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Biomedical subjects

M Henry

Publications and source records attributed to M Henry.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of the subclavian arteries.

PURPOSE: To review the feasibility, risks, and long-term results of subclavian artery angioplasty with and without Palmaz stent placement. METHODS: Over a 9-year period, 113 patients (67 males; mean age 63 +/- 13 years) underwent percutaneous balloon angioplasty of subclavian occlusive lesions for a variety of indications: vertebrobasilar insufficiency (n = 70), upper limb ischemia (n = 50), coronary steal syndrome (n = 6), or anticipated coronary artery bypass grafting using the internal mammary artery in 12 asymptomatic patients. There were 94 (83%) stenoses and 19 (17%) occlusions with a mean percent stenosis of 80.1% +/- 7.4% (range 70 to 100). Mean lesion length was 24 +/- 8 mm (range 10 to 50). Beginning in 1989, stents were implanted for suboptimal dilation; in 1995, stenting became routine. RESULTS: Overall, 103 (91%) of 113 lesions were successfully treated; 10 (53%) occlusions could not be recanalized. Fifty-one stents were implanted in 46 patients. There were 3 (2.6%) procedural complications: a transient ischemic attack, one major (fatal) stroke, and an arterial thrombosis 24 hours after the procedure (treated medically) (0.9% major stroke and death rate). During a mean 4.3-year follow-up (range to 10), 16 (15.5%) restenoses were treated with angioplasty (n = 4), stenting (n = 7), or surgery (n = 5). Primary and secondary patencies for all treated lesions (n = 113) at 8 years were 75% and 81%, respectively; in patients without initial stent placement, the rates were 69% and 76%, while in those with stents, the rates rose slightly to 87% and 94% at 2.5 years (NS). Patency rates for all 103 recanalized lesions were 83% and 90% at 8 years (81% and 90% without stent and 87% and 94% with stent at 2.5 years, respectively [NS]). CONCLUSIONS: Balloon angioplasty with or without stenting is safe and effective for treating subclavian artery occlusive diseases with good long-term patency. Recanalization of occlusions is more difficult to achieve. Stents (implanted only for suboptimal dilation) do not seem to improve long-term patency.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Stents in the treatment of renal artery stenosis: long-term follow-up.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of percutaneous stenting in the treatment of renal arterial lesions after failure of balloon angioplasty. METHODS: Two hundred ten patients (139 males; mean age 67.7 +/- 9.9 years, range 27 to 87) had 259 balloon-expandable stents (165 Palmaz and 94 Renal Bridge stents) implanted in 244 renal artery stenoses (171 ostial and 73 nonostial lesions). The patients were suffering from intractable hypertension (n = 210) and/or renal dysfunction (n = 48). The majority of the lesions (n = 234) were atheromatous in origin. Stents were implanted for suboptimal balloon dilation (n = 182, 75%), restenotic lesions (n = 27, 11%), or dissection (n = 9, 4%); 26 (11%) ostial lesions were stented primarily. Mean lesion length was 11.9 +/- 4.4 mm (range 5 to 30) and mean percent stenosis was 81.9% +/- 8.25% (range 70 to 100). RESULTS: Immediate technical success was 99% (241 of 244). Three (1.2%) major complications included one intraprocedural stent thrombosis, one arterial perforation manifesting as a perirenal hematoma 24 hours after the procedure, and one renal arterial rupture. Follow-up over a mean 25.4 +/- 22.8 months (range 1 to 96) in 185 eligible patients (209 arteries) found 24 cases of restenosis (11.4%). Primary and secondary patencies for all lesions at 60 months were 79% and 98%, respectively, with no significant differences between ostial and nonostial lesions or stent types. Hypertension was reversed in 35 (19%), improved in 112 (61%), and remained unchanged in 37 (20%). Renal function was improved in 29% (14 of 48), unchanged in 67% (32 of 48), and worse in 4% (2 of 48). CONCLUSIONS: Renal artery stenting is safe, effective, and may be an alternative to surgery, particularly in ostial lesions. Our experience shows reduction in the restenosis rate compared to conventional angioplasty. All ostial stenoses should be stented.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Increased detection of circulating tumor cells in the blood of colorectal carcinoma patients using two reverse transcription-PCR assays and multiple blood samples.

The objectives of this study were to assess whether the use of two reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) cDNA assays and multiple blood sampling increased circulating tumor cell detection in colorectal cancer patients. Systemic blood was sampled three times at 1-min intervals in 100 colorectal cancer patients (50 primary tumors only and 50 liver metastases), and in 70 control patients without known cancer. After removal of the erythrocytes, samples were subjected to separate RT-PCR reactions using specific primers for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cytokeratin 20 (CK20). Statistical analysis was performed by the two-sample binomial test and the one-sided McNemar test. There were significant increases in circulating tumor cell positivity when CEA and CK20 assays were used together as compared with either CEA or CK20 assay used alone. There were also significant increases in circulating tumor cell positivity for either CEA or CK20 assay used alone when the results from two blood samples were compared with the results from one sample. Circulating colorectal cancer cell positivity rose from 48% (CEA) and 34% (CK20) with one assay of one sample to 74% when both assays of three samples were used to identify circulating tumor cells. Three non-cancer control patients (4.3%) were positive for either CEA (two patients) or CK20 (one patient). Tumor cells were identified more frequently in the circulation of colorectal cancer patients than had been suggested previously. RT-PCR-based studies of the clinical significance of circulating cancer cells in colorectal cancer should involve multiple blood samples with identification of multiple tumor-related cDNA products.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Angioplasty and stenting of solitary supra-aortic artery and aortoplasty by kissing balloon technique.

A child presented with symptoms of compromise to cerebral blood flow and cardiac failure. On diagnostic angiography, he was found to have a discrete coarctation and related ostial stenosis of the left subclavian artery, which acted as the sole source of cerebral blood flow. The subclavian lesion was initially dilated with a 6 mm x 50 mm balloon. The discrete coarctation was then dilated with an 8 mm x 50 mm balloon. Since significant residual stenosis was present at the subclavian origin, it was stented with a 20 mm Palmaz-Schatz stent (Cordis Corporation, Miami Lakes, Florida). Since the coarcted segment required further dilatations, the kissing balloon technique was used, wherein the 6 mm balloon was placed extending from the left subclavian lesion distally to the related aortic lesion proximally, along with another 10 mm balloon in the aorta. The end result was acceptable and the patient's symptoms improved significantly after the procedure.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗
PubMed1998

Peripuberal sexual development of Pantaneiro stallions.

Pantaneiro horses are a breed native to flood plains of Brazil, where they thrive with little human interference. The aims of this study were to characterize age-associated changes in testicular size, serum testosterone and sexual behavior and to determine age at puberty as well as to evaluate daily sperm production in the Pantaneiro stallion. After weaning the males were kept in bachelor groups away from the females, in a separated area in the natural environment of flood plains. Infantile period ended at approximately 14.4 m.o. of age. Sexual interest and breeding capability first appeared between the ages of 15.6 to 27.5 m.o. The transition from prepuberal to postpuberal histological stage, occurred at approximately 27.8 m.o. of age. All animals were in the postpuberal period at 38.5 m.o. of age. Daily sperm production estimated with testicle homogenate, at 38.5 m.o. of age was low (1.4603 +/- 0.48 x 10(9) sperm) and serum testosterone levels were similar to adult levels by 27.8 m.o. In conclusion the 2 y old Pantaneiro stallions showed full sexual behavior and had adult testosterone levels, but at this age, the stage of development of the seminiferous epithelium was variable and the efficiency of sperm production was still low.

Aging↗
PubMed1998

Induction of CYP1A1, but not CYP1A2, in adrenals of 3, 3'-methylcholanthrene-treated guinea pigs.

To test the inducibility of CYP1A homologs in guinea pig adrenal, the effects of 3,3'-methylcholanthrene, an archetypal inducer of CYP1A, were compared in guinea pig adrenal and liver. Western blot analysis showed that levels of both CYP1A1 (53 kDa) and CYP1A2 (56 kDa) increasedin liver microsomes of 3,3'-methylcholanthrene-treated guinea pigs. In adrenals, an immunoreactive protein comigrating with liver CYP1A1 was detected only after 3,3'-methylcholanthrene treatment. Protein comigrating with CYP1A2 was never detected in adrenal microsomes. A third inducible immunoreactive protein (57 kDa) was seen in liver, but not adrenal, after 3, 3'-methylcholanthrene treatment. Another immunoreactive protein (52 kDa), present constitutively in liver and adrenal microsomes, was not induced in either tissue by 3,3'-methylcholanthrene. The precise identities of the inducible 57-kDa and the noninducible 52-kDa proteins remain to be determined. However, the identity of the 53-kDa protein in the adrenal as CYP1A1 was confirmed by RT-PCR, Northern blot, and sequence analysis. Similar analyses demonstrated that, despite the fact that the 56-kDa protein was not detectable in adrenal microsomes, CYP1A2 mRNA was present in adrenals of control animals. Strikingly, CYP1A2 mRNA decreased in adrenal, but increased in liver, following 3,3'-methylcholanthrene treatment, underscoring differences in the regulation of CYP1A expression in the two tissues. Levels of ethoxyresorufin and methyoxyresorufin metabolism correlated with levels of CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 protein, respectively.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1998

The deep muscular plexus of the pig duodenum: a histochemical and ultrastructural study with special reference to the interstitial cells.

The aim of the present study was to describe the deep muscular plexus of the pig duodenum and to characterize its cellular components. Numerous nerve varicosities have been detected in the deep muscular plexus using anti-synaptophysin antibodies. Nerve fibres were also detected here in the outer circular muscle layer, whereas no nerve fibres were observed in the inner circular muscle layer. In the deep muscular plexus, nerve fibres projected to interstitial cells which were characterized at the ultrastructural level. The interstitial cells were of two kinds: the interstitial fibroblastic-like cells (FLC) and the interstitial dense cells (IDC), both of which were interposed between nerve fibres and smooth muscle cells. The FLC were characterized by their elongated bipolar shape, the lack of basal lamina, a well-developed endoplasmic reticulum, a Golgi apparatus, and intermediate filaments. They were closely apposed to axon terminals containing small clear synaptic vesicles and/or dense-cored vesicles. They were frequently connected to each other and to smooth muscle cells of the inner and outer circular layer by desmosomes and more rarely by gap junctions. The IDC are myoid-like cells. They had a stellate appearance and were characterized by a dense cell body, numerous caveolae, and a discontinuous basal lamina. The IDC were always closely apposed to nerve fibres and were connected to smooth muscle cells by desmosomes and small gap junctions. The present results show the unique pattern of cellular organization of the deep muscular plexus of the pig small intestine. They suggest that the interstitial cells in the deep muscular plexus are involved in the integration and transmission of nervous inputs from myenteric neurons to the inner and outer circular muscle layers. The clear-cut distinction observed here between the two types of interstitial cells (fibroblastic and myoid-like) suggests that the interstitial cells of each type may also be involved in some other specific activity, which still remains to be determined.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Preferential photoinactivation of leukemia cells by aluminum phthalocyanine.

The efficacy of chloroaluminum phthalocyanine (AlPc) for photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been evaluated in vitro on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells, normal peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) and mobilized peripheral blood stem cells (mPBSC). The selectivity of the treatment has been evaluated by mixing PBL and TF-1, an erythroleukemic cell line. Upon photoradiation, this photosensitizer leads to a significant and preferential photokilling of leukemia cells in comparison to normal cells. The use of stimulated lymphocytes in PBL/TF-1 mixtures instead of resting cells also leads to a preferential killing towards TF-1 although activated PBL are more affected than resting PBL. The analysis of AlPc intracellular emission by flow cytometry shows that the uptake of the dye by leukemia cells is faster. This good efficacy towards AML and the observed lower phototoxicity towards normal cells (PBL, normal progenitors) suggest that this phthalocyanine is a potential bone marrow purging agent.

Aluminum↗
PubMed1998

Current global status of carotid artery stent placement.

Our purpose was to review the current status of carotid artery stent placement throughout the world. Surveys were sent to major interventional centers in Europe, North and South America, and Asia. Information from peer-reviewed journals was also included and supplemented the survey. The survey asked various questions regarding the patients enrolled, procedure techniques, and results of carotid stenting, including complications and restenosis. Of the centers which were sent surveys, 24 responded. The total number of endovascular carotid stent procedures that have been performed worldwide to date included 2,048 cases, with a technical success of 98.6%. Complications that occurred during carotid stent placement or within a 30-day period following placement were recorded. Overall, there were 63 minor strokes, with a rate of occurrence of 3.08%. The total number of major strokes was 27, for a rate of 1.32%. There were 28 deaths within a 30-day postprocedure period, resulting in a mortality rate of 1.37%. Restenosis rates of carotid stenting have been 4.80% at 6 mo. Endovascular stent treatment of carotid artery atherosclerotic disease is growing as an alternative to vascular surgery, especially for patients that are at high risk for standard carotid endarterectomy. The periprocedural risks for major and minor strokes and death are generally acceptable at this early stage of development.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗
PubMed1998

Ovarian activity and plasma concentrations of progesterone and estradiol during pregnancy in jennies.

The objectives of this study were to determine ovarian activity (with ultrasound) and plasma concentrations of progesterone and estradiol during pregnancy in jennies. There was considerable ovarian activity during the second month of pregnancy. Secondary corpora lutea (total of 2 to 7 per jenny) were formed (mainly by luteinization) starting on Day 41.8 +/- 1.0 (range Days 38 to 46; ovulation = Day 0). The echogenicity of the primary and secondary corpora lutea gradually decreased during pregnancy. Plasma progesterone concentrations increased between Days 0 and 10 (0.9 and 19.9 ng/mL, respectively), gradually decreased to Day 30 (12.1 ng/mL), increased between Days 30 and 40 (plateau, at approximately 17 ng/mL), gradually declined from Days 110 to 160 (nadir of approximately 6 ng/mL), and remained nearly constant until increasing again just before parturition. Plasma estradiol concentrations increased gradually from Day 65, peaked (1.2 ng/mL) on Day 165 (> or = 1 ng/mL on Days 150 to 210), and decreased thereafter, with very low concentrations during the last 20 d before parturition. Ovarian function and hormone profiles were generally similar to those previously reported during pregnancy in mares.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Ultrasonographic evaluation of the conceptus from days 10 to 60 of pregnancy in jennies.

Daily ultrasound examinations were conducted from Days 10 to 60 (ovulation = Day 0) of pregnancy to monitor the conceptus in jennies (n = 12). The embryonic vesicle was first detected on Day 11.5 +/- 0.9 (mean +/- SD; range 10 to 13 d) and was mobile until movement ceased (fixation) on Day 15.5 +/- 1.4 (range, 13 to 18 d). The vesicle was spherical from Days 10 to 18 (mean growth rate, 3.2 mm/d), non spherical (irregular) with a reduced growth rate (0.5 mm/d) from Days 19 to 29, and then grew at a moderate rate (1.6 mm/d) up to Day 46. On average, detection of the embryo proper (consistently located on the ventral aspect of the yolk sac) and embryonic heartbeat were Days 20.7 +/- 1.2 and 23.5 +/- 1.3, respectively. Formation of the allantoic sac was first detected on Day 24.4 +/- 1.7 and was complete on Day 36.8 +/- 1.6. Descent of the fetus (and formation of the umbilical cord) began on Day 37.9 +/- 1.7 and was complete on Day 44.1 +/- 2.1. Crown-rump length averaged 3.7, 15.4, 22.7, 37.5 and 59.6 mm on Days 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60, respectively. In general, morphologic features and dates of occurrence were similar to those reported previously in the mare.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1998

Structural diversity of the voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel alpha1E-subunit.

Voltage-operated Ca2+ channels are heteromultimeric proteins. Their structural diversity is caused by several genes encoding homologous subunits and by alternative splicing of single transcripts. Isoforms of alpha1 subunits, which contain the ion conducting pore, have been deduced from each of the six cDNA sequences cloned so far from different species. The isoforms predicted for the alpha1E subunit are structurally related to the primary sequence of the amino terminus, the centre of the subunit (II-III loop), and the carboxy terminus. Mouse and human alpha1E transcripts have been analysed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and by sequencing of amplified fragments. For the II-III loop three different alpha1E cDNA fragments are amplified from mouse and human brain, showing that isoforms originally predicted from sequence alignment of different species are expressed in a single one. Both predicted alpha1E cDNA fragments of the carboxy terminus are identified in vivo. Two different alpha1E constructs, referring to the major structural difference in the carboxy terminus, were stably transfected in HEK293 cells. The biophysical properties of these cells were compared in order to evaluate the importance in vitro of the carboxy terminal insertion found in vivo. The wild-type alpha1E subunit showed properties, typical for a high-voltage activated Ca2+ channel. The deletion of 43 amino acid residues at the carboxy terminus does not cause significant differences in the current density and the basic biophysical properties. However, a functional difference is suggested, as in embryonic stem cells, differentiated in vitro to neuronal cells, the pattern of transcripts indicative for different alpha1E isoforms changes during development. In human cerebellum the longer alpha1E isoform is expressed predominantly. Although, it has not been possible to assign functional differences to the two alpha1E constructs tested in vitro, the expression pattern of the structurally related isoforms may have functional importance in vivo.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1998

RhoA-dependent phosphorylation and relocalization of ERM proteins into apical membrane/actin protrusions in fibroblasts.

The ERM proteins (ezrin, radixin, and moesin) are a group of band 4. 1-related proteins that are proposed to function as membrane/cytoskeletal linkers. Previous biochemical studies have implicated RhoA in regulating the association of ERM proteins with their membrane targets. However, the specific effect and mechanism of action of this regulation is unclear. We show that lysophosphatidic acid stimulation of serum-starved NIH3T3 cells resulted in relocalization of radixin into apical membrane/actin protrusions, which was blocked by inactivation of Rho by C3 transferase. An activated allele of RhoA, but not Rac or CDC42Hs, was sufficient to induce apical membrane/actin protrusions and localize radixin or moesin into these structures in both Rat1 and NIH3T3 cells. Lysophosphatidic acid treatment led to phosphorylation of radixin preceding its redistribution into apical protrusions. Significantly, cotransfection of RhoAV14 or C3 transferase with radixin and moesin revealed that RhoA activity is necessary and sufficient for their phosphorylation. These findings reveal a novel function of RhoA in reorganizing the apical actin cytoskeleton and suggest that this function may be mediated through phosphorylation of ERM proteins.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1998

Metabolic determinants are much more important than genetic polymorphisms in determining the PAI-1 activity and antigen plasma concentrations: a family study with part of the Stanislas Cohort.

Increased plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) concentration has been identified as a risk factor for coronary heart disease. We investigated the relative contribution of both metabolic factors involved in the insulin resistance (IR) syndrome and polymorphisms of the PAI-1 gene to plasma levels of PAI-1 in 228 healthy nuclear white families from the Stanislas Cohort. Variables related to IR included body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, fasting insulin, triglyceride, and HDL cholesterol. Five PAI-1 gene polymorphisms were studied, including a newly described G+12078A substitution in the 3' region. A sex difference was observed, with fathers exhibiting higher IR state and PAI-1 levels and stronger correlations between PAI-1 and IR variables than mothers. Such a difference was not observed in offspring. Family correlations were of similar magnitude for fibrinolytic parameters and IR variables. The PAI-1 genotypes A-844G, -675 4G/5G, and G+12078A polymorphisms, which were in strong linkage disequilibrium, were associated with plasma PAI-1 levels. In multivariate analysis, IR explained a major part of PAI-1 variability (49% in fathers, 29% in mothers), whereas polymorphisms had only a minor contribution, explaining 3% of variability in women and having no significant effect in men. We conclude that plasma levels of PAI-1 are, in a healthy population, primarily determined by the IR syndrome, this relationship being stronger in males. The contribution of the PAI-1 gene seems larger in females. These results deserve special attention for understanding the relationships observed between fibrinolytic parameters and the risk of developing a cardiovascular ischemic event.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Neutrophil adhesion molecule surface expression and responsiveness in cystic fibrosis.

The neutrophil-dominated inflammation of the lung in cystic fibrosis (CF) has traditionally been seen as a physiological response to continuous opportunistic infection. Recent studies suggest, however, that regulation of the inflammatory response itself may be altered in CF. Neutrophil migration from the bloodstream involves alterations in surface expression of the adhesion molecules L-selectin and Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18). The aim of this study was to assess neutrophil adhesion molecule expression and responsiveness in CF. Neutrophils from chronic (n = 16) and acutely infected (n = 13) CF patients and 15 normal control subjects were directly assessed by Fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis for surface expression of L-selectin and CD11b before and after stimulation with interleukin 8 (IL-8) or f-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP). Neutrophils from stable (n = 5) and acutely infected (n = 5) non-CF bronchiectasis patients were also assessed. Surface upregulation of CD11b was similar in all groups. Basal levels of L-selectin were also comparable among all groups, however, when stimulated, neutrophils from both stable and acutely infected CF patients shed significantly less L-selectin than those from control subjects (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). This decreased responsiveness was not observed in either stable or acutely infected non-CF bronchiectasis patients. These results add to the accumulating evidence suggestive of a defective inflammatory response in CF.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1998

The Hydrolyser thrombectomy catheter: a single-center experience.

PURPOSE: To present a single-center experience with a mechanical hydrodynamic thrombectomy system (Hydrolyser) in native arteries, veins, and bypass grafts. METHODS: The Hydrolyser is a 7F, double lumen, over-the-wire thrombectomy catheter. The device was used in 41 patients (22 males; mean age 68 years, range 40 to 90), with recent thromboses (aged 1 to 30 days, mean 8.7+/-8.5), measuring from 4 to 35 cm long (mean 17.7+/-9.5). The occlusions were located in native lower limb arteries (n = 28), bypass grafts (n = 8), superior venae cavae (n = 2), axillary vein (n = 1), and pulmonary arteries (n = 2). RESULTS: Immediate technical success (residual clot < 50% of lumen diameter) was achieved in 34 patients (83%): 22/28 native arteries (78%), 7/8 bypass grafts (87%), and all pulmonary arteries, superior venae cavae, and the axillary vein. The 7 failed patients were treated surgically (bypass graft or Fogarty balloon). Adjunctive procedureswere used to maximize luminal diameter: angioplasty (n = 29, with 13 immediate stent implantations), thromboaspiration (n = 17), and thrombolysis (n = 10). One case of distal embolism was the only complication (treated by thromboaspiration). At 30 days, 30 (73%) vessels remained patent. CONCLUSIONS: The Hydrolyser system is a promising concept for percutaneous thrombectomy. It is a quick, reliable, efficient device that may offer an alternative to thrombolysis and surgical thrombectomy.

Adult↗