Biomedical subjects

M Hashimoto

Publications and source records attributed to M Hashimoto.

At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources

PubMed1991

[A case of mitral stenosis associated with cardiac sarcoidosis and left ventricular aneurysm].

We report a rare case of mitral stenosis associated with cardiac sarcoidosis and left ventricular aneurysm. A 60-year-old female was admitted with complaint of palpitation and dyspnea on exertion. Chest X-ray revealed cardiomegaly and pericardial calcification, but no bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy. Electrocardiogram showed various arrhythmia. Coronary angiography showed no stenosis in any coronary arteries. Cardioangiogram showed left ventricular aneurysm at the apex and mitral stenosis. Laboratory findings showed no evidence of sarcoidosis. Open mitral commissurotomy and left ventricular aneurysmectomy was performed. Pathological findings of the myocardium showed a remarkable degenerative change and a granulomatous inflammation. Postoperative biopsied specimens of right scalene lymph nodes revealed sarcoid reaction. The postoperative course was satisfactory, but arrhythmia remained. The patient was treated with steroids and pacemaker implantation. She has been doing well for 2 year postoperatively. An operative case of mitral stenosis associated with cardiac sarcoidosis and ventricular aneurysm due to sarcoidosis is very rare and the prognosis in patient is very poor usually.

Cardiomyopathies↗

PubMed1991

[Gabexate mesilate induced remarkable transient reversal of thrombocytopenia in a ITP patient].

A 46-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of hemorrhagic tendency. Normal coagulation test results conflicted with the diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Furthermore, we saw no evidence of autoantibodies, including antinuclear antibodies and splenomegaly, and there was no past history of infection or medication. Peripheral blood test showed marked decrease of platelets only. Bone marrow aspiration revealed increased megakaryocytes. Morphology of other blood components was normal. Thus, we diagnosed this case as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Administration of prednisolone and an immunosuppressants did not improve symptoms. So patient was temporarily discharged and treated with 6-MP at the outpatient department. She was rehospitalized for liver damage caused by the drug. Patient then developed sepsis from acinetobactor. We administered gabexate mesilate (FOY, 2,000 mg/day) for four days to prevent DIC. Platelet count, which was 1.5 X 10(4)/microliter before FOT administration, began increasing on the second day, reaching 25. 5 X 10(4)/microliter on the fourth. Count rapidly decreased to 2.8 X 10(4)/microliter on the seventh day after administration had been discontinued. Two-time FOY administration after patient's recovery from sepsis led to a definite, similar transient increase in platelet count. As ITP patients with transient increase in platelet count by FOY administration had not been reported, this case is thought to be an interesting case in the pathogenesis and treatment of ITP.

Female↗

PubMed1991

[A study on GTP-binding protein in the activation of phospholipase C and phospholipase A2 in cultured rat luteal cells].

We have studied the possible involvement of the GTP-binding protein (G-protein) in the activation of phospholipase C and A2 in cultured rat luteal cells as a transducer of cell information. 1. Inositol phosphate production and arachidonic acid release in rat luteal cells by the stimulation of PGF2 alpha and GnRH receptors are dependent on GTP and therefore suggest the involvement of GTP binding protein. 2. When the cells were not treated with IAP, a membrane protein of 41K molecular weight was apparently labeled. The protein, with a molecular weight of 41K, which was obtained from cultured rat luteal cells without prior treatment with IAP is considered to be the alpha-subunit of GTP binding protein as reported in other cells. While alpha-subunit of G-protein was ADP-ribosylated in luteal cells too, the 41K protein from the cells pretreated with IAP was not found to be ADP ribosylated. 3. When such IAP pretreated luteal cells were stimulated by PGF2 alpha or GnRHa, the production of inositol phosphate and the release of arachidonic acid were observed with no suppression. 4. The results suggest the existence of some G-protein other than Gi between the receptor and phospholipases C and A2.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

[Clinical course and prognosis in SLE patients with pulmonary hypertension: a comparative study with primary pulmonary hypertension].

Recently pulmonary hypertension (PH) has been recognized as one of life threatening complications which determine the prognosis of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Clinical aspects and pathology in patients with SLE complicated by PH (SLE-PH) have been reported to have a close similarity to those in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH), the prognosis of which is very poor in general. However, the long-term prognosis for patients with SLE-PH is not clear yet. Mainly because of some technical limitations for determining the severity of the PH, long-term follow-up studies have been inconclusive. In this study, 7 patients with SLE-PH and 6 patients with PPH were studied by using two-dimensional echocardiography. The interventricular septal curvature (R) was measured from the parasternal short axis view and the reciprocal value (1/R) was applied as a severity index of the PH. In 4 patients with SLE-PH and 6 with PPH, pulmonary arterial pressure was measured by cardiac catheterization concomitantly. There were no significant differences in 1/R and pulmonary arterial pressure between the two groups when PH was diagnosed for the first time. In the PPH group, the mean period of follow-up study was 25.3 months and all of the patients died during that period. In SLE-PH group, the mean period of follow-up study was 50.6 months, and only 3 patients (43%) died during that period. No patients in the PPH group showed improvement in 1/R, but 3 patients with SLE-PH improved in 1/R during a long follow-up period (60, 96 and 103 months respectively). Thus, the prognosis for SLE-PH was better than that for PPH, and there were some differences in the course and worsening behavior of PH in SLE-PH compared with that in PPH during the long-term follow-up study with reference to the echocardiographic investigation using 1/R value.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

[Empirical study of inpatients viewed from the individual psychotherapy].

There are very few empirical studies which address the effect of psychotherapy in inpatient settings. The author extracted 45 inpatient cases which could withstand detailed statistical analysis among patients who had been admitted to the psychiatric ward of the Tokai University Hospital between 1975 and 1981. Therapists of the cases were interviewed individually and the cases were evaluated retrospectively based on the criteria proposed by the study of Menninger Foundation. Significant statistical improvements were found on every items of evaluation. Furthermore, patients who had shown good interpersonal relationships and motivation at the time of admission showed positive conditions at the time of discharge. Factor analysis of therapeutic variables yielded five factors which delineated the following characteristics of the therapists: 1) having a psychoanalytic orientation, 2) viewing the improvement of symptoms as the goal of therapy, 3) utilizing one's experiences and skills, 4) utilizing a supportive approach, and 5) giving careful attention to the structuring of the psychotherapy sessions. As for the situational variables of the patients, factor analysis yielded only one factor, and multiple regression analysis revealed no significant therapeutic effects. Two types of multiple regression analysis were conducted to determine therapeutic effects and therapeutic variables, but no significant factors were found. Thus, the cases were classified into five groups according to interpersonal relationships factors and were analyzed according to "quantification method II" (Hayashi, C.). The following results were obtained: 1) the structuring of inpatient therapy should correspond with the patient's level of responsibility, 2) as for the structure of psychotherapy, the quality of improvement depended on the closeness to the psychoanalytic structure, i.e., the closer to the psychoanalytic structure, the higher the improvement, 3) the quality of improvement was poor when transference issues (in the sessions) were not brought up during the psychotherapy sessions, 4) the quality of improvement rose according to the degree that dreams and fantasies were dealt with, 5) hospital admission periods of 101 to 120 days showed the highest of improvement, 6) the frequency of sessions did not determine the quality of improvement, 7) the personality of therapist had strong effects when it worked in a negative way, and 8) the quality of improvement corresponded to the degree of the permissive atmosphere in the therapeutic relationship.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

[Analysis of prognostic factors in patients with carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus].

Prognostic factors in patients with carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus were analysed. From May 1972 to February 1989, 361 cases were resected in our department. Cases of histological curability 0, double cancer, death within 30 days after operation, death due to other diseases and cancer except squamous cell carcinoma were excluded, and 170 were chosen for this study. We classified these cases into two groups according to the survival period; Group 1: cases died within 2 years after operation, Group 2: cases lived more than 2 years. Factors analyzed were as follows; sex, age, location of the lesion, radiological classification, radiological vertical extension, axial deviation of the esophagus, endoscopic classification, endoscopic horizontal location, resectability, longitudinal diameter, histologic differentiation, depth of invasion, degree of lymphnode metastasis, range of lymphnode metastasis, lymphatic invasion, blood vessel invasion, intraepitherial spread, intramural metatasis, histologic stage and histologic curability. Factors related to prognosis were age, radiologic classification, depth of invasion, degree of lymphnode metastasis, histologic stage and histologic curability. In the next step, these cases were also classified into three groups according to the degree of lymphnode metastasis (n(-), n1 + 2(+), n3 + 4(+) and factors which influenced prognosis were analysed in each group. In the group without lymphnode metastasis, there was a statistical difference in survival rate between cases with intramural metastasis and cases without that. In groups with lymphnode metastasis (n1 + 2(+), n3 + 4(+), any factors such as the degree and range of metastasis or intramural metastasis had no influence on prognosis. So it was concluded that lymphnode metastasis itself was an important factor for prognosis.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1991

[Surgery of atrial septal defect in patients aged over 40 years: comparative study of direct suture and patch closure].

Thirty patients over 40 years of age with atrial septal defects were operated on between 1981 and 1989. They were divided into two groups according to operative technique, group A of patients with direct suture of defect (17 cases) and group B patch closure (13 cases), in order to investigate the incidence of postoperative complications. Patient age and size of defect in group B were both greater than in group A. One group A patient had pulmonary stenosis, two group B patients had mitral valvular disease and six group B patients had pulmonary hypertension. The incidence of postoperative heart failure was 29% in group A and 61% in group B and that of arrhythmia was 47% and 69% respectively, however there were no intraoperative and postoperative deaths. We concluded that, although a high incidence of postoperative complications was observed in group B, patch closure was recommended for older patients with atrial septal defect because direct suture was more likely to distort the atrial septum.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Noninvasive determination of cardiac output by continuous wave Doppler technique using apical approach].

The accuracy of a new method for measuring cardiac output with continuous wave Doppler technique from the cardiac apex (CWa) was studied in comparison with two conventional methods, pulsed Doppler technique using apical approach (PWa) and continuous wave Doppler technique using suprasternal approach (CWs). Study population consisted of 25 patients whose cardiac output had been determined by thermodilution method. None of the patients had aortic valve disease, significant tricuspid regurgitation or intracardiac shunt. Aortic flow velocity curves were recorded with the above three Doppler techniques and the cross-sectional area of the aortic root was measured by two-dimensional echocardiogram at mid-systole. Cardiac output (CO) by each Doppler technique was computed using the following equation: CO = aortic cross-sectional area x systolic velocity integral x heart rate. Cardiac output by CWa had better correlation with thermal output value than those by PWa and CWs (r = 0.94, r = 0.85, r = 0.59, respectively). Outputs by PWa and CWs tended to be underestimated compared with thermodilution output. Interobserver difference was smaller in CWa than in PWa and in CWs (4.5%, 7.7%, 6.6%, respectively). Thus, our new method would appear to be accurate and useful in estimating cardiac output, and so may be applied in its case of seriously ill patients.

Cardiac Output↗

PubMed1990

Activin/EDF as an inhibitor of neural differentiation.

Activin/EDG, a stimulator of the secretion of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) from pituitary gland and an inducer of erythroid differentiation for Friend leukemia cells, has since been implicated in a variety of biological roles. Here, we show some novel effects of activin on murine embryonal carcinoma cells (EC cells). First, activin acts as a growth factor on undifferentiated P19 cells, a well characterized EC cell line for the study of mammalian development. Second, activin inhibits the retinoic acid (RA) induced differentiation of P19 cells to neurons and glial cells. The inhibitory effect of activin on neural differentiation, which has yet to be proved in other physiological peptides, is confirmed also on the differentiation of various neuroblastoma cell lines. Our results suggest a possible role of activin as a negative regulator of neural differentiation in mammalian development.

Activins↗

PubMed1990

The physical state of human papillomavirus 16 DNA in cervical carcinoma and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

Cervical carcinomas and cervical intraepithelial neoplasias (CIN) were analyzed for the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA using Southern blot hybridization. Of the five HPV types examined (HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, and 33), HPV 16 DNA was detected most frequently. In most HPV 16-positive carcinomas examined, HPV 16 DNA was present in an integrated state in cellular DNA with or without the coexistence of episomal species. In one case, however, only episomal species were detected. Among seven cases of HPV 16-positive CIN, four contained HPV 16 DNA only in the episomal state and the rest contained HPV 16 DNA only in the integrated state, but the coexistence of both states was not found. These results suggest that the integration of HPV 16 DNA is not necessary for cells to become malignant, although it is frequently associated with malignant cells.

Blotting, Southern↗

PubMed1990

[A clinical study of recombinant human G-CSF in gynecological tumor patients with neutropenia due to chemotherapy (rG.CSF Clinical Study Group)].

We evaluated clinical efficacy of recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rG-CSF), successfully expressed in Chinese hamster ovarian cell, in gynecological tumor patients (pts) with neutropenia due to chemotherapy (CT). Fifty-eight pts with advance or relapsed gynecological malignancy were entered into this study. These pts had neutropenia below 1,000/cmm by CT and in the next cycle of CT they were treated with daily rG-CSF (2 micrograms/kg/day, subcutaneously) starting from the next day of CT for 14 days. The activities of rG-CSF were evaluated using following indices calculated for each cycle: a) the absolute neutrophil count (ANC) at nadir, b) the period for restoration in ANC above 1,500/cmm, and c) the total area below the 1,000/cmm level in ANC calculated by a computer. Forty-seven out of 52 evaluable pts (90.4%) showed good response to rG-CSF. Only adverse events considered possibly due to rG-CSF were transient fever and anorexia, one case each. In conclusion, rG-CSF appears to be well tolerated by gynecological tumor patients and to considerably rescue them from neutropenia caused by intensive chemotherapy.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

Ras oncogene expression and progression in intraepithelial neoplasia of the uterine cervix.

To examine the correlations between ras oncogene expression and the development of cervical cancer, the authors studied the reactivity of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and microinvasive lesions of the human uterine cervix by using anti-ras p21 mouse monoclonal antibody rp35. The frequency of positive p21 staining increased with increased grades of malignancy from 17.9% in CIN 1 to 28.9% in CIN 2 and 53.9% in CIN 3, whereas in microinvasive carcinoma it was 50.0%. Furthermore, ten cases of lesions that regressed during a 1-year follow-up period were positive for ras p21 in 20% of cases, but 14 cases of lesions that progressed and developed into higher graded lesions during the 2- to 5-year follow-up period had a 50.0% rate of positive p21 staining. It was concluded that ras oncogene product p21 correlates with the early phase of carcinogenesis of squamous cells of the uterine cervix.

Epithelium↗

PubMed1990

Prognostic and therapeutic significance of the flow cytometric nuclear DNA content in non-small cell lung cancer.

To evaluate prognostic and therapeutic significance, tumor DNA content was determined by flow cytometry in 310 paraffin-embedded tissue samples obtained surgically from 130 patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Ninety-six (76.8%) patients had DNA aneuploid patterns that were statistically higher in adenocarcinoma than in squamous cell carcinoma. A better 5-year survival rate was observed in Group A (DNA diploidy, 69.6%) than in Group B (DNA aneuploidy and DNA peridiploidy, 33.2%; P less than 0.001). The survival curves of the patients in Group B continued to decrease during the next 2.5 years. Cox's model analysis showed that both the pathologic stage and the DNA content were the significant prognostic factors for survival. However, the DNA content was an independent prognostic factor in squamous cell carcinoma, but not in adenocarcinoma. These results indicate that DNA content analysis is useful for the evaluation of clinical behavior and prognosis, and that the clinical value of the DNA content must be differentiated between squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1990

Facilitated transport of oxygen through hemoglobin solutions.

A method for quantitative analysis of hemoglobin color to estimate the oxygen saturation was developed. The method uses an image-input and -processing system composed of a 3-tube video camera and a digital image analyzer. When the system is connected to a microscope, the facilitated diffusion of oxygen in hemoglobin solutions can be observed and analyzed in a position-sensitive manner. The results led to a new transport model expressed as: J = k'CY/d, where J is the oxygen flux, C is the hemoglobin concentration, Y is the oxygen saturation of hemoglobin, d is the distance between the entrance of oxygen and the diffusion front, and k' is a constant.

Algorithms↗

PubMed1990

Effects of exercise on plasma lipoprotein levels and endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in young and old rats.

Effects of treadmill exercise (1 h.day-1 for 12 weeks) on the mechanical properties of isolated aortae and plasma concentrations of low and high density lipoprotein cholesterols ([LDL-C]pl and [HDL-C]pl, respectively) were investigated in young (16 weeks) and old (98 weeks) rats. With aging, [LDL-C]pl increased and acetylcholine (ACh) elicited greater endothelium-dependent relaxations of the aorta in old rats than in young rats. Also, in all groups of rats tested (young, old, exercised and nonexercised), the increase in the [LDL-C]pl correlated with an increase in the sensitivity of relaxation of the aorta to ACh. On the other hand, a greater [HDL-C]pl was associated with a smaller relaxation response to ACh in young rats only when exercised and nonexercised groups were combined. The increase in [HDL-C]pl with aging, however, did not correlate with the extent of ACh-induced relaxation. Exercise in old rats reduced [LDL-C]pl and the extent of ACh-induced relaxation of the aorta. Therefore, [LDL-C]pl appeared to be closely related to the extent of endothelium-dependent relaxation in response to ACh in the aorta. The [LDL-C]pl also correlated with the gain in mass of the rat. Exercise in old rats reduced the body mass and was accompanied by a decrease in [LDL-C]pl.

Acetylcholine↗

PubMed1990

Venous angioma treated by radiation.

A case of cerebral venous angioma which disappeared completely after local irradiation of 3200 cGy is presented. This new method is considered to be beneficial for the treatment of venous angiomas, particularly to prevent rebleeding from them.

Cerebral Angiography↗

PubMed1990

Effects of hyperglycaemia on sorbitol and myo-inositol contents of cultured embryos: treatment with aldose reductase inhibitor and myo-inositol supplementation.

To demonstrate the myo-inositol depletion hypothesis in hyperglycaemia-induced embryopathy, rat conceptuses of 9.5 days of gestation in the early head-fold stage were grown in vitro during neural tube formation for 48 h with increasing amounts of glucose. The effects of an aldose reductase inhibitor and the myo-inositol supplementation were also investigated. Sorbitol and myo-inositol contents were measured in separated embryos and extra-embryonic membranes including yolk sac and amnion at the end of culture. After addition of 33.3 mmol/l and 66.7 mmol/l glucose to the culture media, the myo-inositol content of the embryos was significantly decreased by 43.1% (p less than 0.05) and 64.6% (p less than 0.01) of the control group, while a marked accumulation of sorbitol was observed (25 and 41 times that of the control). Although the addition of an aldose reductase inhibitor (0.7 mmol/l) to the hyperglycaemic culture media containing an additional 66.7 mmol/l glucose significantly reduced the sorbitol content of embryos to approximately one-eighth, the myo-inositol content of embryos remained decreased and the frequency of neural lesions was unchanged (23.1% vs 23.9%, NS). Supplementation of the myo-inositol (0.28 mmol/l) completely restored the myo-inositol content of the embryos and resulted in a significant decrease in the frequency of neural lesions (7.1% vs 23.9%, p less than 0.01) and a significant increase in crown-rump length and somite numbers. Much less significantly, sorbitol accumulation was also observed in the extra-embryonic membrane in response to hyperglycaemia, neither hyperglycaemia nor the myo-inositol supplementation modified the myo-inositol contents of the extra-embryonic membrane.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aldehyde Reductase↗

PubMed1990

A simple method for screening assessment of acute toxicity of chemicals.

We proposed a simple method for screening assessment of acute oral and dermal toxicity using only three rats and mice of each sex at each dose level. Animals were first treated with chemicals at a dose of 2000 mg/kg and were carefully observed for compound-related morbidity and mortality. If none of the animals died, the following toxicity tests were suspended. If some of the animals died, toxicity tests at doses of 200 and 20 mg/kg were performed. The approximate LD50 values calculated by this method showed little difference between two separate laboratories and were in good agreement with LD50 values reported in the literature. Our toxicological data also showed that LD50 values were about 2-2.5 times the MNLD (maximum non lethal dose) in acute oral and dermal toxicity. This meant that a chemical could be regarded as having an LD50 of about 4000 mg/kg or higher when there was no mortality at the dose of 2000 mg/kg. A chemical with such low toxicity would not require further testing for lethal effects. Therefore, this simple method combining the fixed-dose procedure with the limit test is suitable for determination of approximate LD50 values of chemicals and for screening for necessity for classical full LD50 test using many animals.

Ammonium Sulfate↗