Using a monoclonal antibody to bromodeoxyuridine, we studied the cell kinetics of human hepatocellular carcinoma, liver cirrhosis, chronic active hepatitis and alcoholic liver fibrosis. Specimens were taken either by biopsy or surgery and immediately incubated with 0.1% bromodeoxyuridine solution at 37 degrees C for 45 min. After in vitro labeling, the bromodeoxyuridine taken up by the nuclei of S-phase cells was determined by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method, using an anti-bromodeoxyuridine monoclonal antibody as the first antibody. The number of positive nuclei in 1,000 hepatic cells was counted, and the bromodeoxyuridine labeling index was expressed per thousand. The mean bromodeoxyuridine labeling index +/- S.D. of the cancerous portion of hepatocellular carcinoma, the noncancerous portion of hepatocellular carcinoma, liver cirrhosis, chronic active hepatitis and alcoholic liver fibrosis were 64.1 +/- 31.3, 33.6 +/- 14.4, 23.2 +/- 20.8, 9.1 +/- 6.1 and 21.6 +/- 13.0, respectively. The mean bromodeoxyuridine labeling index of the hepatocellular carcinoma cancerous portion was statistically higher than that of any other group. There was no statistical difference by the t test or the Wilcoxon test between the noncancerous portion of hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis, and these two groups were proved interdependent by chi 2 test (Fisher's exact test), whether they were subdivided by bromodeoxyuridine labeling index greater than or equal to 10 or not. Bromodeoxyuridine labeling index was not significantly correlated with the usual biochemical parameters such as serum AST, ALT, gamma-GTP, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, cholinesterase, albumin, and alpha-fetoprotein.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrasonographic studies on abdominal complications in patients receiving marrow-ablative chemotherapy and bone marrow or blood stem cell transplantation.

Abdominal complications were evaluated with ultrasonography in 20 patients who received marrow-ablative chemotherapy and bone marrow or blood stem cell transplantation for the treatment of hematologic malignancies. Ultrasonographic findings compatible with veno-occlusive disease of the liver, cytomegalovirus infection of the colon, hepatic lesion of graft-versus-host disease, and cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis were demonstrated in 6 of these patients. In addition, ascites, pleural effusion, gall bladder wall thickening, and hepatosplenomegaly were easily detected. Since ultrasonography is noninvasive and can be repeated, ultrasonographic studies are useful for evaluating and monitoring abdominal complications which are frequently encountered in these transplant patients.

Abdomen↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Spin-echo and dynamic gadolinium-enhanced FLASH MR imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma: correlation with histopathologic findings.

Evaluation of histologic subtype and degree of differentiation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is essential because it affects patient prognosis and treatment planning. To evaluate the histologic subtype of HCC with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, conventional spin-echo and dynamic studies were correlated with histopathologic and angiographic findings in 72 HCCs. Dynamic MR imaging was performed with the fast low-angle shot (FLASH) technique after administration of gadopentetate dimeglumine. There was considerable overlap in signal intensity between various tumor grades on both T1- and T2-weighted images. On dynamic MR images, the peak contrast enhancement ratio correlated with tumor grade (well-differentiated, 29.5 +/- 24.7; moderately differentiated, 63.5 +/- 24.1; poorly differentiated, 86.9 +/- 26.4) or degree of dilatation of the sinusoidlike vascular space between tumor cells. The maximum contrast-to-noise ratio in tumor (relative to surrounding liver) was achieved within 60 seconds in 45 HCCs (mostly of the trabecular or pseudoglandular type). Enhancement was slight or minimal in 17 tumors (mostly small, well-differentiated tumors). In 10 tumors, the degree of enhancement increased with time, with maximum enhancement in the delayed phase (most frequently in scirrhous HCC). These dynamic patterns correlated with angiographic findings. These data indicate that the degree and pattern of enhancement on dynamic MR images reflect tumor differentiation and architecture of HCC.

Angiography, Digital Subtraction↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Dynamic MR imaging of recurrent postoperative cervical cancer.

The value of dynamic-contrast enhanced MR imaging using FLASH technique was studied in 13 patients with postoperative recurrent cervical cancer verified histopathology and in 9 patients without recurrence. Dynamic FLASH imaging and conventional spin-echo T1- and T2-weighted sequences were compared in a prospective fashion with regard to accuracy of the diagnosis of recurrent tumor using biopsy results as the gold standard. The contrast between the recurrent tumor and the surrounding pelvic tissues was also analyzed. The accuracy of depicting recurrent tumor or dynamic images (82%) was superior to that of pre- and postcontrast T1-weighted images and T2-weighted images (64%, 68%, and 64%, respectively). The contrast between the recurrent tumor and pelvic fat was greater on precontrast T1-weighted and dynamic images than on T2-weighted and postcontrast T1-weighted images. The dynamic images clearly showed involvement of the surrounding pelvic organs, because enhancement was observed exclusively in the tumor in the early dynamic phase. Accuracy regarding involvement of the urinary bladder or rectal wall on pre- and postcontrast T1-weighted images and T2-weighted images was lower than that on the dynamic images. Dynamic MR imaging has potential for use in the detection and evaluation of the extent of recurrent postoperative cervical cancer.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Transarterial embolization of an extrahepatic portal vein aneurysm with arterioportal fistula.

We successfully performed transcatheter arterial embolization of an extrahepatic arterioportal fistula with a portal vein aneurysm. The fistula was considered secondary to cholecystectomy for cholecystolithiasis 5 years earlier. After occlusion of the fistula with platinum coils, the aneurysmal cavity thrombosed.

Aneurysm↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Benign cystic teratoma of the ovary with rupture into the rectum: report of a unique rectal tumor.

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Dermoid Cyst↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Maximum likelihood analysis of the complete mitochondrial genomes of eutherians and a reevaluation of the phylogeny of bats and insectivores.

The complete mitochondrial genomes of two microbats, the horseshoe bat Rhinolophus pumilus, and the Japanese pipistrelle Pipistrellus abramus, and that of an insectivore, the long-clawed shrew Sorex unguiculatus, were sequenced and analyzed phylogenetically by a maximum likelihood method in an effort to enhance our understanding of mammalian evolution. Our analysis suggested that (1) a sister relationship exists between moles and shrews, which form an eulipotyphlan clade; (2) chiropterans have a sister-relationship with eulipotyphlans; and (3) the Eulipotyphla/Chiroptera clade is closely related to fereuungulates (Cetartiodactyla, Perissodactyla and Carnivora). Divergence times on the mammalian tree were estimated from consideration of a relaxed molecular clock, the amino acid sequences of 12 concatenated mitochondrial proteins and multiple reference criteria. Moles and shrews were estimated to have diverged approximately 48 MyrBP, and bats and eulipotyphlans to have diverged 68 MyrBP. Recent phylogenetic controversy over the polyphyly of microbats, the monophyly of rodents, and the position of hedgehogs is also examined.

Animals↗