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Biomedical subjects

M Horikawa

Publications and source records attributed to M Horikawa.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

A Mycoplasma genitalium protein resembling the Mycoplasma pneumoniae attachment protein.

In previous studies with hyperimmune rabbit sera and monoclonal antibodies against the P1 protein of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, we obtained evidence of a shared antigenic determinant with a single protein of Mycoplasma genitalium. Because of biologic and morphologic similarities between these two human Mycoplasma species, attempts were made to characterize this cross-reacting protein of M. genitalium (designated MgPa). The protein was surface exposed and had an estimated molecular size of 140 kilodaltons. Electron microscopy with monoclonal antibodies produced against either MgPa or P1 demonstrated that MgPa is located over the surface of the terminal structure of M. genitalium which is covered by a nap layer. These immunologic and morphologic findings suggest that the MgPa protein of M. genitalium could be the counterpart of the P1 protein of M. pneumoniae.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

[Susceptibility of clinical isolates to aztreonam].

Aztreonam (AZT), which has a newly developed and synthetic structure belonging to the group of monobactams, possesses excellent antibacterial activity against a broad range of Gram-negative bacteria (including the beta-lactamase producing strains). Antibacterial activities of AZT were examined and compared with those of 5 antibiotics (cefoperazone (CPZ), latamoxef (LMOX), cefotaxime (CTX), cefmetazole (CMZ) and cefsulodin (CFS) against 296 strains of clinical isolates. The evaluation of antibacterial activities was determined with the inhibition zone diameter obtained by the single disc method. The results can be summarized by three categories as follows: 1. Susceptibility of clinical isolates to AZT and other antibiotics AZT and other 3rd-generation antibiotics (CPZ, LMOX, CTX) showed excellent antibacterial activities against most strains. Especially AZT was more active against Enterobacter cloacae and Serratia marcescens than reference drugs. Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the activity of AZT was similar to that of CFS. AZT showed as excellent activity against P. aeruginosa as CFS. 2. Susceptibility of strains isolated from different clinical materials and different clinics AZT showed the highest antibacterial activity against the clinical isolates from sputum, pharynx, urine, pus, bile, puncture fluid, blood and others. AZT exhibited the most potent activity against isolates in the 7 clinics we tested. 3. Susceptibility of strains isolated from inpatients and outpatients AZT demonstrated the highest antibacterial activity (the rate of susceptibility: 87.0%) against strains obtained from inpatients (except for P. aeruginosa). The activity of AZT (81.4%) against P. aeruginosa was as active as that of CFS (81.4%), and it was the highest in all drugs. Antibacterial activity of these antibiotics against bacteria was rated as follows: AZT greater than LMOX greater than CPZ greater than CTX greater than CMZ AZT showed the highest antibacterial activity (100%) against strains isolated in all the materials and at all the clinics tested of outpatients. Antibacterial activity of these antibiotics against isolates from outpatients was rated as follows: AZT greater than CPZ greater than LMOX greater than CTX greater than CMZ.

Aztreonam↗
PubMed1987

[A case of early primary adenosquamous carcinoma of the stomach].

Primary adenosquamous carcinoma of the stomach is rare. Most cases are advanced when detected since there are only two cases of the early stages of this type of cancer in the literature. The histogenesis of this type of stomach carcinoma is still under discussion. In this paper an early stage of adenosquamous carcinoma of the stomach in a 56-year-old female is reported. The localization and characteristics of two type of cancer cells, adeno and squamous cell carcinoma cells, were studied using cytokeratin and PAS stainings.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Capacitive effects on canine coronary artery diastolic pressure-flow relationships.

The extent of capacitive effects on coronary diastolic pressure-flow relationships was investigated by proposing a theoretical model and by actually measuring the time constants of the coronary and systemic circulation. The dynamic pressure-flow relationship obtained by an aortic declining pressure perfusion and the static pressure-flow relationship obtained by constant pressure reservoir perfusion were compared to support the theoretical model, which revealed that the capacitive effects could be quantified by the alpha value, i.e. the ratio of the time constants of the coronary and systemic circulations. In 10 anesthetized dogs, the two independent methods disclosed that capacitive effects are limited and diastolic outflow pressure in the coronary circulation is the static zero-flow pressure intercept determined by the vascular tonus and intramyocardial pressure.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Rejection monitoring by lymphocyte blastogenesis assay in canine lung allotransplantation.

Seventy-seven adult mongrel dogs underwent left lung transplantation to study the immunological detection of posttransplant rejection response using the lymphocyte blastogenesis assay. Experimental animals were divied into 3 groups; control autotransplantation (4 dogs), control allotransplantation (32 dogs) and immunosuppressed allotransplantation (41 dogs). The lymphocyte blastogenesis assay included mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), lymphocyte reactivity to lectins (PHA, ConA and PWM) and spontaneous blastogenesis in peripheral lymphocyte culture methods. The latter two tests were performed in serial blood samples up to the 38th posttransplant day. In the control autotransplant group there were no particular changes in posttransplant PHA reactivities. In the animals with lung allograft, results of preoperative MLR between donor and recipient showed no particular relationships to posttransplant rejection response. The recipient, however, showed a decreased response to PHA and an increased spontaneous blastogenesis at the period undergoing rejection which were confirmed by blood samples taken within 2 days before sacrifice of animals whose transplant specimens showed apparent histologic findings of rejection. In the immunosuppressed allotransplantation group, those findings of PHA response and spontaneous blastogenesis had often preceded the rejection episode detected on chest x-ray films, whereas there were no particular changes in both parameters of dogs bearing enhanced allografts. The serial detection of spontaneous blastogenesis and PHA reactivity in peripheral lymphocyte may be one of the useful methods for early prediction of rejection episode in lung transplantation.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Susceptibility of clinical isolates to cefotaxime. Comparison to new antibiotics latamoxef, cefoperazone, and ceftizoxime].

Susceptibilities of 372 strains of bacteria to cefotaxime (CTX) were determined based on the inhibition zone diameter obtained by the single-disc method. Four categories were assessed. Susceptibility of clinical isolated to CTX and 3 other antibiotics. Against most strains, CTX showed higher antibacterial activity than other drugs in the low concentration, especially for S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, S. agalactiae, E. coli and P. morganii. Susceptibility of strains isolated from different clinical materials. CTX showed the highest antibacterial activity against most strains isolated from pus, blood and cerebrospinal fluid and showed higher activity against strains isolated from other materials, too. Susceptibility of clinical isolates in 7 different fields. CTX was shown to have uniformly higher antibacterial activity than other drugs against isolates from such fields as internal medicine, pediatrics, surgery, urology, obstetrics & gynecology, dermatology and otorhinolaryngology. CTX showed the highest antibacterial activity in dermatology. Susceptibility of all clinical isolates. CTX showed the highest antibacterial activity against isolated pathogenic 352 strains (except for P. aeruginosa of 20 strains).

Bacteria↗
PubMed1984

Induction of oncogenic transformation by low doses of X rays and dose-rate effect.

Golden hamster embryo cells were used to study morphological transformation induced by low doses of X rays at different dose rates. X irradiation at lower dose rates was less effective in cell killing and induction of transformation than at higher dose rates. The general shapes of induction curves of transformants were almost the same at all dose rates. At shoulder doses (1 to 150 R), the transformation frequencies increased steeply with increasing dose at all dose rates. At doses higher than 150 R survivals declined exponentially, but the frequencies of transformants increased only slightly. However, irradiation at higher dose rates was more effective in induction of transformants than that at lower dose rates. We conclude that transformational damage introduced at a low dose rate, as well as sublethal damage, may be repaired during low-dose-rate irradiation, but transformational damage may be different from sublethal damage.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

WR-2721, its derivatives and their radioprotective effects on mammalian cells in culture.

Although it is well known that WR-2721 is very efficient in protecting mice against lethal irradiation, we could not find any radioprotective effect of WR-2721 on mouse L cells in culture. But WR-1065 alone (free SH form of WR-2721), and WR-2721 pre-incubated with mouse liver homogenate, showed radioprotective ability. It was found that mouse liver homogenate dephosphorylated WR-2721 to WR-1065. The highest WR-2721 metabolizing activity was found in mouse liver homogenate and Chang liver cell homogenate. Homogenates of human liver and kidney were also shown to possess moderate activity for metabolizing WR-2721. These results suggest to us that WR-2721 must be dephosphorylated before exerting its radioprotective effect and that this dephosphorylating activity varies with tissues. It is demonstrated therefore that mouse L cell in culture is a novel system to assess the extent of dephosphorylation of WR-2721 in various tissues.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Susceptibility of clinical isolates to cefotaxime].

Susceptibilities of 737 strains of 19 species of bacteria to cefotaxime (CTX) were determined based on the inhibition zone diameter obtained by the single-disc method. Four categories were assessed. 1. Susceptibility of clinical isolates to CTX and 6 other antibiotics Against most strains, CTX showed higher antibacterial activity than other drugs (CET, ABPC, SBPC, CMZ, GM, AMK), especially for S. pneumoniae, S. pyogenes and S. agalactiae. Furthermore, CTX was more active than the other antibiotics against E. coli, Indole (+) Proteus, P. mirabilis, Klebsiella sp., S. marcescens, H. influenzae and E. cloacae. 2. Susceptibility of strains isolated from different clinical materials CTX showed the highest antibacterial activity against most strains isolated from sputum, urine, pus, blood and cerebrospinal fluid. However, CTX was occasionally less than potent AMK and GM against strains isolated from bile. Against P. aeruginosa strains derived from clinical materials, the following results were obtained: AMK greater than CFS, FOM greater than CTX greater than GM greater than SBPC 3. Susceptibility of clinical isolates in 7 different fields CTX was the most active antibiotic tested in the fields of internal medicine, pediatrics, urology, obstetrics & gynecology, dermatology and otorhinolaryngology. But in surgery, CTX was less potent than GM and AMK. 4. Susceptibility of clinical isolates of inpatients and outpatients CTX showed excellent activity against many beta-lactamase resistant strains isolated from patients.

Bacteria↗