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Biomedical subjects

M Harada

Publications and source records attributed to M Harada.

At least 865 records · Page 48Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Histopathological findings of prostate carcinoma--nuclear anaplasia (NAN) and structural atypism (SAT)].

Most of the previous publications have focused mainly on structural atypism (SAT) or differentiation in the studies on histopathological findings of prostate carcinoma. We studied nuclear anaplasia (NAN) as well as SAT in prostate carcinoma, comparing with differentiation grade or Gleason's pattern, to find NAN's clinical implication. We also compared histopathological findings of prostate carcinoma in our cases with those in U.S.A. Analysis of NAN grade and SAT grade distribution in stages revealed a correlation between the grades and the stages, in which SAT1 or NAN1 decreased while SAT3 or NAN3 increased in their frequencies as stage progressed. A similar correlation was found between mean value of SAT + NAN grade and stage. While NAN grade and SAT grade agreed with each other in 70% of the patients with prostate carcinoma, that was not the case in the remaining patients. This suggested a complementary relationship between NAN grade and SAT grade in some patients. A similar relationship was found between NAN grade and Gleason's pattern. These results suggest that, in a non-negligible number of patients, the NAN grade does not agree with the SAT grade or Gleason's pattern which is defined by atypism in the glandular structure. Disease-specific survival in each SAT grade could be further defined by the NAN grade. For example, in both SAT2 and SAT3, NAN3 tended to have a poorer prognosis than NAN2. Thus, NAN grading system would furnish more accurate information to predict the patients' clinical course.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Anaplasia↗
PubMed1991

Multiple bullae and paresis after drug-induced coma.

Two cases of bullous skin lesions and paresis following coma due to the ingestion of many antipsychotic drugs were reported. Histological examination showed an intra-epidermal blister in case 1 and degeneration of sweat glands in both cases. An immunofluorescence study showed massive deposits of IgM and C3 in the dermal vessels. As similar deposits of immunoglobulin and complement were not observed in patients with ordinary lesions such as decubitus, a different mechanism in the formation of the bullous skin lesion other than pressure is suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Effects of G-CSF, GM-CSF, and IL-5 on nuclear segmentation of neutrophils and eosinophils in congenital or acquired Pelger-Huët anomaly.

We studied the in vitro effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and interleukin 5 (IL-5) on nuclear segmentation of neutrophils and eosinophils from three patients with congenital or acquired Pelger-Huët anomaly. After a 24-h incubation with G-CSF, the majority of neutrophils showed nuclear development characterized by a bilobed appearance. In contrast to neutrophils, the nuclear segmentation of eosinophils was not induced after incubation with G-CSF, GM-CSF, or IL-5. These results suggest that G-CSF plays some role in the nuclear development of neutrophils, whereas IL-5 may not have such an effect on eosinophil maturation in the individual cases studied.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

A simplified method for cryopreservation of peripheral blood stem cells at -80 degrees C without rate-controlled freezing.

A simplified method was established for cryopreservation of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) using hydroxyethyl starch (HES) and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) as a cryoprotective agent at -80 degrees C without rate-controlled freezing. The data indicate that a cryoprotective solution consisting of 6% HES and 5% DMSO produced the highest recovery rates for nucleated cells (92.0 +/- 3.5%), CFU-GM (73.8 +/- 4.1%) and BFU-E (82.2 +/- 6.9%), and the highest trypan blue viability (88.4 +/- 3.6%). For long-term cryopreservation of PBSCs, CFU-GM recovery rates remained almost unchanged during 5-18 months; the mean CFU-GM recovery rate after 18 months of cryopreservation was 70 +/- 11%. When large-scale samples of PBSCs in 100-ml freezing bags were cryopreserved for clinical use, cell and CFU-GM recoveries were similar. Using this method, 10 patients with hematological malignancy received PBSC transplants after marrow-ablative chemotherapy. All demonstrated early engraftment; seven are now alive in unmaintained complete remission for 3.5-15 months after PBSC transplant. This simple and inexpensive method will be useful for the wider application of PBSC transplant as a therapeutic alternative in the treatment of malignant diseases.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

[Comparison between T-connecter and three-way stopcock as a portal for obtaining samples from indwelling catheter].

The accuracy of measurements on a sample obtained via either T-connecter or three-way stopcock connected directly with an indwelling catheter was comparatively evaluated. The sample was obtained through them after drawing glucose standard fluid (100 mg.dl-1) into a catheter which was primed with saline. The influence of sample volume and discarded volume on the glucose concentration in the sample was investigated, respectively. The results showed that both sample volume and discarded volume required smaller amount with a T-connecter than with a three-way stopcock to obtain more accurate measurements. The results also suggested that remaining discard aliquot in the connecting port of the three-way stopcock might influence the accuracy of the obtained sample when the sample volume was small.

Blood Specimen Collection↗
PubMed1991

[New trends in the treatment of leukemia].

More than 50% cure can be obtained with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) when patients are transplanted in first remission of AML and ALL or chronic phase of CML. On the other hand, considerable progress has been made recently in treating acute leukemia with chemotherapy. Recent studies of intensive chemotherapy in adults with AML report approximately 40-50% 3-year disease-free survival (DFS). Accordingly, several prospective randomized clinical trials have been conducted on the use of BMT versus intensive chemotherapy in the treatment of AML. Significant differences in DFS were found only in a few studies though the results of BMT appear to be comparable or superior to chemotherapy. Therefore, the overall advantage of BMT in first remission AML is smaller than expected. We should know not whether to transplant or to perform chemotherapy, but rather whether to transplant in first remission or to perform chemotherapy first and reserve transplantation as salvage therapy. Recently acute promyelocytic leukemia has been successfully treated with differentiation therapy using all-trans retinoic acid. Low-dose aclarubicin has also been reported to be effective as differentiation therapy in some patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and atypical AML. With the advance of molecular biology of cytokines, several of them are now available for clinical use. G-CSF, GM-CSF and M-CSF are potent stimulators for the granulocyte-macrophage production; they are very effective for accelerating hematologic recovery after chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression or BMT. Interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) has been used in the several studies. Furthermore, Ph chromosome positivity can be reduced with long-term administration of IFN-alpha; Ph-positive clone can be undetectable in some patients. Thus, IFN-alpha will be the choice of treatment for CML even if BMT is planned.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Eicosapentanoic acid suppresses intimal hyperplasia after expanded polytetrafluoroethylene grafting in rabbits fed a high cholesterol diet.

The effect of purified eicosapentanoic acid on intimal fibrous hyperplasia in expanded polytetrafluoroethylene grafts was examined in 18 rabbits undergoing infrarenal aorta reconstruction. Six rabbits received commercial rabbit chow (control group), six a regular diet supplemented with 1% cholesterol (cholesterol group), and six the cholesterol diet with 91.1% pure eicosapentanoic acid 500 mg/day (eicosapentanoic acid group). Grafts were harvested 3 months after surgery for histologic examination. The platelet count and serum beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 concentrations were not significantly different between groups. Serum arachidonic acid level in the cholesterol group was significantly higher than in the control group, and serum eicosapentanoic acid levels in the eicosapentanoic acid group were significantly higher than in the remaining two groups. Intergroup differences in serum 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha and thromboxane B2 concentrations were not significant. Intimal thickness at midgraft was 5.2 +/- 6.2 microns in the control group, 67.6 +/- 46.9 microns in the cholesterol group, and 19.2 +/- 18.4 microns in the eicosapntanoic acid group. intimal thickness in the cholesterol group was greater than in either the control or licosapentanoic acid group (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.05, respectively). These data suggest that eicosapentanoic acid reduces intimal fibrous proliferation in expanded polytetrafluoroethylene grafting as a result of hypercholesterolemia and that this effect is independent of the platelet count, activated platelet factors, and the prostacyclin/thromboxane A2 ratio.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1991

Effective photocleavage of DNA by pheophorbide a.

Remarkably effective photocleavage of plasmid DNA with pheophorbide a, as a visible light sensitizer, has been found for the first time. DNA is photocleaved even in the absence of oxygen. The novel oxygen-independent scission is ascribed to specific photodynamic function of the ring V in pheophorbide a.

Chlorophyll↗
PubMed1991

[Superior mesenteric arterial infusion chemotherapy against intestinal obstruction caused by peritoneal carcinomatosis].

For 4 patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis who had severe abdominal pain and vomiting, intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy, via the superior mesenteric artery was performed. After the treatment, all patients were free of their symptoms and began to eat again. Severe complications such as superior mesenteric arterial thrombosis did not occur. It is concluded that our treatment is clinically useful because the quality of life of these patients at the end stage was improved.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Establishment and characterization of a CA19-9 producing human gastric cancer cell line, STKM-1].

A human gastric cancer cell line, STKM-1, was established from the malignant cells in pleural effusion of a 41-year-old female patient. The primary gastric cancer revealed histologically a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. The cells have been cultured with RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and grew as monolayers following a doubling time of 31.4 hour at passage 30. The mode of chromosome number was 52. The STKM-1 cell was tumorigenic in nude mice. The STKM-1 cell cultured in vitro secreted CA19-9, into the medium as a tumor marker. Cells in tumors grown in nude mice were immunohistochemically recognized positively by anti-CA19-9 antibody. The STKM-1 will provide a useful information to clarify the mechanism of CA19-9 secretion.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

[In-vivo 19F-MRS study of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) metabolism on tumors].

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) metabolism on tumors was studied by in-vivo 19F-MRS (magnetic resonance spectroscopy). In this study, two kinds of tumors were used, i.e., Yoshida sarcoma implanted subcutaneously to the abdomen of rats and drug-induced tumors in the rats livers. Sequential 19F spectra were obtained just after 150 mg/kg 5-FU injected intravenously. In Yoshida sarcoma, the accumulation of 5-FU was observed and disappearance of 5-FU was slower compared to the normal tissue. However, synthesis of fluoronucleotides (Fnct) could not be detected. In drug-induced liver tumors, the peak of fluoro-beta-alanine (FBAL) was observed. Disappearance of 5-FU and catabolism to FBAL in the liver tumors group were slower compared to the normal liver. Synthesis of Fnct did not increase in the liver tumor group. The results in the liver tumor group are considered to be the confined result of the hepatocytes and tumors cells. It was considered that the delayed catabolism to FBAL in the liver tumor group showed metabolic dysfunction of the liver. Also the synthesis of Fnct in tumors could not be detected by in-vivo 19F-MRS. 19F-MRS method could not detect Fnct in tumors in-vivo. However, the accumulation of 5-FU could be assessed by this method. It is expected that the evaluation of 5-FU pooling in tumors could be used for the index of chemotherapeutic effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Treatment of iron overload with combination of recombinant human erythropoietin and phlebotomy].

A patient of Coombs negative autoimmune hemolytic anemia was massively transfused of 162 units concentrated red blood cells in 3 months and developed iron overload disease which was confirmed by liver biopsy. Hemolysis was successfully treated with high-dose methyl-prednisolone therapy and splenectomy. To treat iron overload, we administered recombinant human erythropoietin (Epo) in combination with phlebotomy. Total iron removed for 5 months was about 4 g. Thus, combination of Epo and phlebotomy was effective for the treatment of iron overload disease. Furthermore, we compared a degree of clinical effect of subcutaneous administration of Epo with that of intravenous administration in the clinical course and found the former more effective.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[A case of oral gold tablet-induced interstitial pneumonitis].

A 76-year-old woman was admitted with exertional dyspnea and chest roentgenographical abnormal shadows appearing after oral gold therapy (total 720 mg) for rheumatoid arthritis. Based on the patient's clinical course, chest roentgenograms, chest CT and pathological findings of TBLB specimens, gold pneumonitis was diagnosed. Steroid therapy improved symptoms and pulmonary function and cotton-like shadows on chest roentgenograms and chest CT scanning. However, linear and large ringed shadows on chest roentgenograms and chest CT scan remained, even after steroid therapy. This case is the first case of oral gold tablet-induced pneumonitis. Although the mechanism of oral gold tablet-induced pneumonitis is considered to be almost the same that of gold injection therapy-induced pneumonitis, this case suggested that fibrotic changes in oral gold tablet-induced pneumonitis may be delayed over a long period.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

[A case of prostatic hyperplasia in a young male].

Prostatic hyperplasia in young males is a very rare disease. A 28-year-old man was admitted to our hospital on June 24, 1989, with the chief complaints of intermittent macrohematuria and dysuria. Endoscopic examination revealed two papillary tumors in the prostatic urethra; no urinary bladder tumor was found. A transurethral resection was done for the urethral tumors. Pathological examination revealed prostatic hyperplasia. These lesions were considered ectopic prostatic tissue at first. However, imaging showed that this may in fact be prostatic hyperplasia of the apical region near the capsule. The post-operative course was uneventful and he is presently observed as an outpatient. This patient represents the seventh case reported in the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Effects of depth on the display of color Doppler flow imaging with transesophageal and transthoracic transducers: an experimental study].

Transesophageal color Doppler flow imaging has proved to provide an accurate and sensitive information for diagnosis of valvular regurgitation. However, it is necessary to understand the difference in the display of color Doppler image between transesophageal and conventional transthoracic transducers for quantitative assessment of valvular regurgitation. In this study, the effects of the depth between transducer and jet flow on color Doppler flow imaging were evaluated with the transesophageal (3.75 MHz) and conventional (2.5 MHz) transducers by using a flow phantom. A flow circuit was filled with saline in which nylon corpuscles (average diameter; 5 microns) were suspended to enhance the Doppler effects. A turbulent jet with constant flow velocity (Reynolds number; 3500) stimulating valvular regurgitant flow was produced in a water bath through a small orifice (2 mm) by constant driving pressure (100 mmHg). Color jet imaging in the long- and short-axis views were observed at each depth with both transducers. The measurement was made every 1 cm in depth from 3 to 12 cm. The color gain setting was fixed at the optimal point so as to get the maximal flow image with the minimal static background noise. We obtained larger image of the color jet signal with the conventional than the transesophageal transducer. Although a mosaic pattern was displayed more distinctly with the transesophageal transducer compared with that of the conventional transducer, the transesophageal image tended to become indistinct in the depth deeper than 8 cm. On the other hand, the transthoracic image was maintained relatively constant at any depth.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1991

[Aortic arch replacement by simple hypothermic retrograde cerebral perfusion for long cerebral circulatory arrest--a successful case report].

We have recently discovered that hypothermic cerebral retrograde perfusion can be performed by simply elevating the central venous pressure in Trendelenburg's position during aortic arch surgery. During deep hypothermic perfusion of the lower half of the body with an occlusion balloon in the descending aorta, oxygen saturated venous blood supplied the brain with oxygen. A successful case is reported. A case was 53 y.o. woman of dissecting aortic aneurysm DeBakey type II, with a true aortic arch aneurysm. Under median sternotomy the right atrium and the femoral artery were cannulated for cardiopulmonary bypass. With the brain under retrograde perfusion at a rectal temperature of 16 degrees C and a central venous pressure of 10-15 mmHg, the ascending to the descending aorta was replaced. Blood flowed into the aortic arch from the arch vessels was blackish in color. Brain circulatory arrest time was 81 min. Postoperative course was uneventful. It is suggested that this simple retrograde cerebral perfusion during hypothermic aortic arch surgery protected the brain for an extended brain circulatory arrest time, and eliminated the need for clamping at the aortic arch and the arch vessels, and simplified the operative procedure.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed1991

[Neurocytoma in the left frontal lobe].

We report a case of a 7-year-old right-handed girl with neurocytoma in the left frontal lobe. She developed convulsive seizures on the right side of her face at the age of 1 year and 8 months, and CT scan revealed a low density lesion in the left frontal lobe near the Sylvian fissure. CT scan at the age of 7 years showed slight enlargement of the lesion in size, and linear calcification in the mass. MRI imaging revealed the lesion to be a solid mass involving the area of Brodmann 44 of the left cerebral hemisphere. However, amytal test disclosed that her speech center was not situated in the left cerebral hemisphere. Subtotal removal of the tumor and removal of the epileptogenic focus were performed and no neurological deficits including speech disturbance resulted. The tumor was diagnosed as neurocytoma by electron microscopy. Because this tumor was considered of low malignancy, no radiation or chemotherapy was given. It is emphasized that neurocytoma can occur in parts of the brain other than in the ventricular system, though the incidence of the tumor is more frequent in the latter.

Brain Neoplasms↗