Biomedical subjects

M Hausman

Publications and source records attributed to M Hausman.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1989

Microvascular applications in limb sparing tumor surgery.

New techniques in microvascular tissue transfer make it possible to "add" bone, muscle, and skin to deficient areas and to maintain and restore function. Clearly, a price is paid, but careful evaluation and judicious weighing of the costs and benefits can vastly expand our reconstructive capabilities. Furthermore, as our knowledge of microvascular anatomy expands, new donor sites with particular attributes and less donor site morbidity are constantly being described. The profusion of new procedures and techniques over the last decade is, perhaps, unparalleled in any surgical specialty. Such techniques not only extend our definitions of what is "salvageable," but also refine our conception of what is functionally or cosmetically acceptable. This enables us not only to extend the indications for limb sparing surgery, but also to move beyond merely "salvaging" extremities to reconstructing functional, cosmetically appealing limbs. These are, to be sure, arduous, complicated cases requiring considerable planning and commitment on the part of the surgeon and the patient, but a successful outcome is extremely gratifying to both parties.

Arm↗

PubMed1988

Permanent post-traumatic patellar dislocation.

Permanent post-traumatic dislocation of the patella is an extremely rare condition, and is often confused with congenital dislocation. The anatomic abnormalities differ in the two conditions: in the former there is an adaptive flattening of the patella, in the latter there is a propensity for flexion contractures and incongruity of the patella and trochlea. Treatment options include observation, patellar realignment, and patellectomy. In the patient reported, surgical correction appeared to result in patellar alignment.

Accidental Falls↗

PubMed1985

Chemotherapy-induced alterations in the biomechanics of rat bone.

The effects of methotrexate and doxorubicin (Adriamycin) on intact and fractured bone were studied in a rat model. Methotrexate, 0.1 mg/kg i.p., was administered five times a week, or doxorubicin, 1 mg/kg i.v., was given once a week. Animals were killed and evaluated at 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks after surgical production of a unilateral femoral osteotomy and initiation of the chemotherapeutic program. Both intact and fractured bones were tested to failure in rapid torsion, and the torque, angular deformation, stiffness, and energy were measured. There was a significant alteration in the strength of the healing osteotomies in doxorubicin- and methotrexate-treated animals compared with the control group. The torsional strength of intact bone was not significantly altered by either drug protocol over the period of this observation.

Animals↗

PubMed1979

Obstruction induced changes in longitudinal force-length relations of rabbit ureter.

The force-length relationships of rabbit ureters subjected to 2 weeks of obstruction were compared with those of normal rabbit ureters. After 2 weeks of ureteral obstruction, length increased by 24 per cent, diameter by 100 per cent, and cross-sectional muscle area by 248 per cent. At the in vivo length, the resting forces of the control and obstructed ureters were similar. With muscle lengthening, resting force increased. For the same per cent increase over in vivo length, both control and obstructed ureters exhibited the same resting forces. At the in vivo length, the obstructed ureter developed less active force and less stress in response to a suprathreshold electrical stimulus than did control ureters. At the length of maximum force development (1.4 times the in vivo length for both control and obstructed ureters), the force developed by the obstructed ureter was 3.5 times greater than that of the control, yielding a 250 per cent increase over control levels. Thus, active stress (force/unit area) was unchanged after 2 weeks of obstruction.

Animals↗

PubMed1975

Immunologic alterations in patients with prostatic carcinoma.

The state of cell-mediated immunity was evaluated in 41 patients with prostatic carcinoma by determining their ability to demonstrate delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity with dinitrochlorobenzene and recall antigens, and to mount an inflammatory response to croton oil, as well as by measuring changes in monocyte chemotactic response. The patients were divided into 2 groups: those with localized disease and those with metastatic carcinoma. Monocyte chemotactic response provides an in vitro quantitative measure of effector cell function and was significantly depressed in the entire group of prostatic cancer patients as compared to non-cancer controls (p less than 0.05). Patients with metastatic carcinoma had a greater defect than those with localized disease (p less than 0.025). After radical prostatectomy a group of patients with localized disease tended to show improvement in monocyte chemotactic response (p less than 0.025). The ability of patients to develop a delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity response was impaired and correlated with the clinical stage of the disease. By using the cutaneous irritant, croton oil, the ability of these cancer patients to mount an inflammatory response was also found to be impaired and showed a close correlation between clinical stage and course of disease. Changes in response to croton oil tended to precede alterations in dinitrochlorobenzene response.

Adult↗

PubMed1975

Studies on the immune status of patients with renal adenocarcinoma.

Thirty-one patients with renal carcinoma were divided into 3 groups according to the stage of the disease and evaluated with skin tests to determine cell-mediated immunity and an in vitro chemostaxis assay to measure monocyte function. The patients demonstrated a significant defect in monocyte function, that is the ability to undergo chemotaxis when compared to healthy controls and patients with non-neoplastic disease (p less than 0.001). The defect tended to be more severe in patients with advanced disease. Improvements in monocyte function occurred following nephrectomy in patients with localized disease. The patients were skin tested with recall antigens and dinitrochlorobenzene to determine the presence of a delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity response. Croton oil was used to evaluate the non-specific inflammatory response. These studies indicate that a defect exists in cellular immunity as well as the inflammatory response. Patients with advanced disease tend to be unresponsive to these skin tests while those with localized disease are more likely to react to dinitrochlorobenzene and croton oil.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1975

The temporal and pathological significance of perfusion failure following renal transplantation.

Serial dynamic studies with 99mTc-DTPA are a useful method of monitoring renal transplants. Radionuclide images obtained within 24 hours after surgery and at regular intervals thereafter can identify pathological conditions. The decline or absence of perfusion, coupled with the elapsed time following surgery, can be used to differentiate vascular occlusion or hyperacute rejection from acute rejection, acute tubular necrosis, or accelerated or chronic rejection. 99mTc-pyrophosphate can be used to simultaneously evaluate transplant function and locate possible aseptic necrosis of bone. Both studies are noninvasive and have been performed safely on numerous occasions over a period of several years.

Angiography↗