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Biomedical subjects

M Held

Publications and source records attributed to M Held.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Direct pulsed field gel electrophoresis of Wilms' tumors shows that DNA deletions in 11p13 are rare.

In order to search for small tumor-specific deletions in 11p13 we analysed DNA isolated from 30 fresh Wilms' tumor (WT) samples with pulsed field gel electrophoresis. For these studies we have isolated new probes from the ends of several Notl fragments. Using these and previously described probes from 11p13 we first completed and extended the existing map of the 11p13 region. The analysis of the tumor material showed that (I) tumor-specific deletions were very rare: one homozygous deletion out of 30 tumors analysed, (2) hemizygous deletions were not observed in any of the tumors. The homozygous deletion in one patient spans 220 kb and is composed of a tumor-specific translocation associated with a deletion on one chromosome and a deletion of about 220 kb on the other chromosome at the same site. The WT-33 Wilms' tumor candidate gene maps to this deleted segment. A small constitutional deletion of 1,300 kb was identified in a patient with WT and genital tract malformations. These results suggest that in the majority of sporadic WT loss of gene function is due to subtle alterations in the gene, e.g., point mutations or very small deletions.

Alleles↗
PubMed1990

Low-pigment skin type and predisposition for development of type I diabetes.

To ascertain whether skin pigmentation type and sensitivity to ultraviolet (UV) light are associated with susceptibility to type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes, 55 type I diabetic patients were examined, 38 new-onset and 17 long-term cases. They were compared to 72 control subjects of the same geographic region and nationality. To evaluate the individual skin pigmentation type, a standardized questionnaire was developed. Reactivity to UV light was determined by a stepwise-graded UV irradiation. Significantly more diabetic patients in southern Germany had blue eyes than nondiabetic control subjects (55 vs. 26%, P less than 0.01), and significantly more diabetic patients had a low-pigment eye color (blue or green) than control subjects (66 vs. 38%, P less than 0.01). In addition, more fair skin color was noted among diabetic versus control subjects (84 vs. 60%, P less than 0.01). In response to UV irradiation, diabetic patients more often showed an increased UV-light sensitivity than control subjects (83 vs. 23%, P less than 0.001). The relative risk for susceptibility to type I diabetes in subjects with low-pigment eye color was 3.1, in subjects with fair skin type 3.4, and in subjects with increased UV-light sensitivity 5.8. The highest risk for the development of diabetes was seen in subjects who had low-pigment eye color and/or increased UV-light sensitivity (95 vs. 51%, P = 0.00002, odds ratio 17.4). We conclude that a low-pigment skin type may predispose for the development of type I diabetes.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Root fracture--after a traumatic insult 16 years ago. Case report].

It is presented the recovery of an intra-alveolar transverse fracture in the mean third of the root at 11, the right upper incisor, of a 36 years old patient clinically and radiologically. The tooth is still in full function after a traumatic insult 16 years ago. The immediate application of an acrylate splint covering the crowns is considered the best suited means of therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Flow-cytometric detection of human anti-rat insulinoma antibodies in relation to anti-human islet cell and anti-insulin antibodies. Recognition of distinct antigens by antibodies in early type I diabetes.

Flow cytometry was recently introduced for the detection of antibodies in human serum to a cultured insulin-secreting rat insulinoma cell line (RINm5F) to investigate humoral immune reactivity in newly diagnosed type I (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients. Fifty-three patients were observed for 6-20 mo after clinical onset of diabetes with a reported duration of symptoms of less than 6 wk. Human anti-RINm5F antibodies were detected in 28%, human anti-islet cell antibodies in 62%, and anti-insulin autoantibodies in 36% of patients before initiation of insulin therapy. Occurrence of human anti-RINm5F antibodies at this stage was correlated with human anti-insulin autoantibodies rather than with the formation of anti-islet cell antibodies. Incidence of anti-RINm5F antibodies in individuals with duration of diabetes greater than 6 wk was 38%, whereas human anti-islet cell antibodies and anti-insulin antibodies became detectable in 72 and 61% of the patients, respectively. These findings are in line with previous reports of immunoprecipitation by human diabetic serums of a 64,000-Mr antigenic structure in freshly prepared rat islet cells. The results suggest a reactivity of distinct classes of antibodies in serums of patients with type I diabetes to disparate antigens on human islet cells and cloned rat insulinoma cells and, moreover, reactivity to insulin as the secreted product. Further characterization of the reacting RINm5F antigens and prospective studies in subjects at risk for diabetes are required to validate the application of RIN cells to the investigation of immune mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of human type I diabetes.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1988

[Virus-specific antibody profile in various stages of HIV-1 infection. Western blot analysis of 170 patients].

The western blot analysis of 170 patients with HIV-1-infection demonstrated that 47% of the patients in latent stage, 58% of the patients with lymphadenopathy-syndrome and only 25% of the patients with the full-blown picture of AIDS showed the complete pattern of HIV-specific antibody response. This antibody response is mainly directed against the env-encoded envelope proteins gp160, gp120 and gp41, against the gag-encoded core proteins p55, p24 and p17 as well as against the pol-encoded enzymatic proteins p66, p51 and p31. Antibodies against gp160 and gp120 were present in nearly all patients, whereas the prevalence of the other antibodies decreased with the stage of the disease. Statistical significant differences were found particularly between patients with LAS or AIDS respectively. Antibodies against p17 were detected in 74% of the patients with LAS but only in 25% of the patients with AIDS. The lack of antibodies against p17, p24 or p51 was significantly associated with lower mean CD4/CD8-ratios (p less than 0.007) and higher mean serum levels of IgA (p less than 0.001) and beta-2-microglobulin (p less than 0.001). One third of the patients with LAS and this reduced pattern of antibody response developed AIDS within six months. These results demonstrate that the detection of antibodies against p17, p24 or p51 is of prognostic importance. A serological profile which lacks the antibody response against at least two of those three viral antigens indicates a progression of the disease activity.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1984

A comprehensive treatment program for severely impaired geriatric patients.

Many elderly patients have psychiatric and medical needs that are not met by the traditional care offered at state hospitals, acute psychiatric services, or nursing homes. At Garfield Geropsychiatric Hospital, a program of intensive evaluation and multidisciplinary treatment that emphasizes rehabilitation has been successful in maintaining or restoring independent functioning for severely impaired geriatric patients. The program also benefits the mental health system by reducing the inappropriate use of state hospital and acute psychiatric services, and by providing a first important step toward a comprehensive network of mental health services for the elderly.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

[Interactions of phenylbutazone and oxyphenbutazone with glymidine (author's transl)].

In healthy subjects plasma concentrations of 2-benzenesulfonylamino-4-(beta-methoxy-ethoxy)pyrimidine (glymidine) are considerably elevated during ingestion of 600 mg oxyphenbutazone additionally to 500 mg glymidine per day. In contrast phenylbutazone has only a slight and not significant effect on the glymidine plasma concentrations. In vitro equilibrium dialysis experiments show a decrease of serum protein binding of glymidine after the addition of phenylbutazone and oxyphenbutazone. The increase of the glymidine plasma concentrations together with the decrease of serum protein binding is predestined to lead to an increased pharmacodynamic effect of the drug.

Dialysis↗
PubMed1979

[The use of composites (with referenceto their technological and clinical properties)].

In the present paper the authors report of the pulp tolerance, marginal adaptation, abrasive behaviour and discolouration of composites. Starting from these properties, they deal with indications, cavity preparation, pulp protection, enamel etching, processing and finishing. Finally, the composites are evaluated with reference to recent findings.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMed1979

A group behavior modification approach to adolescent obesity.

This article describes a group weight control project with severely obese adolescent girls in a medical setting. Behavior modification and nutritional principles were utilized with peer group interaction. Significant others were included through separate group meetings. This approach produced small amounts of net weight loss for the girls. The drop-outs continued to have a net gain. As a treatment method, this program was more effective for these girls than previous individual clinic contacts had been. When losing weight, the girls tended to use behavior modification techniques more often, and their diets became more adequate nutritionally. Development of group cohesion was tenuous and temporary. Girls who were functioning more independently appeared to do better in weight loss. Disinterested significant others were preferable to nonsupportive ones. A predictive factor was identified, the girls' perception of control. This was measured by the I-E test. Those with a more internalized perception of control were more likely to continue with the program and more likely to lose weight. Because the patient group was small, findings are tentative. However, this program helped to define particular areas that deserve further exploration.

Adolescent↗