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Biomedical subjects

M Hirokawa

Publications and source records attributed to M Hirokawa.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

[A case of renal cell carcinoma with solitary metastasis to the contralateral adrenal gland].

A 62-year-old female was admitted to our hospital with left flank pain and weight loss. Computerized tomography revealed a large left adrenal tumor and a small right renal tumor. A left adrenalectomy was performed initially to confirm sparing the left kidney. The left adrenal tumor weighed 650 g and was renal cell carcinoma histologically, suggesting a contralateral metastasis of the right renal tumor. Two months after the adrenalectomy, the right kidney was excised. The right adrenal gland was preserved. Pathologically, the renal tumor was also renal cell carcinoma. The patient has remained well for 34 months after the operation. The literature concerning the adrenal metastasis of renal cell carcinoma is briefly reviewed.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1997

[A case of ureteral polyp in a boy].

We reported a case of ureteral polyp in a 12-year-old boy whose chief complaint was asymptomatic gross hematuria. An excretory urogram revealed severe right hydronephrosis with a filling defect of the upper ureter. Our diagnosis was right hydronephrosis due to the ureteral polyp. A partial ureterectomy with an end-to-end anastomosis was performed. A polyp was found in the excised ureter and the histological diagnosis was a fibroepithelial polyp. Six months after the operation, the right hydronephrosis showed remission.

Child↗
PubMed1997

[Clinical investigation for recurrence and progression in Ta grades 1 and 2 bladder cancer].

We treated 107 new patients with stage Ta, grades 1 and 2 transitional cell bladder carcinoma by transurethral resection during the past 23 years. The clinicopathological factors evaluated were grade, size, number and form of tumor. Fifty-five patients (51%) had recurrent tumors after initial resection and progression (muscle invasion or metastasis) occurred in four patients (3.7%). The 5-year and 10-year recurrence free rates were 47.3 and 29.8%, respectively. Seven patients (6.5%) had grade 3 tumor (grade-up) at recurrence. An increase in T category to T1 (stage-up) occurred in 13 patients (12%), only one of whom later developed an invasive tumor (pT4). The size of tumor significantly affected the rate of recurrence (p < 0.01). Sessile tumor were at a significantly greater risk for progression (p < 0.05). Stage-up did not have a significant effect on progression, but grade-up was significantly risky for progression (p < 0.01). Initial grade 2 tumors were highly related to grade-up (p < 0.05).

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Clinical outcome of bladder preserving therapy for superficial high-grade bladder cancer].

Clinical outcome of bladder preserving therapy for superficial high-grade bladder cancers (pTa-pT1b, G3) was retrospectively studied. Twenty-six patients initially received bladder preserving therapy ('preserved' group), while 19 underwent radical cystectomy as the initial treatment ('cystectomized' group). Tumor recurrence was accompanied by a progression in the tumor grade in 9 patients with low-grade tumors ('grade-up' group). The 5-year survival rate was 87% and 100% in the preserved and cystectomized groups, respectively, with no significant difference. However, the grade-up group had a significantly worse rate of 57%. Failure in bladder preserving therapy was unrelated to the size or number of tumors. Our findings suggest that bladder preserving therapy is a reasonable treatment option for superficial high-grade tumors although a careful followup is mandatory. On the other hand, radical cystectomy should be considered for recurrent, grade-up G3 tumors.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for CHOP-resistant mediastinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma].

We report two cases of CHOP-resistant mediastinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (MDLCL) treated by autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (auto-PBSCT). The patients were 17 and 28 year old female, and they had anterior mediastinal bulky masses at presentation. The clinical stage was IV in both patients. They were initially treated with 6 courses of bi-weekly CHOP therapy following by irradiation of the mediastinal tumors. During the last few cycles of CHOP therapy, their disease had become progressive. They underwent auto-PBSCT after high-dose chemotherapy consisting of busulfan, cyclophosphamide and etoposide, but failed to achieve remission. They died within one year after the auto-PBSCT because of the disease progression. Our experience suggests that this conditioning regimen is not effective for CHOP-resistant MDLCL, and it is necessary to develop new conditioning regimens.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Extraorbital giant cell angiofibromas.

We herein describe two unusual neoplasms showing histopathologic features consistent with those of giant cell angiofibroma, which was originally described as a neoplasm arising in the orbit in adults: one of them arose in the right submandibular region of a 48-year-old woman and the other in the right parascapular region of a 49-year-old woman. Macroscopically, although the latter was characterized by a lymphangioma-like cystic appearance, both tumors were well circumscribed and encapsulated. Microscopically, in both cases, pseudovascular spaces lined by a discontinuous row of multinucleated cells were seen against a background of spindle-shaped fibroblastic cell proliferation. In the second case, the tumor presented increased cellularity and plump and somewhat atypical nuclei of proliferating fibroblastic cells, compared with the tumor in the first case. Immunohistochemically, the mononuclear and multinucleated cells within these tumors were positive for vimentin and CD 34 but negative for any other antigens, including Factor VIII-related antigen, desmin, alpha smooth muscle actin, myoglobin, S-100 protein, LeuM1, lysozyme, alpha-1-antitrypsin, and cytokeratins (AE1/AE3 and CAM5.2). The features in these cases indicate that giant cell angiofibroma can arise in an extraorbital site in middle-aged patients and presents some histopathologic diversity.

Angiofibroma↗
PubMed1996

Transmembrane signaling through CD80 (B7-1) induces growth arrest and cell spreading of human B lymphocytes accompanied by protein tyrosine phosphorylation.

We addressed the issue of the role for CD80 (B7-1) expressed on human B cells in transmembrane signaling. Cross-linking of CD80 on B lymphoma Raji cells induced tyrosine phosphorylation in 160-, 120-, 55-, 46- and 44-kDa proteins, which was inhibited by genistein. CD80-mediated signaling resulted in the inhibition of DNA replication of B cells and induced the changes in morphology like macrophages or fibroblasts. This cell spreading was inhibited by the pre-treatment of the cells with genistein. These results suggest that the CD80 antigen is involved in transmembrane outside-in signaling in B cells and its biological effects appear to be mediated by tyrosine kinases.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1996

Histological assessment of chronic pancreatitis at necropsy.

AIMS: To evaluate the histological criteria used to diagnose chronic pancreatitis; and to assess interobserver variation among general pathologists. METHODS: Forty five cases of chronic pancreatitis diagnosed in necropsy were reviewed to determine whether the diagnosis was acceptable retrospectively. These cases were diagnosed initially as chronic pancreatitis in the final necropsy report complied by general pathologists. In reviewing these cases, special attention was paid to irregular fibrosis and destruction of the lobular architecture. RESULTS: The 45 cases were re-assigned to seven different diagnostic categories: chronic pancreatitis, 21 (47%) cases; interstitial fibrosis with or without chronic inflammation, 11 (24%) cases; repair stage of acute pancreatitis, four (9%) cases; severe fatty infiltration, three (7%) cases; chronic inflammation without interstitial fibrosis, two (4%) cases; haemochromatosis, one (2%) case; and undetermined, three (7%) cases. CONCLUSIONS: The histological spectrum of chronic pancreatitis was very wide and it was often misdiagnosed. Acinar atrophy, acinar dilation and intralobular fibrosis were diagnostic of chronic pancreatitis. Differential diagnoses include the repair stage of acute pancreatitis, severe fatty infiltration and haemochromatosis. Recognition of these findings may help to reduce overdiagnosis of chronic pancreatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

[A case of congenital ejaculatory duct obstruction].

We report a case of congenital ejaculatory duct obstruction treated successfully by transurethral incision. A 33-year-old man was referred for evaluation of primary infertility. His semen analysis showed volumes of 1.7 ml at average and azoospermia. Clinical examinations revealed right undescended testicle, absence of the left kidney and axial rotation of right kidney. Left vasogram showed dilated but intact seminal vesicle with no contrast material visible in the bladder. Following removal of right undescended testicle, transurethral incision of the left side of the prostatic urethral floor near the vermontanum was performed. Transurethral vesiculogram showed dilated but not cystic ejaculatory duct. Eight months postoperatively semen analysis showed a volume of 3.5 ml, a concentration of 61.3 x 10(6)/ml and motility rate of 51.8%. However, semen analysis 18 months postoperatively showed azoospermia again. After re-transurethral incision, his sperm concentration increased to 15.2 x 10(6)/ml. However, his wife didn't become pregnant yet.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Renal cell carcinoma accompanied with ossification: a case report].

Renal cell carcinoma accompanied with ossification reported in Japan is very rare. We report a case of renal cell carcinoma with ossification pathologically in a 61-year-old woman. She suddenly presented with hypercalcemia that caused acute renal failure, 6 months after the operation and died shortly thereafter. We discuss the relationship between the tumor and the hypercalcemia.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1996

Cell-permeable ceramide inhibits the growth of B lymphoma Raji cells lacking TNF-alpha-receptors by inducing G0/G1 arrest but not apoptosis: a new model for dissecting cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis.

We examined the effects of a cell-permeable ceramide analog, C2-ceramide, on the growth of TNF-alpha-resistant B lymphoma Raji cells lacking TNF-alpha-receptors (TNF-R). C2-ceramide inhibited the clonal growth of not only TNF-alpha-sensitive myeloid leukemia cells (HL60 and U937) but also Raji cells. Following stimulation with C2-ceramide, HL60 and U937 cells showed apoptotic cell death, whereas Raji cells did not show a detectable level of apoptosis. However, a cell-cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase was observed in Raji cells after the treatment with C2-ceramide, which was accompanied by the dephosphorylation of retinoblastoma (RB) gene products and decreased expression of p53 proteins. Failure of C2-ceramide to induce apoptosis in Raji cells might be explained by the lack or low expression of apoptosis-inducing proteins by two lines of evidence: (1) Raji cells were resistant to apoptosis induced by ceramide even in the presence of transcription/translation inhibitors; (2) Bax protein expression was not detectable in Raji cells, although Bcl-2 protein expression in Raji cells was even less than that in HL60 and U937 cells. Moreover, protein kinase C (PKC), whose activation has been described to inhibit ceramide-induced apoptosis, inhibitor H-7 did not induce apoptotic cell death in Raji cells, suggesting that an imbalance between PKC and ceramide pathways is not the reason for the resistance of Raji cells against ceramide-induced apoptosis. Finally, ceramide-induced activation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) was observed in Raji cells as well as HL60 cells, indicating that activation of this molecule may not be specific for apoptosis. By using the present model, one can dissect cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis induced by ceramide.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed1995

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor downregulates allogeneic immune responses by posttranscriptional inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-alpha production.

We report downregulatory effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on allogeneic immune responses in vitro. G-CSF did not affect the proliferative response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) against allogeneic Daudi cells but did inhibit tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha secretion. In contrast with G-CSF, granulocyte-macrophage (GM)-CSF and interleukin (IL)-3 enhanced alloactivation-induced TNF-alpha production. G-CSF-mediated suppression of TNF-alpha production was not affected by fixation of stimulators. G-CSF did not inhibit TNF-alpha mRNA expression or accelerate mRNA degradation, whereas pentoxifylline inhibited the expression of TNF-alpha mRNA. These results indicate that G-CSF acts directly on responder cells and modulates TNF-alpha production at posttranscriptional levels. Suppression of TNF-alpha secretion was accompanied by an increase of intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) concentration in alloactivated PBMC. The cell-permeable cAMP analogue, dibutyryl cAMP, suppressed TNF-alpha secretion without affecting TNF-alpha mRNA expression. G-CSF showed an inhibitory effect on the development of cytotoxic effector cells against allogeneic Daudi cells. Anti-TNF-alpha monoclonal antibody (MoAb) also inhibited the induction of cytolytic activity, and the inhibitory effects of G-CSF and anti-TNF-alpha MoAb on killer activity generation were overcome by adding exogenous TNF-alpha. Hence, impaired generation of cytolytic effector cells by G-CSF is believed to be the result of reduced TNF-alpha production. Collectively, the results described above suggest that G-CSF downregulates allogeneic immune responses by posttranscriptionally inhibiting TNF-alpha production.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1995

Two karyotypically unrelated clones with 5q- and 20q- in a primary myelodysplastic syndrome patient evolving into acute nonlymphocytic leukemia.

We describe a patient with primary myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) evolving into acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) who had two cytogenetically unrelated abnormal clones. A 68-year-old man presented with refractory anemia with excess of blasts (RAEB) and developed overt ANLL. Two cytogenetically independent clones, one with 5q- and the other with 20q-, were observed when the patient developed ANLL. The clones carrying both 5q- and 20q- were not detected. Leukemic blast cells were positive for peroxidase, naphtol ASD chloroacetate esterase, CD13, CD33, CD34 and HLA-DR, but negative for alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase, CD14, CD10, CD19, CD20, CD1, CD2, CD3, CD5 and CD7. Although there have been a few reports describing the presence of multiple cytogenetically unrelated clones in one patient with MDS, this is the first case report that the 5q- and 20q- anomalies are derived from independent clones.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

The role of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in chronic B-lymphocytic leukemia: IL-10 prevents leukemic cells from apoptotic cell death.

We examined the possible role of interleukin 10 (IL-10) in the pathogenesis of human chronic B-lymphocytic leukemias (B-CLL). With the use of an in vitro culture technique, we found that IL-10 enhanced the survival of B-CLL cells in a dose-dependent fashion by inhibiting the process of apoptotic cell death. This was demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy and DNA gel electrophoresis. Flow cytometric and immunoblot analyses showed that IL-10 did not significantly upregulate bcl-2 expression as compared with control cultures. B-CLL cells were also found to spontaneously release IL-10 in cultures, and serum IL-10 levels were elevated in five of the eleven B-CLL patients. These findings suggest that IL-10 acts as an autocrine growth factor for B-CLL cells and cytokine-based therapy might be a new approach for the treatment of B-CLL.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed1995

Modulation of allogeneic immune responses by filgrastim (recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) in bone marrow transplantation.

We examined whether the use of G-CSF would affect the outcome of allogeneic marrow transplantation in humans and mice. Retrospective analysis of 24 patients who had received allogeneic marrow grafts from HLA-identical siblings revealed that the incidence of chronic but not acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was lower in the patients receiving G-CSF than in those not given G-CSF (18% vs. 80%, P = 0.02). There was a difference in serum TNF-alpha levels during the first 3 months after transplant between these two groups. Four out of the ten patients who were not given G-CSF showed elevated serum TNF-alpha levels, whereas there was only one patients with an increased TNF-alpha level among eleven patients who were given G-CSF. With the use of murine acute and chronic GVHD models, we also observed that administration of G-CSF improved the survival of minor GVHD, but not major GVHD, mice. Taken together, these findings suggest that G-CSF down-regulates allogeneic immune responses and is active in modulating alloreactivity in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Hyalinizing trabecular adenoma of the thyroid: its unusual cytoplasmic immunopositivity for MIB1.

The monoclonal antibody Ki-67 reacts with a human nuclear cell proliferation-associated antigen that is expressed in all active parts of the cell cycle and is well established as a marker of cell proliferation. However, the Ki-67 method requires fresh frozen material. Recently, MIB1 has been reported to give an immunohistochemical staining pattern identical to Ki-67 on paraffin-embedded tissue sections, frozen sections and cytological samples. This proliferation-associated antigen is apparently localized in the nucleus. Recently, we performed immunohistochemical staining using the monoclonal MIB1 antibody upon a variety of tumors and non-neoplastic conditions of the thyroid. Tumor cells of hyalinizing trabecular adenoma revealed an intense cytoplasmic immunopositivity for MIB1. In contrast, cytoplasmic immunostaining for MIB1 was negative in all other thyroid tumors and non-neoplastic lesions. Because of this unusual staining pattern, we repeated the staining of all cases and found the results to be reproducible. Therefore, we believe that positive cytoplasmic immunostaining for MIB1 is a characteristic finding of hyalinizing trabecular adenoma and is useful in differentiating it from other thyroid tumors.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1995

Induction of 73-kDa and 90-kDa heat shock protein expression in HL60 cells during differentiation.

We investigated the expression of heat shock proteins HSP73 and HSP90 in human promyelocytic line HL60 during their differentiation induced by phorbor ester and all trans retinoic acid (ATRA). Polyclonal antibodies which had been raised against HSPs purified from bovine brains were used to detect human HSPs. Semiquantitation of HSPs was performed by immunoblotting. Induction of monocytoid and granulocytoid differentiation with phorbor ester and ATRA was accompanied by increased expression of HSP73 and HSP90 with distinct kinetics. Increased expression of both HSPs was confirmed by immunocytochemical studies. Our results suggest that HSP73 and HSP90 may be involved in differentiation of HL60 cells.

Animals↗