[Diabetic ophthalmoplegia--a clinico-pathological study of the first case in Japan].
Many reports of diabetic ophthalmoplegia have been published from the clinical points of view. However, there have been only three autopsied cases in which the ocular nerves were investigated histopathologically. A 72-year-old housewife was diagnosed to have glycosuria at the age of 67, but no medical treatment was done. She admitted to the hospital, because of acute onset of right eyelid drooping and diplopia for previous four days. She showed complete eyelid ptosis, moderate dilatation of right pupil, loss of light reaction, and extraocular muscle palsy except abduction on the right. Blood pressure was normal. A glucose tolerance test was diabetic and HbA1c was moderately increased. Her diabetes was fairly well-controlled with a diet therapy and injection of lente insulin. Two and a half months after admission, the course of illness became regressive. Seven months later, external ophthalmoplegia was disappeared and only slight anisocoria was seen. She readmitted to the hospital one year and eleven months later, because of anorexia and emaciation. She died of adenocarcinoma of the stomach without chemotherapy. The duration from onset of ocular symptoms to death was two years and one month. At postmortem examination, stomach cancer infiltrated extensively to the abdominal and pelvic viscera, but no metastasis to the nervous system or intraorbital tissues was found. There were mild to moderate atherosclerotic changes in the small-and middle-sized arteries of the kidneys, pancreas and adrenal glands corresponding to her age. Moderate atherosclerosis was found in all of the major arteries including Willis ring, siphon of the right internal carotid artery and Vertebro-basilar one.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)