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Biomedical subjects

M Hirao

Publications and source records attributed to M Hirao.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Efficacy of tonsillectomy for improving skin lesions of Pustulosis palmaris et plantaris--evaluation of 289 cases at the Department of Otolaryngology of Sapporo Medical University].

In recent years, Pustulosis palmaris et plantaris (PPP) has been described as one of the representative second lesions of focal tonsillitis in Japan. We selected 289 cases of PPP, treated with bilateral tonsillectomy at our department over the past 12 years for this clinical evaluation. In 211 of those 289 tonsillectomy cases, follow-up was done for more than 3 months after operation. Prior to tonsillectomy, 196 cases suffered from PPP only, 90 cases had the complication of osteo-arthral lesions such as sterno-costa-clavicular hyperosteosis (SCCH), rheumatoid arthritis, and soon, whereas only 3 cases showed simultaneous lesions of Psoriasis vulgaris. The efficacy of tonsillectomy for improving the skin lesions was classified into 6 grades, mainly based upon individual evaluation by each patient as follows; disappeared, remarkably improved, improved, slightly improved, unchanged, and worsened. According to our 211 cases, post tonsillectomy improvement of skin lesions was very obvious, with disappearance occurring in 54.3% of cases and remarkable improvement in 21.4%. Age of onset and the duration from onset to tonsillectomy showed no association with effectiveness. However, the shorter the duration from onset to tonsillectomy, the fewer days were required for improvement of the skin lesions. The rate of improvement of PPP rose in conjunction with the number of days after tonsillectomy. We conclude that it requires 12 months, at minimum, to determine the efficacy of tonsillectomy as a treatment for PPP.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Analysis of Epstein-Barr virus-specific cellular cytotoxicity in tonsillar lymphocytes].

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific cytotoxic activities of tonsillar lymphocytes (TL) and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) obtained from the 26 same donors were investigated. The minimum cell concentration of TL required for regression of EBV-transformation, 3.1 +/- 2.1 x 10(4)/ml, was significantly lower (p < .01) than that of PBL, 4.3 +/- 2.6 x 10(4)/ml, indicating that the EBV-specific cell-mediated cytotoxicity of TL was significantly higher than that of PBL. The cytotoxic activity against an autologous EBV-positive B-lymphoblastoid cell line (LCL) of the tonsillar T-lymphocytes, 10.8 +/- 3.7%, was significantly higher than that of the peripheral blood T-lymphocytes, 5.9 +/- 1.6%, after co-cultivation with an autologous-LCL (p < 0.05). The EBV-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) lines, which contained > 95% CD8-positive cells, established from TL, had significantly higher cytotoxic activities against autologous-LCL (73.1 +/- 16.5%) than did the CTL lines established from PBL (59.0 +/- 16.4%, p < .01). The number of tonsillar T-lymphocytes which showed regression against in vitro EBV-transformation was significantly higher in patients with tonsillar focal infection, 2276 +/- 901 cells/well, than in patients with simple tonsillar hypertrophy, 991 +/- 350 cells/well, (p < .05), suggesting that the regression activity of tonsillar T-lymphocytes was significantly lower in patients with tonsillar focal infection than in patients with simple tonsillar hypertrophy. These data show that TL have higher EBV-specific cytotoxicities than PBL, suggesting that the tonsils may play an important role in defense against EBV.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Two cases of esophageal fistula, in which a fibrin glue preparation was effective].

Two successful cases of endoscopic therapy for esophageal fistula are reported herein. The first case was a 61-year-old man who underwent irradiation, chemotherapy and endoscopic laser beam therapy for esophageal cancer (Im T4N0M0 Stage III). Gastrografin -esophagogram revealed a fistula between esophagus and mediastinum after these therapy. Closure of the fistula was attainable using fibrin glue with a double-channel-fiber scope. The second case was a 43-year-old man who underwent chemotherapy and irradiation for lung cancer (S1,S2 T4N2M0 Stage IIIB) which invaded to mediastinum, trachea and esophagus. Bronchogram revealed a esophago-tracheal fistula one month later. We performed the same procedure as the first case, and confirmed reduction of the fistulous size. The endoscopic fibrin glue injection is an easy, safe and effective technique for the fistula even caused by malignancies, and contributes to the quality of life of these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Lethal midline granuloma (peripheral T-cell lymphoma) after lymphomatoid papulosis.

A Japanese woman with an 8-year history of lymphomatoid papulosis (LP) had lethal midline granuloma (LMG) develop at the age of 51 years. There were histologic similarities between LP and LMG seen in this patient. Surface phenotypic studies on nasal and cutaneous lesions demonstrated a population of T-cells expressing CD2, CD4, CD25, CD30, and histocompatibility antigen-DR (HLA-DR). Genotypic analyses of nasal and skin biopsy specimens disclosed a clonal rearrangement of the beta T-cell receptor gene with the same rearrangement pattern. These data indicate that this patient had LMG characterized by clonal peripheral T-cell lymphoma, which probably resulted from progression of the LP.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor producing lung large cell carcinoma with sarcomatous transformation].

We report a case of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) producing lung large cell carcinoma with sarcomatous transformation. A 57-year-old man was admitted for evaluation of an abnormal shadow near the right pulmonary hilus on chest X-ray film. Brush cytology specimen from right B6 disclosed large cell carcinoma. His clinical stage was already IIIB (T3N3M0) on admission, so we immediately administered chemotherapy and radiation therapy. However, the patient's condition gradually deteriorated and he died of respiratory failure. Although there was no evidence of infection throughout his clinical course, his peripheral white blood cell count gradually increased and reached 47,000/mm3 (neutrophils 96%) before death. Histological study of the autopsy specimen revealed that the primary tumor was composed of two different elements (large cell carcinoma and spindle cell sarcomatoid element). The spindle cell sarcomatoid element appeared to have arisen from sarcomatous transformation of carcinoma cells, because the transition margin of the carcinoma to the sarcomatoid element was smooth, and special and immunohistochemical staining of both elements showed the same properties. Moreover, immunohistochemical study with monoclonal antibody to human G-CSF, 4A6 clearly demonstrated granular staining of G-CSF in the cytoplasm of tumor cells.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1992

[A case of systemic arterial supply to normal lung without sequestrated lung].

A 19-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of bloody sputum. His chest radiograph showed funicular shadows adjacent to the descending aorta in the left lower lobe and absence of vascular structures in the lower portion of the left hilum. His chest CT showed increased vascularity and slightly increased parenchymal density in the left basal segments. No cystic lesions were observed on CT. Angiographic examinations revealed that the left basal segments were supplied by an aberrant artery arising from the thoracic aorta, instead of the pulmonary artery. Left lower lobectomy was performed. Gross findings at surgery and histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of systemic arterial supply to normal lung without sequestrated lung. The main histological findings of the specimen were hemorrhage in alveolar spaces and dilatation of vessels. These findings seemed to correspond to the CT findings. We consider that CT is useful for the diagnosis of this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Postoperative brain metastasis from esophageal carcinomas: report of 4 cases].

Out of 83 cases received resection of primary esophageal lesion, 4 patients were affected by metastatic brain tumor which was reported to rarely occur. All 4 patients had symptoms of central nervous system. Three of them were diagnosed by CT and the other one at autopsy. All of the primary esophageal tumors were advanced and of histological stage III or IV. They located in the middle or lower thoracic esophagus. Brain tumor of one case was removed and this case was of progression free at the last presentation. The other 3 cases were not received resection of metastatic brain tumors and died. All of 3 were autopsied and two of them had no metastasis in the lung. Therefore, it was considered that these hematogenic metastases were not through lung filtrations but through other routes, which Batson O. V. experimentally proved and designated as vertebral vein system in 1940. It is concluded that aggressive surgical intervention to metastatic brain tumors was beneficial with regard to prognosis for cases without other metastatic lesions.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Multiple dural arteriovenous malformations. Report of two cases.

Two cases of multiple dural arteriovenous malformations (AVM's) in different locations are reported. One patient was diagnosed as having a dural AVM involving the right cavernous sinus that disappeared spontaneously 4 months after onset of symptoms. After an interval of 4 months, another dural AVM appeared involving the right lateral sinuses (transverse and sigmoid sinuses) with occlusion of the right sigmoid sinus. In the other patient, multiple dural AVM's were demonstrated on angiography, one involving the cavernous sinus and the other the left lateral sinus. The frequency of multiple occurrence and possible mechanisms of sinus occlusion are discussed.

Cavernous Sinus↗
PubMed1989

[Development of a system for monitoring the production of leukotriene B4, C4, D4 and E4 in whole blood of pediatric asthmatic patients].

We have developed a new method using a computerized photodiode-array spectrophotometer (CPAS), to characterize the biosynthesis and the inhibition of leukotriene (LT) B4, C4, D4 and E4 in calcium ionophore (Ca-I)-stimulated whole blood. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The use of CPAS enabled us to identify and measure LTs from 2 ml volume of Ca-I stimulated whole blood as well as to check the purity of LTs, without any use of radioimmunoassay or bioassay. 2. LTC4 produced in whole blood was almost completely converted to LTE4 after 80 min incubation, and at this time both the production of LTE4 and LTB4 reached a plateau and remained constant thereafter. 3. Azelastine added in vitro caused a dose-dependent inhibition of Ca-I stimulated LTB4 and LTE4 production with an IC50 of 10 microM.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of endoscopic local injection of hypertonic saline- epinephrine solution and surgical treatment on hemorrhagic gastroduodenal ulcer].

For the purpose of arresting hemorrhage from gastric and duodenal ulcer we developed a method of endoscopic local injection of hypertonic saline-epinephrine solution (HSE), consisting of 625mEq/L or 1,250mEq/L sodium chloride with 0.05mg/ml epinephrine. During the period between October 1978 and March 1988, a total 246 patients with peptic ulcers underwent treatment for hemostasis by this method. According to our criteria for the assessment of the hemostatic effect, 231(93.9%) of 246 cases achieved permanent hemostasis, 7(2.8%) achieved temporary hemostasis, and no effect was noted 8 cases (3.3%). From June 1975 to March 1988, a total 366 cases with gastric and duodenal ulcers were operated on at our hospital. By applying endoscopic local injection of HSE, the rate of emergency operation for patients with bleeding peptic ulcers was significantly reduced from 13.4%(22/164) to 1.5%(3/202). From these results, we consider that endoscopic local injection of HSE is valuable for hemorrhage from gastric and duodenal ulcer.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1988

[Endoscopic resection with local injection of hypertonic saline epinephrine for the treatment of early gastric cancer].

We have developed a new method of endoscopic resection of early gastric carcinomas and other tumors. Characteristics of the new method are summarized as follows. 1. In order to prevent bleeding after endoscopic resection of the tumors, local injection of hypertonic saline epine phrine (HSE) solution was applied to the lesion. Even a depressed lesion like II c type early gastric carcinoma was artificially protruded by local injection of HSE solution. 2. Instead of a single fiberscope, double fiberscopes were employed simultaneously for endoscopic resection of the lesion. 3. Prior to resection of the lesion by high frequency current snare method, incision of the mucosa along the marking line around the lesion performed, enabling the area to be resected precisely. 4. Because tissue damage is mild, resected materials removed are suitable for pathological study. Endoscopic resection was performed on a total of 113 cases in early gastric carcinomas; 103 cases among them (91.2%) were curative resections. Ten cases of the rest underwent surgical gastrectomy for the endoscopic non-curative resections. Rate of five-year survival in 103 cases was 85.2%. Endoscopic resection by our method seems to be effective for the treatment of early gastric carcinomas in any lymph node metastasis and in patients at high surgical risk.

Epinephrine↗
PubMed1988

[Hemostatic effect of an endoscopic local injection of hypertonic saline-epinephrine (HS-E) solution on upper gastrointestinal bleeding--comparative study of this effect with and without visible vessel detection].

One hundred and ninety seven patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding were each administered and endoscopic local injection of hypertonic saline epinephrine (HS-E) solution at our hospital over a 5-year period, from the Spring of 1981 to March of 1986. Peptic ulcers were found in 162 of the patient. Vessels could be visibly detected in the 148 (91.4%)-A group, but not in the 14 (8.6%)-B group. A comparison of the number of endoscopic local injections to each of these groups indicated no significant differences in types of bleeding, systemic complications, or sites of bleeding. The excellent hemostatic effect of HS-E is due to the fact that local injection of its solution can be repeated in large quantities for various types of bleeding.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

A regenerable carbon dioxide removal and oxygen recovery system for the Japanese Experiment Module.

The Japanese Space Station Program is now under Phase B study by the National Space Development Agency of Japan in participation with the U.S. Space Station Program. A Japanese Space Station participation will be a dedicated pressurized module to be attached to the U.S. Space Station, and is called Japanese Experiment Module (JEM). Astronaut scientists will conduct various experimental operations there. Thus an environment control and life support system is required. Regenerable carbon dioxide removal and collection technique as well as oxygen recovery technique has been studied and investigated for several years. A regenerable carbon dioxide removal subsystem using steam desorbed solid amine and an oxygen recovery subsystem using Sabatier methane cracking have a good possibility for the application to the Japanese Experiment Module. Basic performance characteristics of the carbon dioxide removal and oxygen recovery subsystem are presented according to the results of a fundamental performance test program. The trace contaminant removal process is also investigated and discussed. The solvent recovery plant for the regeneration of various industrial solvents, such as hydrocarbons, alcohols and so on, utilizes the multi-bed solvent adsorption and steam desorption process, which is very similar to the carbon dioxide removal subsystem. Therefore, to develop essential components including adsorption tank (bed), condenser. process controller and energy saving system, the technology obtained from the experience to construct solvent recovery plant can be easily and effectively applicable to the carbon dioxide removal subsystem. The energy saving efficiency is evaluated for blower power reduction, steam reduction and waste heat utilization technique. According to the above background, the entire environment control and life support system for the Japanese Experiment Module including the carbon dioxide removal and oxygen recovery subsystem is evaluated and proposed.

Adsorption↗