptosis in transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter: association with proliferative activity, bcl-2 expression and prognosis.

PURPOSE: We attempted to clarify the significance of apoptosis in tumor development and progression in 64 cases of transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter by investigating apoptosis, proliferative activity and bcl-2 expression. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used in situ deoxyribonucleic acid nick end labeling for apoptotic cells and immunohistochemical staining for bcl-2 on archival tumor material. RESULTS: The apoptotic index correlated significantly with mitotic index, histological grade and pathological stage. There was no significant relationship between apoptotic index and bcl-2 expression. Patients with an apoptotic index greater than or equal to 0.22 had a poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: Apoptosis is closely related to proliferative activity, tumor differentiation and depth of invasion in transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

Role of Hsp70 subfamily, Ssa, in protein folding in yeast cells, seen in luciferase-transformed ssa mutants.

To investigate the role of constitutive hsp70 in protein folding and to probe the supplementation by other hsps in this folding, yeast cells expressing reduced constitutive hsp70 proteins, ssa1ssa2, were transformed with a plasmid expressing a bacterial luciferase protein. With several independent clone cells of transformants, the levels of luciferase activity and some hsps, such as hsp104, hsp90, hsp70 and hsp26, were examined. The luciferase activity was significantly lower in ssa1ssa2 transformants than in the wild type (wt) cell transformed with the same plasmid. Among several clone cells of ssa1ssa2, the cells with higher luciferase activities exhibited higher amounts of Ssa4 which is known to be expressed instead of lacking Ssa1 and Ssa2. The luciferase activity closely correlated with the amount of Ssa proteins, more than with the amount of other hsps. It is suggested that constitutional Ssa "chaperones" are needed for the folding of proteins and, in cells lacking Ssa1 and Ssa2, the increased Ssa4 is thought to partly compensate for their role in the folding of luciferase in vivo.

HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins↗

PubMed1997

Telomerase activity in primary prostate cancer.

PURPOSE: Telomerase activity has been detected in a wide variety of human tumor types. We analyzed the telomerase activity in association with the acquisition of prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Telomerase activity in prostate tissues was examined by PCR-based telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) assay. RESULTS: Among 31 primary prostate cancers, 28 tissue samples (90%) displayed telomerase activity. The relative level of telomerase activity was associated with the pathological differentiation. High levels of telomerase activity were more frequently detected in poorly differentiated prostate cancer. None of the 10 samples taken from prostates with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or normal prostates expressed telomerase activity. In another 10 BPH samples obtained from prostate tissue adjacent to cancerous tissue, one of 10 samples (10%) showed weak telomerase activity. Furthermore, we investigated this activity in human prostate cancer cell lines (PC-3, LNCaP, and DU145) and all showed very high activity compared to normal human tissue samples. Four lymph nodes and one bone metastasis also exhibited extremely high telomerase activity. CONCLUSIONS: The present results indicate that telomerase activity might be a marker for detecting malignancy of the prostate and evaluating the malignant potential of prostate cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1997

[Comparative histological analysis of needle biopsy specimens, prostatectomized specimens and metastatic lymph nodes in prostatic adenocarcinoma--on the basis of the WHO histological classification].

The histological characteristics were comparatively analyzed among biopsy specimens, surgically removed prostates and metastatic lymph nodes obtained from 60 patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma treated by radical prostatectomy. According to the WHO-Mostifi's classification, the proportion of the 6 histologic components, large and/or small simple glands (LSG), micro-glands (MIC), cribriorm (CRB), fused glands (FUS), medullary/solid (MED) and columns-cords/trabecular (C-C), was determined semiquantitatively. LSG, MIC, and CRB are androgen-sensitive components, while FUS, MED and C-C are androgen-refractory components. The proportions of 5 histologic components excluding MIC were similar in the biopsy and prostate specimens. In 78.3% of the patients, the presence (or absence) of androgen-refactory components in the biopsy specimens coincided with that in the prostate specimens. However, the histologic except for the C-C component. Metastatic lymph nodes contained androgen-refactory components in all cases and tended to have more CRB and FUS and fewer LSG. The histology of the needle biopsy specimens may reflect that of the prostate glands, and may serve as a valuable parameter for determining therapeutic modalities. In addition, androgen-refactory components are frequently present in lymph node metastasis.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1997

[Retrospective study of 107 patients with hematospermia].

A retrospective study on 107 men with hematospermia between 1986 and 1993 is reported. The age of the patients ranged from 16 to 73 years (mean 45.6 years). Sixty five patients (60.7%) were asymptomatic except for hematospermia. Hematospermia disappeared within one month in 43% of all the patients, and in 61% of those under 40 years of age. Thirty four patients had urological diseases; 15 patients had chronic prostatitis, 10 benign prostatic hyperplasia, 3 prostatic calculi, 1 genital tuberculosis, 1 prostate cancer, and 4 other diseases. Hematospermia was ascribed to hypertension in another 5 patients. However, the cause of hematospermia was not apparent in 79% of the patients under 40. We recommend a routine physical examination to detect infectious or inflammatory lesions, in younger patients with transient hematospermia whereas a through urological screening for more serious urogenital diseases, and measurement of blood pressure in older patients especially those with persistent hematospermia.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1997

A new surgical technique for the treatment of life-threatening congenital arteriovenous malformation--intraluminal graft implantation.

A new surgical intraluminal graft implantation technique was undertaken in a 27-year-old man with a massive, life-threatening, high-flow congenital arteriovenous malformation (AVM) involving the left lower extremity, which was resistant to such challenges as transarterial embolizations or partial resections. For occlusion of the feeder branches, a composite graft composed of two grafts with different diameters, which matched to the arterial lumen, was surgically inserted into the superficial femoral artery. The implanted graft occluded 2 weeks after the insertion. Although amputation distal to the knee was necessary because of the foot necrosis, the graft was useful in reducing the cardiac output (from 14.3 l/min to 9.8 l/min) and obviating hip joint amputation. A further clinical study is necessary to examine whether or not it is an acceptable treatment modality.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

Vaginal stone in a male patient with true hermaphroditism.

A 31-year-old male with true hermaphroditism and a 46, XX karyotype who underwent gonadectomy and extirpation of the internal sex organs at the age of 4 had a large stone 4 cm in diameter in the residual male vagina. He complained of pain on micturition, hematuria, and rectal pressure. Urethroscopy and retrograde urethrography disclosed an ostium of the male vagina in the prostatic urethra, and an impacted intravaginal stone. Transurethral electrohydraulic lithotripsy was performed. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and transurethral lithotripsy were performed for the residual stones. All stones and fragments were spontaneously passed. The stone was composed of calcium phosphate and ammonium acid urate.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

Thymidine phosphorylase activity in human bladder cancer: difference between superficial and invasive cancer.

The activity of thymidine phosphorylase (TdR-Pase), which is identical to platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (a potent angiogenic factor), was analyzed in primary human bladder cancer tissues. TdR-Pase activity in tissues was determined from the conversion rate of 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine to 5-fluorouracil. The mean activity in 37 bladder cancers and in 8 samples of normal bladder epithelial tissue was 108.5 and 19.2 microgram 5-fluorouracil/mg protein/h, respectively, showing a statistically significant difference. Among the cancer tissues, differences in activity were seen according to the stage and grade of tumors. Low-grade (grade 1) tumors had significantly lower activities than high-grade tumors, and high-grade invasive tumors showed significantly higher activities than low-grade superficial tumors. These results demonstrate that a high TdR-Pase activity in bladder cancer is associated with the tumor characteristics of invasion and malignant potential. Our conclusions support the hypothesis that angiogenesis that is mediated by this molecule may be involved in the development of invasive human bladder cancer, as suggested by T. O'Brien et al. (Cancer Res., 55: 510-513, 1995), and also suggest that TdR-Pase is a potential therapeutic target in human bladder cancer.

Epithelial Cells↗