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Biomedical subjects

M Henry

Publications and source records attributed to M Henry.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

A new biological activity for the neuropeptide FMRFamide: experimental evidence for a secretagogue effect on amylase secretion in the scallop Pecten maximus.

FMRFamide immunoreactivity in the digestive tract of the bivalve mollusc Pecten maximus was investigated by immunocytochemistry. Positive FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity was detected in nerve fibres in close contact with exocrine alpha amylase secreting cells. Physiological studies on enzymatically dissociated cells of the stomach-digestive gland complex demonstrated the involvement of FMRFamide and analogues in the control of alpha amylase release from the cells. The FMRFamide-induced secretion was shown to be time- and dose-dependent. In contrast to most naturally occurring vertebrate secretagogues which are hormones, FMRFamide appears to work in our in vitro system as a paracrine factor.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Self-expandable Nitinol stent for cardiovascular applications: canine and human experience.

The initial experimental and clinical experience with the cardiovascular self-expandable Nitinol stent (vascular and coronary versions) is described. The stent is designed as a helical coil with two terminal balls that are used for restraining it on the delivery catheter. Upon release, the stent self-expands immediately. A temporary stent version continues with a long wire that can be removed by pulling it as a straight wire through a small profile catheter. The stent uncoils in its own groove upon removal, a relatively atraumatic procedure. The stents have been studied in dogs and in peripheral arteries in patients. The results show a transient nonocclusive proliferative response to the stent that is maximal at 3-6 mo. The removability of the permanent stent has been proven in dogs. The preliminary results in patients are encouraging and demonstrate its feasibility for permanent and potentially temporary arterial support.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Epidermal langerhans cells of AIDS patients express HIV-1 regulatory and structural genes.

In this study we searched for the presence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1)-spliced mRNA in epidermal cells from AIDS patients. Using reverse polymerase chain reaction and Southern hybridization we detected mRNA for HIV-1 regulatory (tat, rev, nef) and structural genes (env) in epidermal cells highly enriched for Langerhans cells, but not in Langerhans cell-depleted epidermal cells in two of three HIV-1-infected patients tested. In contrast to the expression of HIV-1 mRNA, T-cell-specific mRNA was readily detectable in all preparations of Langerhans cell-depleted but in only one preparation of Langerhans cell-enriched epidermal cells. This indicates that contaminating T cells are a very unlikely source of virus-specific mRNA in our epidermal cell preparations. Our data suggest that Langerhans cells are the main, if not the only, cell type infected with HIV-1 within the epidermis of AIDS patients and demonstrate that HIV-1 regulatory as well as structural genes are transcribed in these cells.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1994

Initial experience with the Cragg Endopro System 1 for intraluminal treatment of peripheral vascular disease.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a new covered stent, the Cragg Endopro System 1, for intraluminal treatment of peripheral vascular disease in the iliac and femoropopliteal arteries. METHODS: Forty symptomatic patients with predominantly lengthy stenotic (24) or occlusive (13) lesions or aneurysms (3) in the iliac (19), femoral (19), or popliteal (2) arteries were treated percutaneously with balloon angioplasty followed by implantation of the self-expanding nitinol Cragg stent covered by a woven polyester fabric coated with low-molecular-weight heparin. The mean length of femoropopliteal lesions was 13.0 +/- 1.8 cm, as compared to 6.7 +/- 0.8 cm (p < 0.01) for iliac lesions. Mean percent stenosis was 89% +/- 2% with no significant difference between the arterial segments. RESULTS: With a total of 52 covered stents implanted, technical success was achieved in 98% (39/40 patients). One tortuous femoral artery aneurysm was not satisfactorily excluded to prevent leakage. Clinical success was seen in all patients with demonstrable improvements in the claudication stage and the ankle-brachial index from a mean 0.54 to 0.92. Three local complications (one hematoma, two false aneurysms) required surgical repair. One distal embolism, one acute thrombosis, and three subacute thromboses were encountered and successfully treated by thrombolysis and/or surgery. One patient with two iliac stents developed contralateral common iliac artery occlusion from a stent partially obstructing the aorta; placement of a covered stent in the blocked artery re-established normal flow. Over an 8-month follow-up with arteriographic re-examination, all iliac stents remained patent. At the femoropopliteal level, two stents were occluded at 4 months; one was successfully dilated, but the other required surgical bypass grafting. A third patient developed a stenotic lesion proximal to the stent; dilation restored adequate inflow to the stent. CONCLUSIONS: The Cragg Endopro System 1 appears to be effective as an "internal bypass" for iliac and femoropopliteal occlusive disease. More complications and restenosis were seen in femoropopliteal implantations; however, a change in postoperative medication may improve these results. Long-term results will determine if the Cragg Endopro System 1 can achieve a patency equal to conventional bypass grafting.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Implications of disease management in the future of managed care.

Disease management holds the promise of profound improvement in the care presently delivered to sufferers of specific diseases and provides the potential for a marked reduction in both short- and long-term health care costs. It has created an excitement that has formed new partnerships, caused managed care organizations to alter their focus, and encouraged the pharmaceutical industry to spend its wealth of resources on the total well-being of the patient. The authors address the somewhat ambiguous definition of disease management and examine the essential elements required to successfully implement programs of this nature.

Cost Control↗
PubMed1994

Large-cell anaplastic lymphoma of the gastrointestinal tract: an immuno- and genotypic study on archival material.

Primary large-cell anaplastic lymphomas (LCAL) presenting in the gastrointestinal tract are rare and sometimes difficult to distinguish from nonlymphoid tumors. Because recognition of these tumors as lymphoma has clinical and prognostic implications for the patient, the diagnostic contribution of genotyping by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and of immunophenotyping was evaluated in 16 routinely processed samples of gastric and small-intestinal LCALs. Gene rearrangement analysis was done with primers for the immunoglobulin heavy (IgH) and T-cell receptor gamma(TCR gamma) chain. Nine of the 16 cases were assigned to T- or B-lymphoid lineage immunophenotypically. Twelve of the 16 samples had a predominant T- or B-cell clone by PCR. Combination of both methods resulted in lineage assignment of 14 cases (9 T-LCAL, 5 B-LCAL). Two LCAL samples were EBV positive by PCR, one also by immunophenotyping. High expression levels of p53 did not correlate with the presence of EBV or cell lineage. Thus, gene rearrangement studies on routinely processed biopsy specimens by PCR are practical and add to the diagnostic repertoire in cases of gastrointestinal large-cell tumors of immunophenotypically undefined lineage.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 expression in human liver and healthy or atherosclerotic vessel walls.

Individuals with elevated levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 are at risk of developing atherosclerosis. The mechanisms leading to increased plasma PAI-1 concentrations are not well understood. The link observed between increased PAI-1 levels and insulin resistance has lead workers to investigate the effects of insulin or triglyceride rich lipoproteins on PAI-1 production by cultured hepatocytes or endothelial cells. However, little is known about the contribution of these cells to PAI-1 production in vivo. We have studied the expression of PAI-1 in human liver sections as well as in vessel walls from different territories, by immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization. We have observed that normal liver endothelial cells expressed PAI-1 while parenchymal cells did not. However, this fact does not refute the role of parenchymal liver cells in pathological states. In healthy vessels, PAI-1 mRNA and protein were detected primarily at the endothelium from the lumen as well as from the vasa vasorum. In normal arteries, smooth muscle cells were able to produce PAI-1 depending on the territory tested. In deeply altered vessels, PAI-1 expression was observed in neovessels scattering the lesions, in some intimal cells and in smooth muscle cells. Local increase PAI-1 mRNA described in atherosclerotic lesions could be due to the abundant neovascularization present in the lesion as well as a raised expression in smooth muscle cells. The increased PAI-1 in atherosclerosis could lead to fibrin deposit during plaque rupture contributing further to the development and progression of the lesion.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1994

A comparison of the three most common Papanicolaou smear collection techniques.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate three common instruments for sampling the endocervical canal: the Q-tip applicator, the Cytobrush, and the Cervex brush. METHODS: Clinical, cytologic, and histologic data were collected from patients enrolled in the colposcopy clinic at the National Naval Medical Center. Subjects were assigned to one of three techniques: a combination of spatula and swab, a combination of spatula and Cytobrush, and the Cervex brush alone. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the ease of use or the amount of patient discomfort among the three methods, although the Cytobrush caused an increase in mild cervical bleeding. The Cytobrush yielded the greatest number of endocervical cells. The swab produced the lowest number of endocervical cells and the greatest cellular distortion. The ability to identify patients with biopsy-proven dysplasia was comparable for each of the three methods. CONCLUSION: The Cytobrush was the best device for sampling the endocervical canal, but it was no more sensitive in detecting cervical dysplasia.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

A hematopoietic protein tyrosine phosphatase (HePTP) gene that is amplified and overexpressed in myeloid malignancies maps to chromosome 1q32.1.

Tyrosine phosphorylation is an important regulator of cell growth and differentiation reflecting the interaction of protein tyrosine kinases (PTK) and protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTP). Although excessive PTK activity can result in hematopoietic cell transformation, perturbation of either of these two modulators may result in uncontrolled cell growth. Myeloid cells are responsive to growth factors and cytokines that induce tyrosine phosphorylation and can become ligand independent when endogenous PTKs become dysregulated. Specific PTPs, through mutation or altered expression, may enhance PTK activities and also cause myeloid ligand independence, though this has not yet been demonstrated. We have previously reported the isolation of a hematopoietic specific cytoplasmic PTP (HePTP). We now report that this gene maps to chromosome 1q32.1 utilizing fluorescent in situ chromosomal hybridization (FISH). This site is frequently amplified in preleukemic myeloproliferative diseases. FISH analysis of a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome characterized by myeloid hypoplasia and monocytosis reveals triplication of the HePTP gene on one allele with elevated protein expression in neoplastic myelomonocytic cells. Elevated expression is also identified in blasts from some patients with acute leukemia. These observations prompted us to examine the experimental effects on cell growth of HePTP overexpression. Though normal myeloid cells show minimal HePTP expression, all hematopoietic cell lines tested show high expression of HePTP. Gene transfer of HePTP into NIH 3T3 cells was therefore performed, which caused altered cell morphology, disorganized growth, anchorage independent colony formation and subtle differences in the pattern of tyrosine phosphoproteins compared to control cell lines. We conclude that amplification and overexpression of HePTP may be an important cofactor contributing to abnormal myeloid cell growth.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

p53 and Ki-ras gene mutations in epithelial ovarian neoplasms.

In an effort to define the pathogenic relationship between ovarian neoplasms spanning the clinicopathological spectrum from benign to malignant, the incidence of Ki-ras and p53 mutations was determined in 20 ovarian cystadenomas, 20 low malignant potential (LMP) tumors of the ovary, and 23 ovarian carcinomas. Using DNA extracted from paraffin embedded tissue, polymerase chain reaction amplification, designed restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, and DNA sequencing, 1 cystadenoma (5%), 6 LMP tumors (30%), and 1 ovarian carcinoma (4%) demonstrated an activated Ki-ras gene. All of the Ki-ras mutations identified except one were GGT to GAT transversions at codon 12. One LMP tumor demonstrated a CAA to CAC transversion at codon 61. Using polymerase chain reaction/single strand conformational polymorphism, DNA sequencing, and immunohistochemistry, 11 ovarian carcinomas (48%) demonstrated a p53 mutation. These mutations included 5 missense, 2 nonsense, and 1 frameshift mutation located within exons 6-8 and 3 mutations that were identified only by immunohistochemical staining. No p53 mutations could be identified in cystadenomas or LMP tumors. Clinically, the presence of either a Ki-ras or p53 mutation was associated with advanced stage disease. The pattern of Ki-ras and p53 mutations appears to distinguish LMP tumors from invasive carcinomas and suggests that they may be separate biological entities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Improvement of respiratory function in chronic asthmatic patients with autogenic therapy.

Stress, unpleasant emotions and autonomic imbalance may play a main role in precipitating asthmatic attacks. In this study two homogeneous groups of asthmatic patients (N = 24) are treated over an eight-month period. The experimental group was treated with autogenic therapy and the control group with supportive group psychotherapy. Respiratory function parameters measured were Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Forced Expiratory Volume in the first sec (FEV1), Forced Expiratory Flow between 25% and 75% of the FVC (FEF25-75%), and Mesoexpiratory Flow (MEF50%). The group under Autogenic Therapy obtained a relevant clinical improvement (> 15% of pretreatment values) in respiratory function. No significant changes were observed in the control group. These results suggest that autogenic therapy could be an effective adjunctive treatment in bronchial asthma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Epitope mapping of human thyroid peroxidase defined seven epitopes recognized by sera from patients with thyroid pathologies.

Human thyroid peroxidase (hTPO) is the major component of the microsomal antigen. In almost cases, antibodies against this protein are found in sera from patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases. Overlapping cDNAs which correspond to the complete hTPO mRNA obtained from a thyroid library or by polymerase chain reaction were cloned and expressed as fusion proteins in a prokaryotic vector. Seven antigenic determinants between 21 and 49 amino acids were defined by cloning, subcloning of the immunoreactive regions and screenings with the two rabbit polyclonal anti hTPO antibodies. This study confirms the antigenic nature of the sequences 70-160 and 590-675 but above all refines the localization of three shorter distinct antigenic peptides corresponding to the sequences 68-105, 106-126 and 574-621. Moreover, four other determinants were characterized on the sequences 233-277, 467-515, 641-685 and 701-730. Analysis of sera from patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) against the seven immunoreactive peptides confirms the heterogeneous nature of autoantibodies to hTPO.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1993

Percutaneous peripheral rotational ablation using the Rotablator: immediate and mid term results. Single center experience concerning 146 lesions treated.

In order to assess the role of percutaneous peripheral rotational ablation using Rotablator (PPRA), 95 symptomatic patients (58 M, 37 F, m. age: 77 +/- 1 y) (r: 50-90 y) having 146 peripheral vascular lesions (PVL) were treated by PPRA. 59% were below the knee and 41% above. The runoff status (n of distal leg art. involved) was as follows: 3:52 pts, 2:23 pts, 1:14 pts, 0:6 pts. The femoral lesions were significantly longer than those at other sites (5.27 +/- 0.43 vs 2.97 +/- 0.3 cm) (p < 0.001). The mean length was 3.73 +/- 0.26 cm (r: 1-20 cm). Complementary PTA was significantly (p < 0.001) more frequent in femoro-popliteal (32 PTA/48 Fem, 5 PTA/12 Pop) than in distal leg lesions (10/86.). RESULTS. After PPRA alone (99 PVL) the stenosis % decreased from 81 +/- 0.75 to 18 +/- 1.1. The residual stenosis was greater at femoral (26 +/- 2.3%) than at distal leg level (16 +/- 1.2%) (p < 0.01). Complementary PTA (47 PVL) lowered residual stenosis from 44% to 13%. 52 complications (spasm, perforation, dissection, distal emboli, no reflow, others) were cured in 47 PVL. Thus our primary technical success per PVL was 97% and per pt 95%. The mean follow-up period was 11 +/- 1 mths (r: 1-37 m). Among 78 pts having a follow-up period > or = 4 mths, 74 pts representing 115 treated PVL underwent an angiography control (2 deaths, 2 lost for follow-up). 87 lesions (76%) showed no restenosis and 28 lesions (34%) showed restenosis of 83 +/- 2.4% (r: 50-100%). The restenosis rate was higher in femoral (12/21: 36%) than in distal (15/58: 21%) or popliteal arteries (1/8: 12%). Restenosis was more frequent for PVL > or = 7 cm (67% vs 16%) (p < 0.001) at all sites. This result together with the complication rate would seem to indicate that lesions > or = 6.7 cm would be a limitation for PPRA. CONCLUSIONS. In our experience Percutaneous Peripheral Rotational Ablation has taken a pre-eminent position in the treatment of distal leg arteries. Our results lead us to broaden its indications to complex vascular lesions. The possibility of runoff treatment should allow an improvement in the long-term patency of PTA and bypass grafts.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Peripheral arterial angioplasty: value of the popliteal approach. Apropos of 30 cases].

The percutaneous common femoral arterial approach is usually used for endovascular management of lower limb arterial disease. This approach is sometimes impracticable because the femoral artery is the site of severe calcific atheromatous lesions which prevent arterial puncture or, when the superficial femoral lesions are ostial or proximal, make it impossible to position the introducer and advance the guide wire. The popliteal artery then becomes very useful for treating these lesions by a retrograde approach. Similarly, superficial femoral lesions which cannot be successfully dilated by the anterograde femoral approach may justify retrograde catheterisation via the popliteal artery. Between May 1988 and August 1991, the authors used the retrograde popliteal approach in 30 cases. They obtained 24 successes, 12 of which were associated with the implantation of an endoprosthesis. There was 1 complication at the puncture site a popliteal arteriovenous fistula was created but was treated successfully by surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

A major human thyroglobulin epitope defined with monoclonal antibodies is mainly recognized by human autoantibodies.

The antigenic nature of 15 anti-human thyroglobulin (hTg) monoclonal antibody (mAb) epitopes was studied by two different approaches. First, we tested two successive protease-digest products of hTg. Only four mAb from the same cluster of reactivity recognized a low-molecular weight peptide, the other mAb only bound native hTg or high-molecular weight digest fractions. Second, these 15 mAb were used to immunoscreen hTg expression libraries. Only the same four mAb revealed immunoreactive clones corresponding to region 1149-1295 on the hTg primary sequence. After subcloning, this antigenic determinant was reduced to a 102-amino acid peptide (hTg region 1149-1250). The two different methodologies were coherent and complementary, and demonstrated that hTg sequence 1149-1250 is the target for this cluster of four mAb. Moreover, anti-hTg autoantibodies which cross-reacted with these mAb bound the 102-amino acid peptide. This epitope was the one most frequently detected by sera from autoimmune thyroid disease. The data confirm the presence of an immunodominant domain in the central part of the hTg molecule and suggest that this mAb epitope may be a powerful probe for the diagnosis of autoimmune thyroid disorders.

Amino Acid Sequence↗