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Biomedical subjects

M Henry

Publications and source records attributed to M Henry.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

A major human thyroglobulin epitope defined with monoclonal antibodies is mainly recognized by human autoantibodies.

The antigenic nature of 15 anti-human thyroglobulin (hTg) monoclonal antibody (mAb) epitopes was studied by two different approaches. First, we tested two successive protease-digest products of hTg. Only four mAb from the same cluster of reactivity recognized a low-molecular weight peptide, the other mAb only bound native hTg or high-molecular weight digest fractions. Second, these 15 mAb were used to immunoscreen hTg expression libraries. Only the same four mAb revealed immunoreactive clones corresponding to region 1149-1295 on the hTg primary sequence. After subcloning, this antigenic determinant was reduced to a 102-amino acid peptide (hTg region 1149-1250). The two different methodologies were coherent and complementary, and demonstrated that hTg sequence 1149-1250 is the target for this cluster of four mAb. Moreover, anti-hTg autoantibodies which cross-reacted with these mAb bound the 102-amino acid peptide. This epitope was the one most frequently detected by sera from autoimmune thyroid disease. The data confirm the presence of an immunodominant domain in the central part of the hTg molecule and suggest that this mAb epitope may be a powerful probe for the diagnosis of autoimmune thyroid disorders.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Improved ELISA for the detection of barley yellow dwarf virus in grasses.

BYDV, a phloem restricted luteovirus, occurs in very low concentration in grasses. Several modifications to the virus extraction procedure were tested for their effect on ELISA detection of BYDV from grasses. The most efficient grinding method was to dip plastic bags containing samples in liquid nitrogen prior to crushing with a hand roller. Overnight incubation of samples at 25 degrees C in 0.1 M citrate buffer, pH 6.0, or in 0.1 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, prior to testing increased the optical density (OD) obtained without increasing the background. However, the highest OD was obtained when celluclast was added to the incubation buffer. The end point for detection was in general one to two steps higher with incubation and one further step higher after adding enzyme to the incubation buffer.

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay↗
PubMed1992

High-resolution structure of an HIV-1 quasispecies: identification of novel coding sequences.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize an HIV-1 quasispecies in vivo at high resolution (1%) in order to determine its genetic structure. METHODS: The first coding exon of tat was amplified by polymerase chain reaction from uncultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells of an HIV-1-infected patient. The products were cloned into M13mp18 RF, and 106 clones were sequenced. RESULTS: Thirty-one different Tat protein variants were found. Amongst these, five major forms with frequencies of 44, 11, 8 and 5% were identified. All of the remaining 26 sequences were unique, 15 of which were defective. Within the variant spectrum a small number of genomes encoded novel open reading frames, for example, a tat-vpu fusion product. CONCLUSION: Some of the myriad proviruses present in an individual harbour novel coding sequences. While these are probably of little importance for AIDS pathogenesis they emphasize the ability of HIV to explore a huge range of genetic configurations.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Use of recombinant epitopes to study the heterogeneous nature of the autoantibodies against thyroid peroxidase in autoimmune thyroid disease.

Microsomal antigen is often recognized by the sera from patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). Human thyroid peroxidase (hTPO) is the main component of this antigen. In a previous study, we expressed hTPO cDNA as fusion proteins in prokaryotic vector; we thereby defined seven antigenic peptides by using two rabbit polyclonal anti-hTPO antibodies. In the present study we used the seven epitopes and three widened peptides to define the reactivity pattern of 61 sera from patients with AITD. Thirty-eight of them reacted against at least one of the seven hTPO-restricted epitopes; 14 were negative against the seven determinants but recognized one or two of the extended peptides. Thus, the antibody response against hTPO appeared to be highly heterogeneous in AITD patient sera. Moreover, we demonstrated that the immunodetection of the hTPO on Western blotting with deoxycholate solubilized microsomes can be perfectly correlated with the recognition of one of the epitopes in the region 554-735.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1992

Effect of ketanserin on proximal and distal coronary constrictor responses to intracoronary infusion of serotonin in patients with stable angina, patients with variant angina, and control patients.

BACKGROUND: Serotonin, released by aggregating platelets, may contribute to or cause myocardial ischemia by constricting epicardial vessels. Experimental studies suggest that this constriction is mediated by two distinct serotonin receptor subtypes: 5-hydroxytryptamine1-like (S1-like) and 5-hydroxytryptamine2 (S2). METHODS AND RESULTS: To determine the relative contribution of S1-like and S2 receptors to the vasoconstrictor effects of serotonin, we studied the effect of ketanserin (0.75 mg, intracoronary), a selective S2 receptor antagonist, on the constrictor response of human coronary vessels to intracoronary infusions of serotonin. In control patients (n = 7), serotonin (10(-4) mol/l) caused significant (p less than 0.05) constriction only in distal segments, which was significantly (p less than 0.05) inhibited by ketanserin. In stable angina patients (n = 8), serotonin (10(-4) mol/l) caused significant constriction in proximal (p less than 0.01) and distal (p less than 0.01) segments, which was significantly inhibited by ketanserin in proximal (p less than 0.05) but not distal (p = 0.30) segments. In patients with variant angina (n = 3), epicardial occlusion at the site of preexisting stenoses in proximal locations occurred at infused concentrations of 10(-6) (one patient) or 10(-5) (two patients) mol/l. The infusion of the same concentration of serotonin after ketanserin again caused epicardial occlusion. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that functionally important S1-like receptors that mediate vasoconstriction exist in the epicardial vessels of patients with stable or variant angina. Their activation, either at hyperreactive sites in patients with variant angina or in the distal epicardial vessels of patients with chronic stable angina, may contribute to or cause myocardial ischemia when serotonin is released after the intracoronary activation of platelets.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

LAV revisited: origins of the early HIV-1 isolates from Institut Pasteur.

Two of the first human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) strains isolated were authenticated by reanalyzing original cultured samples stored at the Collection Nationale de Culture des Microorganismes as well as uncultured primary material. Cloned polymerase chain reaction products were used to analyze coding sequences of the V3 loop in the gp120 glycoprotein. The original isolate HIV-1 Bru, formerly called LAV, was derived from patient BRU. HIV-1 Lai was derived from patient LAI and contaminated a HIV-1 Bru culture between 20 July and 3 August 1983. The culture became, in effect, HIV-1 Lai, identifiable by a unique motif in the V3 loop. Because of this contamination two, rather than one, HIV-1 isolates were sent to the Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology at the National Cancer Institute on 23 September 1983. Original HIV-1 Bru was indeed present in the sample marked JBB/LAV. However the M2T-/B sample harbored HIV-1 Lai, a strain capable of growing on established cell lines. The striking similarity between HIV-1 Lai (formerly LAV-Bru) and HTLV-3B sequences remains.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMed1991

Production of rat Spot14 protein in Escherichia coli.

Hormonal, nutritional and developmental factors modulate, in rat lipogenic tissues, the transcription of the mRNA coding for a protein of unknown function, called Spot14 (S14). The corresponding protein has never been purified from tissues. In this paper, we describe the production of S14 in Escherichia coli. In the absence of available antibodies (Ab) directed against S14 protein, our strategy was to produce this protein by constructing two different recombinant expression vectors. The first recombinant plasmid produced a S14::protein A fusion which was easily purified and then rabbit Ab could be raised against it. The second expression vector directly produced S14. This expression was demonstrated by specific binding of polyclonal Ab directed against the fusion protein. These Ab also recognized a rat-liver protein sharing characteristics of S14.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Surgical treatment of sacral fracture in a horse.

An 8-year-old Arabian stallion had signs of severe tailhead pruritus and slowly progressive loss of tail tone for 3 months. Palpation per rectum and radiography of the sacrocaudal region revealed a transverse, ventrally displaced fracture of the caudal portion of the sacrum. Surgical decompression and tail amputation resulted in complete recovery of athletic and reproductive function. Evidence of cauda equina neuritis was not seen on histologic examination of nerve roots obtained at surgery.

Amputation, Surgical↗
PubMed1991

Epitope mapping of human thyroglobulin reveals a central immunodominant region.

Thyroglobulin is the thyroid hormone precursor and the major antigen frequently involved in autoimmune diseases. The primary structure of human thyroglobulin is known but the spatial structure remains largely undetermined. By using fusion protein produced in prokaryotic system we have characterized seven short immunoreactive peptides carrying at least one epitope. None of them includes hormonogenic sites, but five are concentrated in the central part of the monomeric molecule, which thus emerges as the major immunogenic region of this protein.

Epitopes↗
PubMed1991

The anti-diabetogenic effect of essential fatty acid deficiency in multiple low-dose streptozotocin-treated mice persists if essential fatty acid repletion occurs outside of a brief window of susceptibility.

We have previously shown that essential fatty acid deficiency prevents diabetes mellitus and ameliorates insulitis in multiple low-dose streptozotocin-treated male CD-1 mice and that repletion with 99% pure methyl linoleate 3 days after the last injection causes diabetes. In the present study, we examined whether repletion of low-dose streptozotocin-treated deficient mice will cause diabetes whenever repletion occurs. Essential fatty acid deficiency was induced by dietary manipulation and was confirmed biochemically. Groups of deficient mice were repleted 6 h, 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 8 weeks after the last low-dose streptozotocin treatment; the incidence of diabetes (i.e., non-fasting plasma glucose levels greater than 11.2 mmol/l) and group mean plasma glucose levels were 93% (19.4 mmol/l), 37% (14.8 mmol/l), 40% (13.7 mmol/l), 20% (9.0 mmol/l), and 8% (7.8 mmol/l) respectively. The incidence and mean glucose levels for low-dose streptozotocin-induced control chow-fed and non-repleted essential fatty acid deficient CD-1 mice were 100% (30.2 mmol/l) and 0% (4.2 mmol/l). The incidence and severity of insulitis also decreased with increasing repletion intervals. These results demonstrate a brief window of susceptibility of less than 8 weeks duration during which repletion will initiate an autoimmune response directed at low-dose streptozotocin-induced Beta-cell neoantigens in low-dose streptozotocin-treated essential fatty acid deficient mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Anti-human thyroid peroxidase and anti-human thyroglobulin antibodies present no cross-reactivity on recombinant peptides.

Thyroglobulin (Tg) and thyroid peroxidase (TPO) are two antigens largely recognized by the sera from patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). Recently, the complete mapping of both antigens was established with rabbit polyclonal antibodies by the use of recombinant proteins expressed in prokaryotic vector. Several investigators have argued for the existence of a cross-reactivity of some hetero- and autologous antibodies versus these two proteins. In the present study, using rabbit polyclonal antibody, mouse polyclonal antibody and autoimmune antibody (aAb), we observed no common epitope on human Tg (hTg) and human TPO (hTPO).

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Pasture mating behaviour of donkeys (Equus asinus) at natural and induced oestrus.

The mating behaviour of 2 jacks, each with 21 non-pregnant jennies, was studied when the jennies were in natural oestrus and simultaneously induced oestrus. The main observations were: efficient pasture breeding at natural and induced oestrus, a territorial sociosexual structure, prolonged pre-copulatory interaction, gradual increase of mating activity up to 2 days before ovulation, a copulatory sequence similar to that of horses, vocalization of the jack as a conspicuous behaviour initiating pre-copulatory interaction, frequent heterotypical behaviour of jennies and active involvement of jennies in initiating pre-copulatory interaction.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed1991

[Celioscopy with peridural anesthesia. Techniques, indications, results in 220 cases].

The authors used epidural anaesthesia to carry out laparoscopy in 220 patients. The chief indications for the laparoscopies were GIFT (intratubal transfer of gametes) and tubal sterilization. The technique used was slightly different according to the indications for the use but they had to be sure of anaesthetising up to T4. In 90% of cases the patients tolerated the procedure well. No change in ventilation or in metabolic measurements. As far as fertilization was concerned studies carried out in various parameters failed to show any untoward side effects due to the use of local anaesthetics. Finally so long as the anaesthesia is only used for a short length of time this technique seems to be suitable for day cases.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1991

[Heart transplantations: impact on female fertility].

Improvements in the management of patients with cardiac transplantation make it possible for these patients in the child-bearing age to expect a pregnancy. In fact, since 1987, several cases of pregnancy after cardiac transplantation have been reported. We report here two cases of successful pregnancy two years after cardiac transplantation. First Case. Pregnancy was uneventful until 36 weeks of gestation with no evidence of transplant rejection. At 38 weeks of gestation, a cesarean section was performed for increasing blood pressure, cholestatic pruritus and cephalopelvic disproportion. Cesarean section was performed under regional anesthesia and a healthy baby boy of 2680 gr was delivered. The patient was discharged one week after. Eighteen months after, both the mother and the baby are in good condition. Second case. Pregnancy was complicated by severe maternal anemia and fetal hypotrophia. Because of increasing renal insufficiency and pre eclampsia, a cesarean section was performed under regional anesthesia at 36 weeks of gestation. Delivery of a healthy baby girl of 1700 g. Five other cases have been reported. Cesarean section performed in september 1984 for a patient who underwent cardiac transplantation in 1980. Delivery of a healthy baby of 3280 gr. Death of the mother five months after following heart transplant rejection. Vaginal delivery performed in august 1986 for a patient who underwent cardiac transplantation in 1984. Delivery of a preterm baby at 31 weeks of gestation who survived without any sequelae. Vaginal delivery performed in august 1987 for a patient who underwent cardiac transplantation in april 1985. Delivery of a healthy baby of 2550 gr at 38 weeks of gestation. Vaginal delivery of twins (baby girl of 1200 and 1100 gr) in april 1988 of a patient who underwent cardiac transplantation in 1986. Vaginal delivery at 38 weeks of gestation performed in november 1990 for a patient who underwent cardiac transplantation in 1986. All the cases reported showed that: The foetus is not affected by the immuno-suppressive treatment of the mother. This was already known for pregnant patients with renal transplant. The cardiovascular changes associated with pregnancy are well tolerated by the heart transplant. Preexisting hypertension is increased, particularly during the third trimester of pregnancy and during labour. The incidence of preterm labor is increased in patients with heart transplant. Transplant rejection never occurred during pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Epitope mapping of human thyroglobulin. Heterogeneous recognition by thyroid pathologic sera.

Thyroglobulin is the major Ag of the thyroid gland involved in autoimmune pathologies. Epitope mapping was carried out with a rabbit polyclonal immune serum against fusion proteins expressed in prokaryotic cells. After screening of an initial human thyroglobulin cDNA library and subcloning of immunoreactive clones, seven epitopes were characterized and localized on the human thyroglobulin monomeric molecule. One was close to each extremity of the molecule, and five others were concentrated in the middle, covering a sixth of this 2748-amino-acid chain. The immunoreactivities of 18 autoimmune sera from different thyroid pathologies were tested against the seven previously characterized epitopes. Those from Hashimoto's thyroiditis were the most immunoreactive. Immune responses were heterogeneous for sera from different pathologies as well as for those from the same pathology. The central epitopes and the near-C-terminal epitope, however, were the epitopes most often recognized by the immune sera. These findings show that some autoepitopes overlap accurately with some heteroepitopes characterized by a polyclonal immune serum directed against the mature protein.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

[Palmaz's vascular intraluminal stent. Preliminary results].

Palmaz's stent is a fenestrated, expansible metallic stent with an apparently small tendency to thrombogenesis, so that anticoagulants are necessary only during the preintimalization period. This stent has recently been introduced in human pathology and has been used in this study for percutaneous or surgical correction of residual or recurrent post-angioplasty lesions. The development, theoretical indications and preliminary results obtained with the insertion of 25 Palmaz's stents into peripheral arteries are presented.

Aged↗