Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Hayashida

Publications and source records attributed to M Hayashida.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Survivin promotes cell proliferation in human hepatocellular carcinoma.

Survivin is a recently described inhibitor of apoptosis. Because suppression of apoptosis is important for carcinogenesis and tumor growth, we investigated the expression and function of survivin in human hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). We have shown that 4 HCC cell lines and 7 out of 8 human HCC tissues expressed survivin messenger RNA (mRNA), whereas expression of survivin mRNA was not detected in normal liver and nontumor areas of these tissues using the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Survivin was detected primarily in the nucleus by immunofluorescence staining of HCC cells. In addition, 14 of 20 (70%) HCC tissues showed positive nuclear staining for survivin, whereas nontumor tissues showed little detectable staining by immunohistochemistry. Survivin expression strongly correlated with the proliferation index but not significantly with the apoptosis index in HCC tissues. Therefore, we performed cell cycle analysis after survivin transfection and showed that overexpression of survivin resulted in a decrease in the G(0)/G(1) phase and an increase in the S phase in all 4 HCC cell lines. Furthermore, we have found that survivin interacted with cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (Cdk4) and overexpression of survivin released p21(WAF1/Cip1) (p21) from Cdk4. From these results, we conclude that survivin promotes cell proliferation by interacting with Cdk4 and releasing p21 from Cdk4. This may play an important role in carcinogenesis and progression of human HCCs.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed2000

Hepatocyte growth factor promotes cell survival from fas-mediated cell death in hepatocellular carcinoma cells via Akt activation and Fas-death-inducing signaling complex suppression.

The Akt/PI-3 kinase pathway is a system essential for cell survival. In the current study, we showed that hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) activates the Akt/PI-3 kinase pathway to suppress Fas-mediated cell death in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC; 3 lines; SK-Hep1, HLE, and Chang Liver cell lines), hepatoblastoma (1 line; HepG2), and embryonic hepatocyte (1 line; WRL). Five tested cell lines showed the resistance to Fas-mediated cell death by the pretreatment of HGF. This HGF-induced cell survival was suppressed by wortmannin (Akt/PI-3 kinase pathway inhibitor), suggesting an involvement of Akt. When cells were pretreated with HGF, Fas-mediated cell death was suppressed, followed by Akt phosphorylation at Ser473. Fas-death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) formation, especially FADD and caspase 8 interaction, was suppressed by HGF and the suppression of the Akt/PI-3 kinase pathway by transient expression of PTEN, resulting in acquisition of Fas-DISC formation and Fas-mediated cell death in HGF-treated cells. We suggest that HGF promotes cell survival in hepatocyte-derived cell lines (HCC, hepatoblastoma, and embryonic hepatocyte) from Fas-mediated cell death via Fas-DISC suppression as a result of Akt activation.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed2000

Effects of amrinone on ischaemia-reperfusion injury in cirrhotic patients undergoing hepatectomy: a comparative study with prostaglandin E1.

The effects of amrinone, a selective phosphodiesterase III inhibitor, on liver ischaemia reperfusion injury have not yet been clarified. Forty-five patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent partial liver resection using Pringle's manoeuvre were studied. Patients were divided into three groups: those given amrinone, those given prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) and those not treated (controls). An indocyanine green (ICG) clearance test was performed before the operation and three times during surgery: just before induction of liver ischaemia, just after liver resection and 60 min after reperfusion. Blood lactate and base excess were measured at the same times. Systolic and diastolic arterial pressure, heart rate, cardiac index and oesophageal temperature were monitored. Aminotransferase levels were recorded the day before surgery, 1 h after operation and on the first and third postoperative days. These data were compared between groups. The ICG elimination rate, lactate and base excess in the amrinone group differed significantly from those in controls during the observation period (P = 0.03, P = 0.04 and P = 0.03, respectively). The differences between the PGE1 and control groups were not significant. There were no significant differences between the groups in perioperative vital signs, cardiac index or postoperative aminotransferase. Amrinone enhanced intraoperative ICG elimination in cirrhotic patients who underwent liver resection.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[The effect of prophylactic nicorandil infusion to reduce intraoperative myocardial ischemia during abdominal surgery in patients with risk factors of ischemic heart disease].

Three hundred patients who had undergone abdominal surgery with risk factors of ischemic heart disease (IHD), such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, smoking, advanced age, obesity, familial history, electrocardiographic abnormality, other perivascular disease, and male, were included in this study. Patients older than forty years were included in the study. They were divided into two groups for a randomized double blind trial: nicorandil was administered in one group (group N) and placebo in another (group C), and we investigated the effect of prophylactic nicorandil infusion to reduce intraoperative myocardial ischemia. ST segment in leads II and Vs was recorded by ST trend monitor from the time of patient's entering the operating room to the time to exit. Intraoperative myocardial ischemia occurred in 11 patients in group N and in 32 patients in group C (P < 0.0001). Prophylactic nicorandil infusion was effective to reduce intraoperative myocardial ischemia in patients with risk factors of IHD during abdominal surgery.

Abdomen↗
PubMed2000

[Myocardial ischemia score as a preoperative screening method for intraoperative myocardial ischemia].

Three hundred patients for abdominal surgery with risk factors of ischemic heart disease (IHD), such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, smoking, old age, obesity, familial history, electrocardiographic abnormality, other perivascular diseases and male, were included in this study. Patients older than forty years were included in the study. ST segment in lead II and V5 was recorded by ST trend monitor from the time of entering the operating room to the time of exit and intraoperative myocardial ischemia occurred in 58 patients (19.3%). Correlation coefficients between each risk factor of IHD and intraoperative myocardial ischemia were calculated by multiple regression analysis and myocardial ischemia score (MIS) was determined. Intraoperative myocardial ischemia increased in patients with more than 10 points of MIS by discriminant analysis and hitting ratio of MIS was 86.3%.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[Changes in professional practice of nurses at a teaching hospital in the inner Sao Paulo, as a result of the emergence of HIV/AIDS].

This investigation was conducted with the purpose of identifying the changes in the professional practice of nurses at a public teaching hospital as a result of the arrival of HIV/AIDS. Through interviews with 100 nurses it was found that 76 (76%) referred changes in their professional practice. Of these, 52 (68.4%) referred to the use of garments; 17 (22.3%) to continuing education; and 7 (9.2%) to nursing care. Of a total of 76 reasons presented by the nurses, 46 (60.5%) were related to fear of becoming infected; and 30 (39.5%) related to nursing care. The study revealed that the advent of HIV/AIDS has risen various changes in practical activities of nurses, especially in those related to garments, having as the main concern the fear of becoming infected. Continuing education programs that aim not only to identify the causes that determine low adherence to standard precaution measures and undesirable behavior as well as biosafety surveillance are needed.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1999

[Preventive measures against AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases known by students in the health field].

This study was carried out in to identify the preventive measures against Aids and other Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) that undergraduate health students predominantly know and to identify if there is a significant difference among the measures mentioned, considering the sex of subjects studied. A questionnaire was answered by health undergraduate students randomly selected. The results show that most of the items mentioned as preventive for Aids and other STD are important measures for their prevention. However, when data are analysed considering the frequency, that is the number of students that mentioned correct measures, we can observe that it is less than it was expected, what is very worrying. Another point observed in the results is that, there was no statistical difference, according to the sex of subjects studied. Data analysis evidence that knowledge of most undergraduate students is not enough, reinforcing the need to implement continuous specific educational actions.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1999

[Latent factors aggravating airway allergic symptom in urban population: the involvement of urban living environments].

The involvement of urban living environments in IgE-increase (atopy) and ECP-increase (enhanced eosinophil activity), the inter-relationship of IgE-increase and ECP-increase, and their involvement in developing airway allergic symptoms were studied on a population of adult nonsmoking women, in order to elucidate the latent factors aggravating airway allergic symptoms in an urban population. In our earlier study on child asthma in 1994, we examined the relationship between living environments and mite proliferation in asthma and non-asthma groups and the involvement of mite proliferation in developing atopy in the non-asthma group. The asthma group consisted of 190 children under 12 years old who had been recently diagnosed as having bronchial asthma and under the care of Osaka Prefectural Habikino Hospital. The non-asthma group consisted of 78 children under 12 years old who had been under care at Osaka Prefectural Hospital but had no present history of allergic symptom. The adult woman group consisted of 423 non-smoking women who had been diagnosed as having no allergic disease by the medical examination done at Yao City, Osaka, each March from 1995 to 1997. Individual living environments such as housing and heating styles were surveyed by questionnaire. Also, the amount of mite allergen (Dp: Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Df: Dermatophagoides farinae) in room and bedding dust (only in the case of children) and the concentration of continine in urine were examined as objective indicators for the load of environmental allergen and the indoor air pollution by tobacco smoke, respectively. Atopy was diagnosed according to whether Dp-specific immunoglobulin E (Dp-IgE) was present/absent (positive/negative), and ECP-increase was defined as serum ECP concentration over 10 ng/ml. The results were as follows: 1. An environment of higher humidity (dampness) causing a room to become moldy appeared to enhance mite proliferation, while heating only with an electric heater or kotatsu appeared to suppress it. 2. Living environments were involved in the development of atopy in children and adult women through the effects on mite proliferation. In the case of children, heating with oil or gas heater appeared to have a positive effect while reinforced concrete housing a negative effect, probably by effects on the immune system. However, in the case of adult women, such modification was not observed. 3. Passive smoking in adult women was related to ECP-increase. 4. IgE-increase and ECP-increase appeared to be involved in each other. 5. Among airway allergic symptoms such as cough, sputum and wheeze, atopy was involved in wheeze, and ECP-increase in cough.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Algorithm for the treatment of acute psychotic episodes.

Most acute psychotic episodes are regarded as indicators of schizophrenia. We developed an algorithm for the treatment of such episodes. In Japan, psychiatrists tend to prescribe two or more neuroleptics at once, but it is thought that using a single neuroleptic is better, and the algorithm we report is based on this view. Since there are few reports on how to choose and use a single neuroleptic in Japan, our method is simply an example, with insufficient scientific support. It will need to be revised in future.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1998

Solid phase micro extraction coupled with semi-microcolumn high performance liquid chromatography for the analysis of benzodiazepines in human urine.

SPME/semi-microcolumn HPLC (SPME/LC) was investigated to analyze benzodiazepines in human urine samples. SPME conditions such as extraction time, extraction temperature, salt concentration and pH of matrix, flush volume and desorption time were optimized by extracting various drugs from a prepared water matrix. Combination of adding saturated salts to the matrix and controlling pH ranged from neutral to weakly alkaline conditions makes the increase of extraction efficiency. Under optimal condition SPME/LC is more sensitive than direct HPLC analysis without the SPME process. The limits of detection (LODs) was several ppb level and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was < 15% when human urine samples were analyzed by this analytical system. The system is very useful and is enough to assay benzodiazepines in a human urine sample without tedious and complex analytical procedures. In this paper the applicability of SPME/LC to the analysis of benzodiazepines in human urine samples was reported. In addition, the extension to the evaluation of SPME/LC/MS system was also described.

Benzodiazepines↗
PubMed1998

Hypertrophic cranial pachymeningitis in a patient with aplastic anemia.

We report on a 13-year old girl with severe aplastic anemia and hypertrophic cranial pachymeningitis. She was admitted to our hospital with severe headache and vomiting. A computerized tomographic (CT) scan of the brain on the third day of symptoms showed a hyperdense area in the tentorial region. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed iso-intensity in the same tentorial region in T1- and T2-weighted images, and gadolinium enhancement of this region suggested a thickened dura mater. Initially, a diagnosis of subdural or subarachnoid hemorrhage was made. Since her platelet count was low (3000/microl) making the patient a poor-risk candidate for surgery, and the area was limited to the dura mater, conservative therapy, including glycerol administration and platelet transfusion, was carried out. Despite clinical improvement 10 days after admission without specific therapy, the iso-intense region on the left side of the tentorial region remained unchanged on MRI. On the other hand, the iso-intense area on the right side of the tentorial region became hyperdense on T1-weighted MRI images and was also enhanced by gadolinium. Cerebrospinal fluid findings were normal except for slightly elevated protein at 62 mg/dl. A diagnosis of hypertrophic cranial pachymeningitis of the tentorial dura mater with hemorrhage on the right side was made. Although hypertrophic cranial pachymeningitis is a rare disease, it must be considered in the differential diagnosis of severe headache in a case of aplastic anemia.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1998

Genetic and epidemiological research at the National Institute on Alcoholism, Kurihama National Hospital.

The National Institute on Alcoholism, Kurihama National Hospital, Japan, was designated as a WHO Collaborating Center on Research and Training of alcohol-related problems in 1988. As part of the collaboration and contribution to the WHO, the institute has made significant efforts for the advancement of alcohol research. This article summarizes recent research activities at the institute, focusing on two areas of research: epidemiological and genetic studies.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMed1998

[Fluid volume deficit: profile of defining characteristics in patients with burns].

The present study aimed at describing the profile of defining characteristics in patients with the nursing diagnosis "Fluid volume deficit" related to active loss of fluid secondary to burns. Data were collected by means of a tool, containing 29 possible defining characteristics of this diagnosis. Seven nurses, that worked at the Burnt Unit for at least five years ago, provided opinions about the degree to which each defining characteristic is indicative of this diagnosis. Nurses rated each defining characteristic of diagnosis being tested on a scale of zero to one. The results confirmed all, except one (increased body temperature) defining characteristics presented by NANDA for this diagnosis and indicated 10 new defining characteristics.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1998

[Relationship between cardiac output and PETco2 as well as Paco2 during high-dose fentanyl anesthesia].

We investigated the relationship between cardiac output and PETCO2 as well as blood PCO2 in 10 patients undergoing cardiac surgery of long duration under high-dose fentanyl anesthesia. After anesthetic induction, the minute ventilation was kept constant at 10 ml.kg-1 x 10 cycles.min-1 and a pulmonary artery catheter was inserted. PETCO2, PaCO2 and cardiac index (CI) were measured simultaneously. PaCO2 was corrected for body temperature, and alveolar dead space-to-tidal volume ratio was calculated as VD/VTalv = (PaCO2-PETCO2)/PaCO2. After body, temperature became stabilized, the measurements were started and repeated every 10 to 20 minutes during the prebypass period. One hundred and eight sets of data were taken from 10 patients. PETCO2 correlated positively with CI. Similarly, PaCO2 correlated positively with CI, but VD/VTalv, did not correlate with CI. PETCO2 correlated closely and positively with PaCO2, but it correlated negatively and only marginally with VD/VTalv. When examined in individual patients, PaCO2 correlated positively with PETCO2 in all patients, while VD/VTalv correlated negatively with PETCO2 only in 3 patients. By multiple regression analysis, VD/VTalv change accounted for only 22.3 +/- 15.0% of PETCO2 change, while PACO2 or PaCO2 change accounted for 77.6 +/- 15.0% of PETCO2 change. Decreased CI was associated with decreased CO2 delivery from the tissue to the lung (DCO2) and PaCO2 decreased with decreasing DCO2. Decreased CI was also associated with decreased oxygen uptake (VO2), and PaCO2 decreased with decreasing VO2. A decrease in CI resulted in an increase in VA/Q, and PaCO2 decreased when VA/Q increased. PETCO2 decreased when cardiac output decreased. A decrease in PACO2 explained the decrease in PETCO2 better than an increase in VD/VT did. Decreased cardiac output might cause hypocapnia through decreased CO2 delivery to the lung, decreased CO2 production and/or increased ventilation-to-perfusion ratio.

Adult↗