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Biomedical subjects

M Hirai

Publications and source records attributed to M Hirai.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Campylobacter enterocolitis complaining of melena].

A 38-year-old man was admitted to our hospital complaining of 5 episodes of melena without abdominal pain or diarrhea. No abnormalities were noted through an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, but a proctoscopy revealed a large amount of coagulated blood within the rectum immediately before his admission. A colonoscopy revealed spotty redness with dark-red coagulation in the region from the splenic flexure down to the rectum except oral colon beyond the transverse colon. A presumptive diagnosis of campylobacter enterocolitis was made by a microscopy performed on the stool specimen, then an oral administration of erythromycin was started. A colonoscopy done on the 5th hospital day proved improvement on the mucosal changes. The final diagnosis of campylobacter enterocolitis was made by the stool culture. The patient took a satisfactory course of hospitalization and was discharged on the 10th day. Bacteriological examination of stool specimen together with endoscopy has been confirmed to be useful for the diagnosis of melena cases without manifestation of infectious enterocolitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Chronic lymphocytic leukemia with peripheral T lymphocytes expressing CD 2+, CD 3+, CD 4-, CD 8-, CD 16+, and CD 56+ and lymph-node lymphocytes expressing CD 2+, CD 3-, CD 4-, CD 8-, CD 16+, CD 38+, and CD 56+].

A 33-year-old man was hospitalized because of thrombocytopenia and severe splenomegaly. On admission 78% of peripheral lymphoid cells were abnormally large, with pale cytoplasm. Flow cytometry of the abnormal lymphocytes showed that they expressed CD 2, CD 3, CD 11, CD 16, and CD 56, but not CD 4 nor CD 8, so they were T-cell large granular lymphocytes (T-LGL). Abnormal lymphocytes obtained from a lymph node expressed CD 2, CD 16, CD 38, and CD 56, but not CD 3, CD 4, and CD 8, so they were natural killer(NK) cells. Splenectomy was performed and the operative specimen showed diffuse infiltration of pleomorphic lymphocytes, probably chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. After splenectomy, the platelet count returned to normal but the lymphocytosis continued. Two years after discharge, chemotherapy was done because of thrombocytopenia and hepatomegaly. The patient died of disseminated intravascular coagulation arising from sepsis. The differences and similarities between peripheral and lymph-node lymphocytes suggest that LGL and NK cells may be differentiated from the same kind of cell, somewhat differentiated from stem cells.

ADP-ribosyl Cyclase↗
PubMed1991

[Thermochemotherapy of prostatic cancer].

We performed hyperthermia concomitantly with the use of anticancer agents (etoposide and peplomycin) for the treatment of 13 patients with prostatic cancer. Seven of them were new cases and the others were recurrent ones. After intravenous administration of etoposide and peplomycin, hyperthermia was applied twice a week for 10 times in total. Clinical efficiency was evaluated by CT, ultrasound, prostatic biopsy. Tumor regression were observed in 12 cases. According to the General Rule for Clinical and Pathological Studies on Prostatic Cancer by Japanese Urological Association and the Japanese Pathological Society, one case of Ef2 and 5 cases of Ef1 were obtained with this treatment. Side effects caused by hyperthermia were urethral pain (1 case) and skin burning (1 case) noted.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

[Expression of CD56 antigen on acute nonlymphocytic leukemia].

CD56 antigen (detected by NKH-1) is distributed on NK cells, monocytes, and ectodermal neural cells. In this study, the blasts of 29.2% of 27 patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) expressed CD56 antigen, but not CD16, CD2, or CD3 antigen. Leukemic cells isolated from 3 patients with CD56-positive ANLL did not have NK activity. There were no significant differences between CD56-positive and CD56-negative ANLL in CD13-positive cases, CD33-positive cases, and HLA-DR-positive cases. These results suggest that CD56-positive ANLL could be so-called mixed-lineage leukemia (lymphoid-associated antigen in ANLL).

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1991

[Recanalization of saphenous vein graft occlusion after CABG using a newly designed coronary wire].

A 57-year-old male underwent coronary bypass grafting, consisting of sequentially grafting of saphenous vein grafts to the diagonal and left descending arteries and the right coronary artery. On the 12th postoperative day, he had chest pain and ECG showed significant ST elevation on the V1-5 leads. Subsequently, PTCR was performed, however, the occlusion of the graft between the diagonal artery and the left descending artery remained. Then, a coronary boring wire we designed was inserted into the left descending artery and coronary recanalization was successfully achieved.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗
PubMed1991

Interaction and cleavage of DNA with metal complexes of macrocyclic compound consisting of two 1, 10-phenanthroline.

We have synthesized two metal complexes of the macrocyclic compound (III, IV), with which either Cu2+ or Ru2+ is coordinated, consisting of two 1,10-phenanthroline molecules bridged by sulfur. Interaction of the metal complexes with DNA was examined by spectroscopic method and their binding constants were determined. The DNA cleaving activities of these complexes were also investigated.

Copper↗
PubMed1991

[Surgical treatment of ruptured descending aortic aneurysm to the right extra thoracic space: a case report].

A fifty-nine year-old woman was emergently admitted to our hospital for the aneurysm in descending aorta. She complained of severe back pain and dysphagia, and showed extreme hypotension. Aortic angiography was performed immediately. It revealed the aneurysm of descending aorta (phi 7.2 cm) and abdominal aorta (phi 3.5 cm), and also showed obstruction of bilateral common iliac arteries. On chest X-ray, a diffuse shadow of the right-sided chest was found. Through chest drainage, fresh blood was let out from extrapleural space. On the next day, the drainage blood markedly increased. Subsequently, emergent operation was performed. The operation consists of resection of aortic aneurysm with grafting and aortofemoral bypass with a Y shaped graft. The patient survived the operation and was discharged without any disability.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed1991

[Adult T-cell leukemia lymphoma with metastatic calcification].

A 52-year-old man, who came from Kagoshima prefecture, was hospitalized because of lumbago and lymphadenopathy. On admission, mild anemia and leukocytosis with atypical lymphoid cells were seen in the peripheral blood. Flow cytometry of the abnormal lymphocytes showed that they expressed CD4, and CD25, but not CD8. Anti HTLV I antibody was expressed in the serum. Atypical lymphoid cells had proviral DNA with restriction enzyme EcoRI. Lymphnode biopsy was performed and the specimens of lymphnode showed diffuse infiltration of abnormal lymphocytes. So we diagnosed Adult T-cell leukemia lymphoma. The patient's serum calcium level was increased, so he lost consciousness and became oliguric and developed acute renal failure. Hemodialysis was required to control azotemia. During the time of hemodialysis, cardiac arrest was occurred and he died. Autopsy confirmed the presence of a metastatic calcification in various organs, such as myocardium, alveolar septa of the lungs, and gastric mucosa. A metastatic calcinosis was found in the myocardium, which was thought to be the cause of his heart failure. But at the ATLL cells didn't infiltrate in the myocardium. Calcinosis was a significant complication of neoplastic disease in these patients and contributed to morbidity and mortality.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1991

Protein kinase C activity and protein phosphorylation in mouse sperm.

It has been suggested that the Ca2+ and phospholipid dependent protein kinase (protein kinase C; PKC) plays some intermediary roles in the regulation of the zona pellucida-induced acrosome reaction in mouse sperm. We here demonstrated that PKC activity is in the cytosol fraction of mouse sperm and that treatment of sperm with a PKC activator, 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA), induces translocation of PKC to the membrane fraction. Treatment of epididymal sperm with 20 ng/ml TPA or 20 microM of the Ca2+ ionophore A23187 did not induce any specific protein phosphorylation. However, two specific proteins, with molecular weights of 215 kDa and 35 kDa, were significantly phosphorylated when sperm were incubated with A23187 prior to TPA treatment. A similar synergistic effect of TPA and A23187 was observed in Ca2+ accumulation in sperm. We also demonstrated that exogenous PKC purified from human pancreatic cells catalyzes the phosphorylation of these two proteins in vitro as well. The present data support the idea that the activation of PKC and subsequent protein phosphorylation are involved in the regulation of the zona pellucida-induced acrosome reaction.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Levels of serum granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in patients with infections.

To clarify the physiologic roles of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in infectious states in vivo, we examined the serum levels of G-CSF in patients with infection. Serum samples from 24 patients in the acute stage of infection (14 men and 10 women, age 65 to 101, without hematologic disorders), as well as samples from 32 age-matched normal elderly volunteers were investigated. Sixteen of the initial 24 patients were reexamined after the recovery phase. G-CSF levels were examined by quantitative enzyme immunoassay. The G-CSF level in normal elderly controls, 25.3 +/- 19.7 pg/mL, was not different from that reported in other findings. There was no statistically significant relationship between their G-CSF level and peripheral white blood cell count or neutrophilic granulocyte count. The G-CSF level in the acute stage of infection was 731.8 +/- 895.0 pg/mL, with a range of 30 to 3,199 pg/mL. There was no significant difference in G-CSF levels between patients with respiratory tract infection and those with urinary tract infection. In all 16 cases examined, the serum G-CSF level in the acute stage of infection was significantly higher than that after recovery phase, the latter being the same as the level in normal elderly controls. G-CSF must therefore play a significant role in human infectious states in vivo.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Stimulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis by epidermal growth factor.

The effects of mouse epidermal growth factor (mEGF) on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis were studied in vivo in conscious male rats and in vitro with cultured anterior pituitary cells. Both intravenous (i.v.) and intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injections of mEGF (5-20 ng: 8.3-33.3 pmol) produced significant, dose-related increases in plasma ACTH and corticosterone concentrations. The potency of mEGF is 1/20-1/50 of that of rat corticotropin-releasing factor (rCRF), and pretreatment with 150 micrograms alpha-helical CRF (9-41) completely abolished the effects of the two peptides. mEGF in concentrations ranging from 10 pM to 10 nM did not significantly affect ACTH release from dispersed anterior pituitary cells. It also failed to alter ACTH secretion in response to rCRF. These results indicate that mEGF stimulates the pituitary-adrenocortical axis through a CRF-dependent mechanism.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1990

Purification of two distinct proteins of approximate Mr 80,000 from human epithelial cells and identification as proper substrates for protein kinase C.

A Mr-80,000 acidic phosphoprotein ('80K protein') is a specific substrate for protein kinase C. We attempted to purify the 80K protein from a human squamous-cell carcinoma cell line, Ca9-22, by the sequential use of heat treatment, (NH4)2SO4 precipitation, Mono Q column chromatography, proRPC column chromatography and gel filtration. The 80K protein was assayed by phosphorylation in vitro by using partially purified human type III protein kinase C, and was fractionated into two distinct molecular species with slightly different Mr values, designated 80K-L and 80K-H proteins. Phosphorylation occurred mainly at serine residues of these proteins. Two-dimensional phosphopeptide maps after trypsin digestion and kinetic profiles of phosphorylation were different from each other. Ca2(+)- and phospholipid-dependency of the phosphorylation in vitro confirmed that both 80K-L and 80K-H proteins are true substrates for three subtypes of protein kinase C. The 80K-L protein was a preferential substrate for type III protein kinase C, and the 80K-H protein was phosphorylated more effectively by type I and type II protein kinase C. The possible roles of these two distinct 80K proteins in signal transduction are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Effect of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether and diethylene glycol monomethyl ether on hepatic metabolizing enzymes.

Glycol ethers have been extensively used in industry over the past 40-50 years. Numerous studies on the toxicity of glycol ethers have been performed, however, the effects of glycol ethers on the hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes are still unknown. We studied the changes of the putative metabolic enzymes, that is, the hepatic microsomal mixed function oxidase system and cytosolic alcohol dehydrogenase, by the oral administration of diEGME and EGME. Adult male Wistar rats were used. DiEGME was administered orally; 500, 1000, 2000 mg/kg for 1, 2, 5 or 20 days and EGME was 100, 300 mg/kg for 1, 2, 5 or 20 days. Decreases in liver weights were produced by highest doses of diEGME (2000 mg/kg body wt/day for 20 days) and EGME (300 mg/kg body wt/day for 20 days). DiEGME increased hepatic microsomal protein contents and induced cytochrome P-450, but not cytochrome b5 or NADPH-cytochrome c reductase. The activity of cytosolic ADH was not affected by diEGME administration. On the other hand, EGME did not change cytochrome P-450, cytochrome b5 or NADPH-cytochrome c reductase. The activity of cytosolic ADH was increased by repeated EGME treatment. Therefore it is suspected that the enzyme which takes part in the metabolism of diEGME is different from that of EGME, although diEGME is a structural homologue of EGME.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

Reduced tyrosine phosphorylation and nonresponsiveness to EGF-mediated cytotoxicity in EGF receptor-hyperproducing UCVA-1 cells.

UCVA-1 cells, derived from human pancreas adenocarcinoma, have a high number of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors (1.0 x 10(6) per cell) but their growth is not inhibited by EGF, unlike other EGF receptor-hyperproducing tumour cells. In UCVA-1 cells EGF activates neither the phosphatidylinositol turnover nor protein kinase C. EGF, however, enhances the phosphorylation of EGF receptors at specific tyrosine residues, indicating that the EGF receptor kinase is active and subject to autophosphorylation. Downmodulation of EGF receptors by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) is also observed. Using an anti-phosphotyrosine antibody several phosphoproteins, including EGF receptors, were immunoprecipitated from UCVA-1 cell lysates, whereas more than 20 phosphoproteins were detected in other EGF receptor-hyperproducing tumour cells (NA), indicating that tyrosine-phosphorylation of endogenous substrates by EGF receptor kinase is significantly reduced in UCVA-1 cells. Thus, non-responsiveness of UCVA-1 cells to EGF is correlated with the reduced tyrosine phosphorylation.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗