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Biomedical subjects

M Hashizume

Publications and source records attributed to M Hashizume.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Effect of teprenone on portal hypertensive gastric mucosa.

Teprenone (geranylgeranylacetone) is a gastric mucosal protective drug used clinically in Japan for treatment of gastric ulcers and gastritis. Its effect on portal hypertensive (PHT) gastric mucosa which has impaired defensive mechanisms is not known. In 20 PHT and 20 sham-operated rats, we studied the effects of teprenone or placebo on: (1) portal pressure; (2) gastric pH; (3) gastric mucosal blood flow using laser doppler flowmetry, and (4) hexosamine content in gastric mucosa. The gastric mucosal blood flow was significantly higher in the PHT + teprenone group than in the PHT + placebo group (463 +/- 75 and 381 +/- 82 perfusion units, respectively; p < 0.05). The hexosamine content was significantly lower in PHT rats than in sham-operated controls (12.6 +/- 2.3 vs. 14.3 +/- 2.2 micrograms/mg, respectively). Teprenone treatment significantly increased the gastric mucosal hexosamine concentration in both sham-operated and PHT rats (17.2 +/- 3.1 and 15.6 +/- 3.6 micrograms/mg, respectively). These effects of teprenone, combined with its known prostaglandin-stimulating action, suggest a potential role for this agent in the treatment of PHT gastric mucosal abnormalities.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

The role of the spleen, platelets, and plasma hepatocyte growth factor activity on hepatic regeneration in rats.

BACKGROUND: Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a humoral factor that may act as a trigger for hepatic regeneration. In this study, changes in the plasma HGF activity on hepatic regeneration in a splenectomized condition were measured for the first time, while the role of the spleen and platelets on hepatic regeneration were also carefully evaluated. STUDY DESIGN: Seventy-five male Wistar rats were classified into three groups: group A consisted of rats who underwent a sham operation and a partial hepatectomy; group B consisted of those who underwent a splenectomy and partial hepatectomy; and group C consisted of those who underwent a splenectomy, partial hepatectomy, and were administered an antiplatelet agent. RESULTS: At 24 hours after partial hepatectomy, the weights of the livers of the rats in groups B and C were significantly greater than those of group A, while the labeling index of group C was significantly higher than that of group A and also tended to be higher than that of group B. Regarding the number of platelets, the transient increase in group A occurred earlier than that of either group B or C. The plasma HGF activities also showed a transient increase and the maximum levels were reached at 24 hours in group A, six hours in group B, and 12 hours in group C. CONCLUSIONS: It is suggested that the spleen plays an inhibitory role in hepatic regeneration. In the early stage of hepatic regeneration, platelets possibly control HGF induction, while in the following stage, a possible feedback mechanism is also postulated to exist.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Laparoscopic splenectomy for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: comparison of laparoscopic surgery and conventional open surgery.

In chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), the two main therapeutic choices are steroid treatment or splenectomy. The adult form of ITP is described as a disease found primarily in young adults, with a female predominance. Treatment with steroids effects a complete response in less than 30% of patients, whereas splenectomy is successful in more than 60% of patients who undergo it. The minimal access afforded by laparoscopic splenectomy is considered highly desirable for these patients. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical benefits of a laparoscopic splenectomy with those of conventional open surgery for patients with ITP. From 1968 to 1993, splenectomy was performed on 51 patients: 10 operations done laparoscopically and 41 performed conventionally. Complications, postoperative pain, recovery, and hospital charges were then compared. Laparoscopic splenectomy involved minimal incisions, and a significantly lower frequency of analgesia was required for postoperative abdominal pain (1.3 vs. 3.3); hospital stay was shorter (8.2 vs. 20.1 days) (p < 0.005). Operative time was significantly longer for the laparoscopic surgery (249.2 vs. 99.8 min) (p < 0.0001), but blood loss was less (176.0 vs. 511.7 g) (p < 0.01). No intraoperative or postoperative major complications occurred with the laparoscopic procedures, compared with 46.3% with conventional surgery. Finally, the total hospital costs were lower with laparoscopic splenectomy, especially for postoperative care (p < 0.05). A laparoscopic splenectomy may well be considered the surgical treatment of choice for patients requiring a splenectomy in view of both quality of life and economy.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Endoscopic injection sclerotherapy for esophageal varices associated with concomitant portal venous thrombus of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Between 1983 and 1994, we treated 51 patients with esophageal varices and portal trunk and main branch invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma, using endoscopic injection sclerotherapy. Variceal bleeding was controlled in 28 of 29 patients (96.6%), esophageal varices were completely eradicated in 28 (54.9%), and only 2 of 28 (7.1%) bled from small, dilated, venous vessels after eradication. The cumulative nonbleeding rate at 3 years was 87.5%. Death caused by hepatocellular carcinoma accounted for 89.4% of the patients, whereas the rate of bleeding from esophageal varices was 4.3%. Variables significantly associated with the duration of survival were Okuda's clinical stage, alpha-fetoprotein, eradication of esophageal varices by sclerotherapy, and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma, as determined in a univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis showed that eradication of esophageal varices by sclerotherapy, Okuda's clinical stage, and age were independent factors which significantly influenced survival time. We propose that complete eradication of esophageal varices and close follow-up using endoscopy may lead to a reduction in bleeding from esophageal varices, and hence may reduce mortality rates related to this bleeding.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1995

Laparoscopic hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Despite recent progress in diagnostics for hepatocellular carcinoma, the rate of resectability remains low, mainly because of the advancement of the underlying liver disease. We report a case of a 54-year-old man with a hepatocellular carcinoma and poor liver function that was treated successfully with a laparoscopic hepatic resection. Laparoscopic hepatic resection is considered to be feasible with the aid of an ultrasonic dissector and a microwave coagulator; however, close attention should be paid to the development of air embolism and hepatic vein injury.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1995

Increased prostacyclin content in gastric mucosa of cirrhotic patients with portal hypertensive gastropathy.

Plasma levels and gastric mucosal contents of prostaglandin (PG) E2 and prostacyclin were determined in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG), in cirrhotic patients without PHG and in healthy controls. PGE2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha (a stable metabolite of prostacyclin) levels were measured in 30 cirrhotic patients and 10 controls, using radioimmunoassay. Of 30 cirrhotics, 13 had PHG of the fundus and the corpus. Plasma concentrations of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha in the cirrhotic patients were significantly higher than in the controls (p < 0.01), but there was no significant difference between cirrhotics and controls with regard to plasma levels of PGE2. The gastric mucosal contents of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha in the fundus was significantly higher in cirrhotics with PHG than those without PHG (p < 0.05) and controls (p < 0.01). However, the gastric mucosal contents of PGE2 in the fundus were not significantly different in cirrhotics with and without PHG. The gastric mucosal contents of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha significantly correlated to the plasma levels (r = 0.37, p < 0.05), but there was no significant correlation between plasma levels and gastric mucosal contents of PGE2. Since prostacyclin has vasodilator and gastric acid inhibitory effects, we speculate that high contents of prostacyclin in the gastric mucosa may have some role in the pathogenesis of PHG.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1995

Development of esophageal cancer after endoscopic injection sclerotherapy for esophageal varices: three case reports.

We report here three cases of squamous-cell carcinoma of the esophagus following endoscopic injection sclerotherapy for esophageal varices. All three patients were men and cigarette smokers, with a mean age of 58.3 +/- 5.0 years. Hepatitis B and C virus infection tests were negative, and alcoholic cirrhosis was present in each patient. The interval between sclerotherapy and the development of carcinoma was 9, 10, and 33 months, in the respective cases. The sclerosant used was 5% ethanolamine oleate with a mean total volume of 51.0 +/- 18.9 ml. While we have no evidence of a direct relationship between sclerotherapy and esophageal cancer, in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis who have risk factors for esophageal cancer there may be an acceleration of the potential malignancy, as a result of the chronic inflammation related to sclerotherapy. Such patients should be closely followed, using endoscopy.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1995

Modulation of extraluminally induced vasoconstrictions by endothelium-derived nitric oxide in the canine basilar artery.

The present study was undertaken to investigate the role of endothelium in extraluminally induced vasospasm of the cerebral artery using isolated perfused canine basilar arteries. The extraluminal applications of high K+ and prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) induced concentration-dependent vasoconstriction. Both constrictive responses were significantly enhanced by denuding endothelium. Additionally, the responses in the endothelium-intact arteries were markedly augmented by intraluminal perfusion with NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA). These results suggest that the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) synthase in endothelium enhances increase in transmembrane Ca(2+)-influx which is a common constrictive mechanism to the vasoconstrictors. The augmentative action induced by L-NMMA was inhibited by intraluminal perfusion of L-arginine, but not by D-arginine. Furthermore, the augmentation was not observed in the arteries without endothelium. These results suggest that the endothelium may have a great significance on responsiveness to extraluminal vasoactive substances and that endothelium-derived NO may modulate the extraluminally induced vasoconstriction which is responsible for cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Amino Acid Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1995

Prognostic significance of hepatic vein waveform by Doppler ultrasonography in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension.

OBJECTIVE: We prospectively evaluated the prognostic value of the flat hepatic vein waveform, measured by Doppler ultrasound, in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension. METHODS: The Doppler pattern of right and left hepatic veins in a series of 120 consecutive cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension but without hepatocellular carcinoma was examined, together with clinical and biochemical parameters. RESULTS: Flat waveform of the right hepatic vein was recognized in nine patients and that of the left hepatic vein was seen in 13. After a mean follow-up of 13.6 +/- 9.7 months, 17 patients died, all from liver failure. In the univariate analysis, variable significantly associated with the duration of survival were age, etiology of the liver cirrhosis, upper gastrointestinal bleeding after start of the study, Child-Pugh score, ascites, encephalopathy, prothrombin index, bilirubin, albumin, and flat Doppler waveform in the right and left hepatic veins. Multivariate analysis showed that flat Doppler waveform in the right hepatic vein, bilirubin, and prothrombin index were independently related to survival. CONCLUSIONS: The prognostic accuracy in cases of cirrhosis with portal hypertension is significantly improved with acquisition of information obtained from hepatic vein waveform by Doppler ultrasound.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Recurrent rectal bleeding from portal hypertensive colopathy in a patient with hemorrhoids.

In a 62-yr-old woman who complained of recurrent rectal bleeding, hemorrhoids with mucosal prolapse were found. Virus-related cirrhosis also was present. Colonoscopy revealed spontaneous bleeding from two rectal ectasias (portal hypertensive colopathy) located 9 cm from the anus. Endoscopic hemostasis was achieved with a heater probe, and there has been no recurrent hemorrhage. Colonoscopy is important in ruling out hemorrhage from portal hypertensive colopathy when rectal bleeding occurs in the presence of portal hypertension.

Angiodysplasia↗
PubMed1995

Feasibility of laparoscopic cholecystectomy for patients with a nonvisualized gallbladder on drip infusion cholangiography.

We report here the operative findings, the incidence of successful laparoscopic treatment, and the perioperative complications in patients with nonvisualized gallbladder on drip infusion cholangiography (DIC). Eighty-five patients with a nonvisualized gallbladder on DIC were entered into the study. None of the patients had a minimal adhesive gallbladder; 51 to 85 patients (60.0%) had moderate adhesive gallbladders, and 34 (40.0%) had severely adhesive ones. The rate of successful laparoscopic treatment, including laparoscopy-assisted abdominal surgery, was 97.6% (83 of 85 patients). Perioperative complications occurred in only three patients (3.5%), and there were no deaths related to the operation. Thus, when patients with a nonvisualized gallbladder on DIC undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy, meticulous procedures must be carried out; however, as the rate of successful laparoscopic treatment is high, cholecystectomy under laparoscopy is feasible for experienced surgeons.

Cholangiography↗
PubMed1995

Portal venous blood flow unaltered in cirrhotic patients given metoclopramide injections.

The effects of metoclopramide on blood flow in portal and left gastric veins and cardiovascular haemodynamic variables were studied in 30 patients with both liver cirrhosis and oesophageal varices. Measurements were made under baseline conditions and after the intravenous administration of saline, metoclopramide 10 mg, and metoclopramide 20 mg. Portal haemodynamics, including portal and left gastric veins were studied using pulsed Doppler ultrasound. In all groups, the blood flow and the maximal diameter of portal and left gastric veins, and heart rate remained unchanged. However, metoclopramide 10 mg significantly decreased the mean arterial pressure 15 minutes after administration while metoclopramide 20 mg decreased it 30, 45 and 60 minutes after administration. Therefore, metoclopramide apparently does not alter the blood flow of the portal venous system in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Effect of beta-alanyl-L-histidinato zinc on protein components in osteoblastic MC3T3-El cells: increase in osteocalcin, insulin-like growth factor-I and transforming growth factor-beta.

The effect of beta-alanyl-L-histidinato zinc (AHZ) on protein components in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells was investigated. Cells were cultured for 3 days at 37 degrees C in CO2 incubator in plastic dishes containing alpha-modified minimum essential medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. After the cultures, the medium was exchanged for that containing 0.1% bovine serum albumin plus various concentrations of AHZ or other reagents, and the cells were cultured further 3 or 6 days. The homgenate of cells was analyzed with SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The presence of AHZ (10(-7) to 10(-5) M) caused an appreciable increase of many protein components in cells. Especially, the 67 killo-dalton (kDa) and 44 kDa proteins which are the major components from control cells were clearly increased by the presence of AHZ. Furthermore, the concentrations of osteocalcin, insulin-like growth factor-I and transforming growth factor-beta in the culture medium secreted from osteoblastic cells were markedly increased by the presence of AHZ (10(-6) and 10(-5) M). The effect of AHZ was a greater than that of zinc sulfate (10(-6) and 10(-5) M). The present findings suggest that AHZ can increase many proteins which are involved in the stimulation of bone formation and cell proliferation in osteoblastic cells.

Carnosine↗
PubMed1994

Effect of beta-alanyl-L-histidinato zinc on differentiation of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells: increases in alkaline phosphatase activity and protein concentration.

The effect of beta-alanyl-L-histidinato zinc (AHZ) on bone cell function was investigated in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Cells were cultured for 3 days at 37 degrees C in a CO2 incubator in plastic dishes containing alpha-modified minimum essential medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. After the cultures, the medium was exchanged for that containing 0.1% bovine serum albumin plus AHZ (10(-7)-10(-5) M) or other reagents, and the cells were cultured further for appropriate periods of time. The presence of AHZ (10(-7)-10(-5) M) produced a remarkable increase of alkaline phosphatase activity and protein concentration in osteoblastic cells. Thus increase were seen with the prolonged cultivation (12-21 days). With the culture of 1, 3 and 12 days, the effect of AHZ (10(-6) M) to increase alkaline phosphatase activity and protein concentration was more intensive than the effect of zinc sulfate (10(-6) M). The AHZ effects were completely abolished by the presence of cycloheximide (10(-6) M), indicating that AHZ stimulates protein synthesis in the cells. The present study suggests that AHZ has a stimulatory effect on cell differentiation, and that this effect is partly involved on protein synthesis in osteoblastic cells.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗