Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Hirano

Publications and source records attributed to M Hirano.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Recent progress in the chemotherapy program and its theoretical background--malignant lymphoma].

Recently developed third generation chemotherapy programs have improved long-term disease free survival of patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of aggressive histology, as compared with their predecessors. These protocols have been developed based on the cancer chemotherapy principles derived mainly of experimental tumor studies by H. Skipper and his group, and the theoretical approach by Goldie and Coldman to the occurrence of and chemotherapeutic overcoming of resistant clones. They are characterized by the use of multiple non-cross-resistant drugs in maximally elevated dose intensity. Our third generation protocol, CAMBO-VIP, has produced 90% CR and 76% DFS at 3 years. Further improvement may be obtained by application of new drugs with different mechanism of action, effective means to destruct resistant cells, and further elevation of dose intensity by myelostimmulatory cytokines or transplantation of autologous/allogeneic peripheral blood or bone marrow stem cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Multiple hepatosplenic abscesses: successful treatment by continuous intraportal administration of amphotericin B in a case with acute promyelocytic leukemia].

A 40-year-old female was admitted in August 1989 with a diagnosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia (AML; M3). One course of modified-DCMP regimen induced complete remission in September, but she developed spiking fever at a nadir period of WBC after induction chemotherapy. CT revealed multiple hepato-splenic abscesses presumably due to candida infection. She was treated with intravenous administration of amphotericin B (AMPH-B) and other antifungal agents. Despite the hematological remission and prolonged use of these antifungal agents, high fever persisted. A catheter was inserted into the portal vein under ultrasonic-guidance. AMPH-B was administered through the catheter: the initial dose was 3 mg/day and was soon increased to 20 mg/day. Her fever subsided in 1 week, and the sizes of liver abscesses on CT reduced markedly. Chill and hypokalemia were observed during this therapy. The catheter was removed from the portal vein after 29 days. Partial portal vein thrombosis was noted around the catheter tip. This case suggests the usefulness of intraportal administration of AMPH-B in patients with hematological malignancy developing multiple liver abscesses.

Abscess↗
PubMed1992

Peripheral nervous system in the larynx. An anatomical study of the motor, sensory and autonomic nerve fibers.

The laryngeal peripheral nervous system is presented on the basis of our results in the cat, following 10 years of investigation using mainly tracer techniques. The present paper focused on the localization of each laryngeal motoneuron, the myotopical arrangements of motoneurons innervating the pharyngeal and esophageal striated muscles within the nucleus ambiguus in the motor nerve supply, and also on the location of neurons, the distribution and density of nerve fibers, the area and laterality of the innervation, and the pathway to the larynx in the sensory and sympathetic nerve supplies. Regarding the parasympathetic nerve supply, the neural ganglia and the ganglionic cells in and around the laryngeal nerves and in the laryngeal framework are demonstrated. Most of this innervation, however, is still unclear. Discussions from the literature are also reported.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Immunophenotyping analysis of acute undifferentiated leukemia].

The diagnosis of acute undifferentiated leukemia (AUL) is made when the leukemic cells do not have cytologic or cytochemical features of myeloid cells, and do not express myeloid antigens (CD13, CD14, CD33, CD41 etc.) or lymphoid antigens (CD2, CD3, CD19, CD20, Sm Ig etc.). Most of these cells are reported to be positive for CD7, CD34, TdT and HLA-DR, either alone or in combination. Cell lineage can be suspected in most AUL cells by genotypic analysis, phenotypic analysis after culturing with TPA, or peroxidase activity by ultrastructural or immunohistochemical analysis, which indicates the heterogeneity of AUL. The patients with AUL appear to have a poor prognosis with conventional chemotherapy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

[Chromosomal translocations involving immunoglobulin or T-cell receptor genes in lymphoid malignancy].

Tumor-specific chromosomal translocations in lymphoid malignancy frequently involve the fusion of immunoglobulin (Ig) or T-cell receptor (TCR) gene loci with oncogenes, thereby activating the latter to contribute to the malignant phenotype. The preponderance of chromosomal translocations involving Ig or TCR genes suggests that the enzymatic machinery, the lymphocyte recombinase, is used in the formation of abnormal chromosomes. However, the role of ectopic recombination signals for recombinase in chromosomal translocations has been controversial. In this paper, molecular studies of genes adjacent to the breakpoints of these chromosomal translocation are reviewed, and the mechanism of chromosomal translocation and clinical characteristics of the tumor with specific chromosomal translocation are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Partial structure of an anti-ulcer pectic polysaccharide from the roots of Bupleurum falcatum L.

Methylation analysis of a pectic polysaccharide (Bupleuran 2IIc) with anti-ulcer activity, isolated from the roots of Bupleurum falcatum L., revealed (1----4)-linked alpha-GalA together with small proportions of 2,4- and 3,4-linked GalA, and variously linked neutral sugars. Digestion of Bupleuran 2IIc with endo-alpha-(1----4)-polygalacturonase gave mainly galacturono-oligosaccharides (PG-4) and small proportions of enzyme-resistant regions (PG-1-3). PG-1 contained the sequence----4)GalA- (1----2)-Rha-(1----4)-GalA-(1----, and partial acid hydrolysis gave GalA-(1----4)-Rha, GlcA-(1----4)-Rha, and several di- and oligosaccharides consisting variously of Xyl, Glc, Gal, and Man. PG-2 and PG-3 each contained Rha, Fuc, Ara, Xyl, Man, Gal, Glc, GalA, GlcA, 2-Me-Fuc, 2-Me-Xyl, apiose (Api), aceric acid (AceA), and 3-deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonic acid (Kdo). PG-4 contained (1----4)-linked alpha-galacturono-di-to-penta- saccharides and GalA. The galacturono-tetra- and -penta-saccharides had one and three methyl-esterified GalA units, respectively, and some of the galacturono-oligosaccharides contained 2,4- or 2,3-linked GalA.

Anti-Ulcer Agents↗
PubMed1991

Human herpesvirus-6 infection in bone marrow transplantation.

Twenty-five pediatric patients who received bone marrow transplantation (BMT) were studied prospectively to determine the relationship between BMT and human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) infection by the virus isolation from peripheral blood and/or bone marrow and by determining neutralizing antibodies to HHV-6 during the 2 months following BMT. All of the 25 donors and the recipients were immune to HHV-6 at the time of BMT and the virus was not isolated from them. HHV-6 was isolated from peripheral blood and/or bone marrow mononuclear cells in ten (40%) of the 25 recipients between day 14 and day 22 of BMT, but not from any other day. Two additional recipients showed a significant increase in the antibody titer. Thus, infection with HHV-6 was confirmed in 12 (48%) of the 25 recipients. Four of the 12 developed skin rashes; three of these four had a febrile episode when the virus was isolated, whereas none of the remaining 13 developed the skin rash. These results suggest a frequent infection with HHV-6 only a few weeks after BMT and a close association between the infection with the virus and the development of skin rashes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

A combination trial of human lymphoblastoid interferon and bestrabucil (KM2210) for adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma.

Both human lymphoblastoid interferon (HLBI) and bestrabucil, the conjugate of chlorambucil and beta-estradiol, have antitumor activity against adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATLL). Because an in vitro study showed that these two agents combined had a synergistic antiproliferative effect on MOLT-4 and WI-38VA13 cell lines, the authors evaluated the clinical efficacy of this combination in a pilot study with a poor-risk group of ATLL patients. The patients were treated daily with 6 x 10(6) IU of HLBI subcutaneously and 100 mg of bestrabucil orally. In patients with lymphoma-type ATLL or hypercalcemia, prednisolone also was given daily. Of 12 patients suitable for evaluation, nine had partial responses, one had a minor response, and two had no response. All five patients with skin infiltration and both patients with hypercalcemia responded. A history of prior chemotherapy did not affect the response rate. The time to clinical response was 3 to 16 days (median, 11 days) after initiation of treatment. The response duration was 4 to 108+ weeks (median, 9 weeks), but all patients except one relapsed, even during continuing treatment. No serious side effects were observed. Although the response rate with this combination treatment was high, the response duration was short, and other treatments would have to be added to achieve control of this aggressive disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Quantification of intracellular free sodium ions by using a new fluorescent indicator, sodium-binding benzofuran isophthalate in guinea pig myocytes.

Isolated guinea pig myocytes were loaded with the Na(+)-sensitive fluorescent probe, sodium-binding benzofuran isophthalate (SBFI). The 340/380 nm fluorescence ratios were measured with fluorescence microscopy. The distribution of intracellular Na+ concentration ([Na+]i) was homogenous, and the mean resting [Na+]i was 8.4 +/- 0.5 mM. There was a significant relationship (r = 0.66, p less than 0.001) between elevation of [Na+]i and shortening of longitudinal length of the cells, during the perfusion of 100 microM strophanthidin. It is concluded that this method is suitable for measuring [Na+]i in isolated myocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Vocal fold epithelial hyperplasia. Vibratory behavior vs extent of lesion.

The vibratory behavior of 72 vocal folds with epithelial hyperplasia or dysplasia was investigated by means of videostroboscopy. The amplitude of vibration (AMP) and mucosal wave (WAV) were related to the relative area, depth, and relative volume of the lesion. The AMP and WAV were evaluated for the entire vocal fold (AMPE, WAVE) and for the affected portion or the lesion (AMPL, WAVL). The AMPE, AMPL, WAVE, and WAVL were negatively related to the relative area, depth, and relative volume. The relationship between the limited vibratory movement and the extent of the lesion was most significantly manifested in WAVL. A complete absence of any vibratory movement of the vocal fold took place only for large lesions occupying three fourths or more of the membranous vocal fold.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Excitatory and inhibitory amino acid changes in ischemic brain regions in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Excitatory (glutamate, aspartate) or inhibitory amino acids (gamma-aminobutyric acid: GABA, taurine) and glutamine contents were examined in acutely induced cerebral ischemia in spontaneously hypertensive rats. At 20 min ischemia most of these amino acids remained unchanged, but glutamine significantly decreased by 14% in the CA3 hippocampal subfield. At 60 min ischemia glutamate significantly decreased by 14% in the CA3, aspartate by 17-26% in the CA3, cingulate cortex, septum and striatum. In contrast, GABA significantly increased by 48-106% in the cortices (frontal, parietal and cingulate), striatum and nucleus accumbens, but insignificantly in hippocampal subfields. Likewise, taurine increased in the parietal cortex and nucleus accumbens. Glutamine showed heterogeneous changes (increase in the nucleus accumbens and decrease in the CA3). Amino acid levels change during ischemia, but their changes are varied in each area, implying that different reaction of amino acids may explain the selective vulnerability to cerebral ischemia.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1991

Pharyngoesophageal bypass using a free jejunal graft for corrosive stricture--a case report.

The management of corrosive strictures of the esophagus involving the pharynx and/or larynx continues to be a challenge to surgeons. This paper presents a case of a corrosive stricture extending from the hypopharynx to the cervical esophagus associated with complete obstruction of the larynx, which was successfully treated by pharyngoesophageal bypass using a free jejunal graft. Postoperative recovery was smooth without any complications, and swallowing was restored. Three months after the bypass operation, the patient underwent laryngoplasty. Although aspiration occurred immediately after the laryngoplasty, six months later she was again able to tolerate the oral intake of semisolid food without any need for supplementary nutritional support. Reconstruction of a short segment of the pharyngoesophageal stricture by a free jejunal graft restores almost normal swallowing provided that dilatation of the lower esophagus is achieved.

Adult↗