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Biomedical subjects

M Herron

Publications and source records attributed to M Herron.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Total ankle replacement.

29 patients underwent 30 Scandinavian Total Ankle Replacements (STAR) by a single surgeon, over a four year period (1997 to 2001). There were 12 primary osteo arthritic patients with 6 post traumatic. The mean age of these 18 patients was 73. Eleven patients had rheumatoid arthritis and these had a mean age of 58 years at the time of surgery. One patient had bilateral replacements giving a total of 30 prostheses inserted. On review dorsiflexion had increased from a mean of 7 to 11 degrees while plantar flexion from 15 to 24 degrees. The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle hindfoot score was 95 (maximum 100) and the Kofoed ankle score revealed 17 excellent, 5 good and 4 fair. No patients had radiological evidence of loosening. Our intermediate term result for the STAR (W. Link GmbH & Co., Hamburg, Germany) ankle replacement has yielded 90% excellent and good functional outcomes in a mixed osteo arthritic and rheumatoid population which mirrors the results of those published from Scandinavia.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Dorsal plating for displaced intra-articular fractures of the distal radius.

Thirty patients with a mean age of 42 years and a dorsally displaced intra-articular fracture of the distal radius were treated by dorsal plating (Forte, PI and AO T plates). Twenty-eight required autogenous iliac crest bone graft. Mobilisation was started at 1-2 weeks and patients were left free by 6-8 weeks. At a minimum of 6 months (mean 11 months) functional outcomes were excellent or good in 93% according to the Gartland and Werley score and 60% according to Green and O'Briens modified score. The mean time taken to return to work was 10 weeks. At the final follow-up, three patients had intra-articular steps, two of <1mm and one of <2mm. Four patients had five major complications. One extensor tendon rupture, one reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD), one significant radial shortening requiring a Darrachs' procedure, one painful and incongruent distal radio-ulna joint (DRUJ) also requiring a Darrachs' and one early subluxation of the DRUJ requiring re-operation. Eleven patients had plates removed. The indications for this was either irritation of extensor tendons, restriction of movement, as part of the treatment of one of the above complications or as part of the initial treatment protocol. In these high energy injuries in the younger age group there exists no ideal solution. Internal fixation allows more predictable restoration of anatomy and early return to function.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Dimerization of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) required for optimal recognition of P-selectin.

Interactions between P-selectin, expressed on endothelial cells and activated platelets, and its leukocyte ligand, a homodimer termed P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1), mediate the earliest adhesive events during an inflammatory response. To investigate whether dimerization of PSGL-1 is essential for functional interactions with P-selectin, a mutant form of PSGL-1 was generated in which the conserved membrane proximal cysteine was mutated to alanine (designated C320A). Western blotting under both denaturing and native conditions of the C320A PSGL-1 mutant isolated from stably transfected cells revealed expression of only a monomeric form of PSGL-1. In contrast to cells cotransfected with alpha1-3 fucosyltransferase-VII (FucT-VII) plus PSGL-1, K562 cells expressing FucT-VII plus C320A failed to bind COS cells transfected with P-selectin in a low shear adhesion assay, or to roll on CHO cells transfected with P-selectin under conditions of physiologic flow. In addition, C320A transfectants failed to bind chimeric P-selectin fusion proteins. Both PSGL-1 and C320A were uniformly distributed on the surface of transfected K562 cells. Thus, dimerization of PSGL-1 through the single, conserved, extracellular cysteine is essential for functional recognition of P-selectin.

Alanine↗
PubMed1997

Formation and pharmacokinetics of the active drug candoxatrilat in mouse, rat, rabbit, dog and man following administration of the prodrug candoxatril.

1. Candoxatrilat, an active neutral endopeptidase inhibitor, was released rapidly from the inactive prodrug candoxatril in vivo in mouse, rat, rabbit, dog and man. 2. Oral doses of [14C]-candoxatril were cleared rapidly, mostly by ester hydrolysis to candoxatrilat, in mouse, dog and man. A complementary intravenous study in man with [14C]-candoxatrilat showed that the active drug was virtually completely renally cleared. Neither candoxatril nor candoxatrilat underwent chiral inversion in man. 3. Systemic availability of candoxatrilat from the oral prodrug was estimated to be 88, 53, 42, 17 and 32% in mouse, rat, rabbit, dog and man respectively. Plasma clearance of candoxatril was too rapid to enable pharmacokinetic parameter calculation in mouse and rabbit; for man, the apparent oral clearance was 57.9 ml/min/kg and the elimination half-life was 0.46 h. 4. For intravenous candoxatrilat, total plasma clearance values were 32, 15, 5.5, 5.8 and 1.9 ml/min/kg for mouse, rat, rabbit, dog and man respectively. Renal clearance values were 8.7, 7.2, 2.9 and 1.7 ml/min/kg for mouse, rat, dog and man and these approximate to the respective glomerular filtration rates. Allometric scaling with respect to bodyweight across the species allowed reasonable prediction of the above two clearance parameters in man.

Absorption↗
PubMed1987

Evaluation of the weekly cervical examination in a preterm birth prevention program.

The efficacy of regular cervical examinations in detecting preterm labor, as well as possible risks, was studied for 133 preterm labor patients who had received regular cervical examinations as part of a preterm birth prevention program. When compared to all other patients experiencing preterm labor during the study period, the rates of preterm premature rupture of the membranes, chorioamnionitis, and postpartum endomyometritis were not increased. For 95 patients with preterm labor within 7 days of a routine cervical examination, labor onset was not temporally associated with the preceding examination. Preterm labor was diagnosed in 18 asymptomatic patients (18.2%) when the weekly examination revealed cervical change. Routine cervical exams, therefore, did not increase morbidity, and for some patients identified preterm labor before symptoms appeared.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed1981

Maternal morbidity associated with isoxsuprine and terbutaline tocolysis.

A retrospective study of 343 women treated with isoxsuprine and/or terbutaline for preterm labor (PTL) was performed to determine the incidence and nature of maternal morbidity which is associated with this treatment. The incidence of mild cardiovascular (CV), neurological and gastrointestinal side effects was similar with both medications. The incidence, however, of severe CV complications such as pulmonary edema and myocardial ischemia was higher among women treated with i.v. terbutaline (5.3%) than among those treated with isoxsuprine (0.8%, P less than 0.05). Patients with multiple gestations on i.v. terbutaline therapy had an exceptionally high incidence of severe CV complications (43%), while none of the twin pregnancies on i.v. isoxsuprine had such complications. Corticosteroid treatment was not associated with a significant increase of complications with either tocolytic medication. Both medications had similar success in inhibiting PTL.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Chemotactic deactivation of human neutrophils: possible relationship to stimulation of oxidative metabolism.

Neutrophils preexposed to high concentrations of activated complement or synthetic N-formyl methionyl peptides are inhibited in their subsequent spontaneous and chemotactic migratory responses. We have considered the possibility that a part of this nonspecific loss of migratory function may be attributable to the interaction of the leukocytes with reactive forms of oxygen deriving from the cytotaxin-induced burst of oxidative metabolic activity. For these studies we have assessed the effect of preexposure of neutrophils from patients with chronic granulomatous disease to cytotaxins on their subsequent migratory responses. We find that these responses are not altered by preexposure to either cytotaxin. Thus, there appears to be a functional relationship between deactivation and the ability of the normal neutrophil to undergo a cytotaxin-induced respiratory burst.

Blood↗
PubMed1979

A clinical trial of trimebutine (Mebutin) in spastic colon.

Twenty adult Indian patients suffering from the spastic form of irritable colon, i.e. abdominal pain and constipation, were given trimebutine (Mebutin), 2-phenyl, 2-dimethylamino-n-butyl 3, 4, 5-trimethoxybenzoate. Patients were given treatment with 200 mg trimebutine three times daily, or placebo for 4 weeks, and then crossed over. In addition, stool transit times were assessed by the single stool transit time (SST) method of Cummings. Results showed a statistical improvement in abdominal pain and constipation with both trimebutine and placebo after 4 weeks, but only with trimebutine after 8 weeks. Single stool transit time was significantly reduced after trimebutine.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A fibrin adhesive seal for the repair of osteochondral fracture fragments.

A biologic tissue adhesive, a two-component fibrin sealant, for the immobilization of experimentally produced osteochondral fractures of the radial head and femoral condyle was investigated in dogs. The two components of the fibrin sealant were a sealer protein solution (fibrinogen) and a thrombin solution. A fibrinolytic inhibitor (C-esterase inhibitor) was added to prevent degradation of the fibrin by proteolytic enzymes. The operation was performed in 16 joints in four dogs. Control fractures on the right side were fixed with 5-cm Kirschner wires. No external immobilization was utilized. The dogs were killed at intervals of two, four, and eight weeks. There were no complications. All fractures healed uneventfully by eight weeks. Osseous repair seemed to be stimulated by the sealant and to occur faster than in the fractures fixed with pins.

Animals↗