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Biomedical subjects

M Haslbeck

Publications and source records attributed to M Haslbeck.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Studies on orocecal transit in diabetes mellitus].

The present study investigated changes of gastrointestinal transit in diabetes mellitus by a variant of the hydrogen exhalation method, which produces reliable estimates of oro-cecal transit times of a lactulose test meal. Relation to metabolic state and small fibre neuropathy was also evaluated. The latter was indexed by Airaksinen's variability score for resting pulse frequency, Ewing's index of respiratory sinus arrhythmia, and warm and cold thresholds at the foot. 15 inpatients with verified type I diabetes (nine female, six male) and eleven healthy controls (nine female, two male) were under investigation. Ages ranged from 19 to 47 and 27 to 49 years, respectively. No clearcut signs of angiopathy or neuropathy were present in patients. HbA1c values were moderately high (means +/- s = 8.2 +/- 1.6). Diabetes patients showed prolonged transit compared to controls (means +/- s = 102.7 +/- 28.2 min, and 79.6 +/- 15.4, resp.; p = 0.02, U-test). Two patients had extremely long transit times, none showed acceleration. However, neither indices of small fibre neuropathy nor metabolic parameters were significantly correlated with transit measures. Prolonged oro-cecal transit, therefore, seems to be due to a specific visceral-autonomic or primary enteric neuropathy, which is still limited to the gastrointestinal system in this stage, and/or metabolic effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Diet and civilization diseases--carbohydrate aspects].

Carbohydrates are a major component of our food, they are important as body energy stores and they play an important role in cellular structures. In the present paper a classification of food carbohydrates, of dietary fibers and sweeteners is presented and the major physiological effects are discussed. Furthermore, the significance of carbohydrates for the etiology and the treatment of nutrition related diseases which are closely related to the development of arteriosclerosis is outlined. Carbohydrates are beside fat the major determinants of the daily caloric intake. This illustrates their impact on the development of obesity with its predominant role as a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, the role of sugar consumption in the relation to dental caries is stressed. Also the central role of carbohydrate consumption for the treatment of diabetes mellitus is described. Problems of the diabetes diet, the role of the dietary fiber in the treatment of different diseases and the necessity of sweetness in nutrition are discussed in greater detail.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Sonographic changes in the size of the kidneys in type I diabetes as a method of early detection of diabetic nephropathy].

We carried out sonographic examination of 160 type I diabetics measuring the renal volume, the parenchyma/renal pelvis index and the brightness of the parenchyma. Creatinine and beta-2-microglobulin in the serum, creatinine clearance and albumin excretion by urine were determined as functional parameters. In contrast to existing results, we were unable to find significant changes in kidney size or function in newly diagnosed diabetics (duration of diabetes up to 6 months). Both the parenchyma/renal pelvis index and the kidney parenchyma were unchanged compared to control persons of the same age. It was only if diabetes lasted from 6 months to 5 years, that the renal volume was 19% larger (192 +/- 37 cm3/1.73 m2) than that of recently diagnosed patients (p less than 0.01). The index had increased by 15%, whereas the creatinine clearance had increased by 18% to 121 +/- 27 ml/min as a result of increased perfusion. The renal volume decreased continuously over a five-year period of duration of diabetes. Initially, microalbuminuria became manifest, followed some time later by a decrease in creatinine clearance and a corresponding increase in creatinine and beta-2-microglobulin in serum. No change in parenchyma brightness was noted. Diabetics with moderate renal insufficiency (creatinine 1.2 to 2 mg/dl) compared to diabetics without insufficiency developed larger kidneys (207 cm3/1.73 m2; p less than 0.01). Only in case of severe insufficiency (creatinine greater than 2 mg/dl) did the kidneys did shrink significantly (121 cm3/1,73 m2, n = 8, p less than 0.01). The temporary enlargement of the kidneys could be a prognostically unfavourable sign pointing towards a developing diabetic nephropathy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Neuroendocrine effects on one's awareness of the action of the heart].

Heart rate under mental and physical stress and the incidence of cardiac arrhythmias (by 24-hour ECG monitoring) as well as their awareness of these two types of cardiac activity were analysed in 11 insulin-dependent diabetics (manifestation before the age of 40 years) with autonomic neuropathy, five patients with hyperthyroidism and 13 healthy subjects. In hyperthyroidism the heart rate was increased as was the incidence of ventricular premature systoles; spontaneous variations and exercise-induced adaptation in heart rate were preserved. In diabetic neuropathy spontaneous heart-rate variations were absent, but adaptation reactions to mental and physical stress were normal. Patients of both groups had an impaired awareness of normal and arrhythmic cardiac activity. Lack of vagal inhibition in diabetic neuropathy and noradrenergic activation in hyperthyroidism may be the respective causative factors in the described disorders of regulation and awareness.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1985

[Early diagnosis of autonomic diabetic neuropathy using sensitivity to temperature].

Testing temperature sensitivity thresholds and sensory nerve velocity in 76 type I diabetics and 16 healthy controls gave the following results: In 24 patients with dysfunction of one or more autonomic nervous system functions (histamine test reaction, erectile impotence, gastroparesis, orthostatic hypotension and bladder atonia) temperature sensitivity of the lower limbs, as an early manifestation of distal diabetic neuropathy, was markedly impaired compared with healthy controls as well as patients without autonomic dysfunction (n = 52); sensory nerve velocity (sural nerve) was similar in the two groups; metabolic parameters (blood glucose 1 hour postprandial morning and noon; glucose in 24-h urine, and HbA1a-c) also failed to demonstrate any difference between the two patient groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Self-inflicted hypoglycaemia (three cases)].

A woman with normal metabolism but addictive tendency injected insulin, as was proven by the presence of insulin antibodies in serum. Another woman with a normal metabolism caused hypoglycaemia by taking sulphonylurea preparations, apparently from self-destructive motives. After all laboratory and other tests had at first pointed to organic hyperinsulinism, the diagnosis of self-inflicted hypoglycaemia was finally made by demonstrating the drug in plasma. A young diabetic who required insulin caused hypoglycaemia by injecting additional insulin. The complete absence of C-peptide and especially the strict supervision confirmed the diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Patterns of allergic skin reactions during insulin treatment (author's transl)].

Intracutaneous testing was done in 85 patients with allergic reactions during insulin treatment. Six patients showed immediate reactions (type I), 76 showed allergic late reactions (type IV) and three showed combined allergy (type I/IV) to intracutaneous undiluted insulin. Whereas immediate and combined allergies were exclusively pure insulin allergies, several allergens were shown to be responsible in late reactions: nine patients had pure surfen allergy, 34 patients pure insulin allergy (against all insulins) and 11 pure bovine insulin allergy. A further 22 patients reacted to various allergens, 16 of them to surfen and all insulins, and 6 to surfen and bovine insulins. Estimation of the diameter of the erythema showed a significantly better skin tolerance of neutral than of acid insulins. Intracutaneous pig insulin led to less erythema than bovine insulin. Neutral pig insulins thus have the least antigenicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Prevalence and incidence of renal stone disease in a German population sample.

261 male and 242 female patients (age 15-65 years) were questioned about renal colics with passage of renal stones. The patients were questioned while undergoing a medical examination. The prevalence of renal stones varied between 1.1% (males 15-29 years) and 20.6% (males 50-65 years) with an average of 6.9%. The incidence of passage of a calculus was 0.62% percent of the population per year. These figures in a German population sample are in agreement with more recent data from other industrialized countries and point to the magnitude of renal stone disease as a public health problem.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Effect on carbohydrate metabolism of a new saluretic, etozolin].

The influence of Etozolin (Elkapin) on the carbohydrate metabolism was studied in 10 healthy volunteers, 6 patients with chemical diabetes and 10 with overt diabetes by blood glucose measurements and oral glucose tolerance tests with determinations of serum insulin levels. The healthy volunteers received 800 mg Etozolin per day during the treatment period of 3 days, the two groups of patients 400 mg Etozolin for 8 days. The laboratory parameters of the treatment period were compared with the corresponding values of the pre- and posttreatment periods and evaluated statistically. There was no statistically significant difference in the carbohydrate metabolism between the 3 test periods in all groups studied. As a result of the induced diuresis body weight, serum electrolytes and urine volume changed significantly during the Etozolin treatment as compared with the pre- and posttreatment values. Other changes of laboratory parameters could not be seen. In diabetic hypertensive patients a significant reduction of blood pressure was observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Intracutaneous desensitization in a case of insulin allergy with anaphylactic shock (author's transl)].

In a 72-year-old woman with keto-acidaemia due to out-of-control diabetes, anaphylactic reaction occurred immediately after intravenous administration of 8 units of insulin. Extensive intracutaneous testing with highly purified insulins, including sheep and human insulin, revealed an allergy of the immediate type against the insulin molecule itself. Desensitization with subcutaneous insulin administration failed. Intracutaneous insulin injection three hours apart, starting at a dilution of 1:100, produced good subcutaneous tolerance of insulin within seven days.

Aged↗