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Biomedical subjects

M Hara

Publications and source records attributed to M Hara.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Sodium alkyl ether sulfate preparative electrophoresis for the preparation of reaction centers without H-subunit from Rhodopseudomonas viridis.

Sodium alkyl ether sulfate (AES), an analog of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was used in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) for the partial decomposition of the photosynthetic reaction center (RC) of Rhodopseudomonas viridis. Unlike SDS, AES did not completely dissociate RC into its subunits but selectively detached H-subunit from RC to give RC(-H) without losing the spectroscopic nature of RC. For the denaturation of RC(-H), AES was found to be as mild as 3-[3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-l-propanesulfonate (CHAPS).

Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel↗
PubMed1998

Morphological and hemodynamic evaluations by means of transcranial power Doppler imaging in patients with severe head injury.

The following conditions of 17 patients with severe head injury (ages 9-76; mean 37:12 focal and 5 diffuse injuries) were evaluated during acute phase (1-14 days after injury, mean 5) by transcranial power Doppler imaging (PDI), a new color Doppler ultrasound technique: a) morphological changes via temporal window, b) hemodynamic changes in major intracranial/cervical arteries based on measured angle-corrected time-averaged mean (TAM)/ peak velocities and vessel diameter (Va), and calculated pulsatility indices (PI), vessel area (Va), and flow volume (Vf = TAM x Va). a) 1) Major trunks of intracranial vessels and circle of Willis and pathological changes in frontal/temporal lobes and midbrain were finely visualized. 2) Contusional hemorrhage and cerebral contusion demonstrated irregular hyper- and hypo-echoic lesions, respectively. 3) Delayed epidural hematoma showed a hyper-echoic band. b) 1) Decreased velocities, significant PI increase, and Va increase tendency were observed in intracranial arteries. 2) Increased velocities with Vf increase but no Va decrease indicated hyperemia rather than vasospasm. 3) Va in the intracranial vessels, however, tended to increase PDI appears useful in evaluating real-time and simultaneous morphological and hemodynamic information in pathogenesis and neurointensive care of patients with severe head injury.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Comparative effects of hypothermia, barbiturate, and osmotherapy for cerebral oxygen metabolism, intracranial pressure, and cerebral perfusion pressure in patients with severe head injury.

UNLABELLED: In order to select the optimal neurointensive treatment for patients with severe head injury and intracranial hypertension, the effects of hypothermia (HT), barbiturates (BT), and osmotic agents (OT) on focal and diffuse cerebral oxygen metabolism were evaluated by means of continuous monitoring of bifrontal regional oxygen saturation (rSO2), jugular bulb oxygen saturation (SjO2), jugular bulb temperature (Tjb), intracranial pressure (ICP), and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Cerebral oxygen metabolism in SjO2 and rSO2, ICP, CPP, and Tjb were continuously monitored in severe head injury patients with Glasgow Coma Scale < 8, ages 10-62: 13 with focal and 10 with diffuse injuries. The effects of BT (n = 6), HT (n = 9), and OT (n = 8) on these parameters (ICP/CPP, SjO2, and rSO2) were compared. Evaluations were performed in terms of: a) Percentage of abnormal values based on normal control values; ICP < 20 mm Hg, CPP > 60 mm Hg, SjO2 55-75%, and rSO2 60-80% were calculated, b) Effects of pentobarbital dose (mg/kg/h) for the parameters compared among < 1.0, 1.1-2.0, 2.1-3.0, and > 3.1. c) Effects of Tjb (degree C) on parameters compared among hyperthermia (> 38 degrees C), normothermia (36-37.9 degrees C), mild hypothermia (34-35.9 degrees C) and moderate hypothermia (< 33.9 degrees C). RESULTS: a) Abnormal data differed significantly among the three treatment groups. rSO2 showing ischemia on the affected side was more marked in BT than in HT or OT. b) ICP decreases and CPP increases correlated significantly with the pentobarbital dose. c) ICP decreases and CPP increases correlated significantly with decreased Tjb. CONCLUSION: The therapeutic effects of hypothermia, barbiturates, and osmotherapy on cerebral oxygen metabolism and ICP/CPP are different according to the underlying pathological lesions of patients with severe head injury.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Cardiovascular Effects of Bolus-Administered Vasodilators in Elderly Patients with Atherosclerotic Disease: A Comparative Study of Nitroglycerin and Prostaglandin E1

To evaluate the hemodynamic effects of vasodilators in elderly patients with atherosclerotic disease, systemic hemodynamics were examined during cardiac catheterization study. After the intravenous bolus injection of nitroglycerin (NTG, 5 µg/kg, n = 20) or prostaglandin E1 (PGE1, 0.2 µg/kg, n = 20), significant reduction of mean arterial pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI), and rate-pressure product (RPP) was observed. In contrast, cardiac index and stroke index were not significantly deteriorated in either group. In conclusion, bolus-administered NTG and PGE1 had beneficial vasodilating effects without harmful impact on cardiac functions in elder patients with atherosclerotic disease.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

Anticoagulant Effects of Argatroban on the Pre-DIC State in Patients with an Aortic Aneurysm: A Comparative Study of Heparin

We compared the efficacy of argatroban, a new synthetic thrombin-specific inhibitor, with that of heparin in pre-DIC state patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). A pre-DIC state was diagnosed by a detection of soluble fibrin monomer complex (FM) and increased levels of thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT) of more than 20 ng/ml. Twelve patients showing a pre-DIC condition were treated with argatroban (40 mg/day, n = 6) or heparin (10,000 U/day, n = 6) for 5 days. Coagulation and fibrinolytic profiles were analyzed before and after drug administration. FM became negative in two (33%) patients after the argatroban treatment and in all (100%) of the heparin-treated patients. Plasma levels of TAT were significantly decreased after the heparin treatment, however, there was no significant alteration in this parameter after the argatroban treatment. In conclusion, the anticoagulant effects of heparin were superior to those of argatroban in controlling the pre-DIC state associated with AAA.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

Noninvasive measurement of aortic pressure waveform by ultrasound.

At present, the aortic pressure (Pa) waveform can only be measured invasively. In this paper, we describe a new noninvasive method of measuring Pa. The aortic diameter (Da) pulse waveform was measured noninvasively from the suprasternal fossa using an echo-tracking system that was applied to the anterior and posterior aortic wall echoes. To eliminate viscoelastic distortion, the measured Da was converted to an estimate of Pa, named P beta, using the stiffness parameter beta, which revealed the viscoelastic relationship between the vessel diameter and its internal pressure. P beta was then compared with the Pa pattern that was measured directly. Eight patients with ischemic heart disease who had undergone cardiac catheterization were examined by this method. Results showed that (1) the Da and Pa waveforms were similar; (2) the P beta waveform resembled the Pa waveform more closely than did the Da waveforms for a single cardiac cycle (r = 0.970); and (3) in particular, P beta resembled Pa most closely during the upslope phase of the ejection period (r = 0.996). Our results suggest that the Pa waveform can be accurately estimated from noninvasive measurements by this method.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Micrometastatic colorectal cancer lesions in the liver.

A surgical resection of metastatic liver lesions from colorectal cancer contributes to an improved prognosis. However, the postoperative recurrence rate remains high, particularly in the residual liver. This is probably the result of the failure to detect small lesions. In the present study, we histologically examined the presence of intrahepatic micrometastases, which are considered to be related to recurrence in the residual liver. Intrahepatic micrometastases were histologically examined in 31 resected specimens of 25 patients undergoing a hepatic resection because of metastasis to the liver from colorectal cancer. Micrometastases were found in 14 of 25 cases (56.0%). They were located in the portal veins, central veins, sinusoid, and bile ducts. The longest distance from the main metastasis was 38.2 (mean 7.5 +/- 8.0) mm. The size of the macrometastases became larger, and the frequency of micrometastases and the distance of micrometastases from macrometastases had a tendency to increase. Continuous invasion of the macrometastases into the micrometastases through the vasculature or bile duct was also observed. These results suggested that some micrometastases observed in the metastatic liver from colorectal cancer were thus seeded from the primary lesions, while other micrometastases originated from the macrometastatic lesions as satellite lesions.

Colorectal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1998

Change in heart rate variability preceding ST elevation in a patient with vasospastic angina pectoris.

A case of vasospastic angina (VSA) in a 62-year-old man with frequent ST elevation throughout the day was reported. His coronary angiogram showed that intracoronary methylergometrine had induced total occlusion due to a vasospasm. Analysis by Holter monitoring suggested that the autonomic nervous system would contribute differently to the initiation of the coronary spasm depending on whether the VSA attacks occurred during the daytime or at night. During the nighttime, the high-frequency power (HF: 0.15-0.4 Hz) decreased during the 2 min before ST elevation, and the heart rate increased immediately before ST elevation. The low-frequency power (LF: 0.04-0.15 Hz) and the ratio of LF to HF (LF/HF) did not significantly change before ST elevation. In contrast, each of the heart rate variability components and the heart rate did not significantly change before ST elevation during the daytime. Thus, the pathophysiology of VSA during the daytime and nighttime seems to be different in its relation to autonomic tone. During the nighttime, vagal withdrawal may be a component of the mechanisms leading to VSA, while during the daytime, a change in autonomic tone may not play a major role in this case.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1998

[Cardiac hemangioma of the right ventricle--report of a case].

A 74-year-old male was admitted to our hospital with a diagnosis of intra-cardiac tumor on echochardiography, CT, and MRI. The tumor was located on the free wall of the right ventricle and protruded into the outflow tract. The surgical excision of the tumor was performed under cardiopulmonary bypass. The size of the tumor was 5 x 5 x 4 cm. Histological examination disclosed cavenous hemangioma. The post opertive course was uneventful. This is the forth case reported in Japan and the fifteenth case in the world.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[A surgical case for concomitant coronary artery disease and ASO with advanced colon cancer].

We report a successful surgical case of concomitant severe coronary artery disease and ASO with advanced sigmoid colon cancer. This patient underwent two-stage operation. Resection of the sigmoid colon was carried out first, then CABG and aortofemoral bypass was carried out simultaneously. The surgical strategy of a patient with coronary artery disease and malignant neoplasm is still controvertial, however, it should be decided considering the severity and the symptoms of both disease. In this case, ascending aorta was used as a donor artery for aortofemoral bypass. This technique will bring those benefits, i.e., consecutive operation procedures in same operating field, obtaining abundant blood flow to lower limb and safe IABP catheter insertion from subcutaneously tunneled bypass graft.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

Methylmercury inhibits gap junctional intercellular communication in primary cultures of rat proximal tubular cells.

Methylmercury (MeHg) causes renal injury in addition to central and peripheral neuropathy. To clarify the mechanism of nephrotoxicity by MeHg, we investigated the effect of this compound on intercellular communication through gap junction channels in primary cultures of rat renal proximal tubular cells. Twenty minutes after exposure to 30 microM MeHg, gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC), which was assessed by dye coupling, was markedly inhibited before appearance of cytotoxicity. When the medium containing MeHg was exchanged with MeHg-free medium, dye coupling recovered abruptly. However, the dye-coupling was abolished again 30 min after replacement with control medium, and the cells were damaged. Intracellular calcium concentration, [Ca2+]i, which modulates the function of gap junctions, significantly increased following exposure of the cells to 30 microM MeHg and returned to control level following replacement with MeHg-free medium. These results suggest that the inhibiting effect of MeHg on GJIC is related to the change in [Ca2+]i, and may be involved in the pathogenesis of renal dysfunction.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Myelodysplastic syndrome with translocation (8;21): a distinct myelodysplastic syndrome entity or M2-acute myeloid leukemia with extensive myeloid maturation?

We report a case of refractory anemia with excess of blasts in transformation with the translocation (8;21), which is frequent in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) but not in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Bone marrow blasts were 1.6% and an extensive myeloid differentiation was noted. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis revealed the presence of 21q22 translocations in mature neutrophils, indicating that clonogenic blast progenitors could actively undergo terminal differentiation to mature end cells in vivo. We consider that t(8;21)+ MDS may represent a rare clinical manifestation of M2-AML, in which blast progenitors have an extensive differentiation potential to mature neutrophils without maturation arrests.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Immunohistochemical and urinary markers of podocyte injury.

Renal podocytes play an important role in glomerular filtration. We estimated podocyte injury by light microscopic examination of kidney specimens or by urinary excretion of substances related to podocytes. Fresh kidney sections from 69 patients and urinary sediments from 84 patients with various renal diseases were examined immunohistochemically using fluorescent labelling. Four kinds of monoclonal antibodies which recognize podocytes were used: (1) anti-podocalyxin (anti-PCX) antibody, (2) anti-C3b receptor (anti-C3bR) antibody, (3) anti-podocyte protein, 44 kilodalton, (anti-pp44) antibody, and (4) anti-alpha 3 integrin (anti-Int alpha3) antibody. Labelling of kidney sections by anti-C3bR (k-C3bR) was reduced in cases of severe glomerular injury, although there were no changes in k-PCX, k-pp44, or k-Int alpha3 labelling. PCX labelling of urinary sediments (u-PCX) was detected in nearly all cases of glomerulonephritis, u-C3bR was seen in some cases of glomerular injury, u-Int alpha3 was seen in only a small number of cases of severe glomerular injury, and u-pp44 was not detected in any urinary samples. u-PCX, u-C3bR, u-Int alpha3, and k-C3bR correlated with the degree of pathological change, the degree of proteinuria and hematuria. These results suggest that immunostaining kidney sections with anti-C3bR antibody and urinary sediments with anti-PCX, anti-C3bR, and anti-Int alpha3 antibodies might be useful in detecting podocyte injury.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Serous cystadenocarcinoma of the pancreas with liver metastases.

Serous cystadenocarcinoma of the pancreas is a rare entity. We report a primary tumor of the pancreas in a 56-year-old woman that was histologically indistinguishable from microcystic adenoma, but which behaved in a malignant fashion. Metastatic lesions were found in the liver at the time of the initial operation. Nine years after the initial operation, new metastatic liver nodules were found, and the histologic characteristics of these lesions were quite similar to those of the pancreatic neoplasm. This is a very rare case which may support the existence of the entity, serous cystadenocarcinoma of the pancreas.

Angiography↗
PubMed1998

Effects of trimebutine maleate on gastric motility in patients with gastric ulcer.

The effects of trimebutine maleate (TM), a prokinetic drug, on gastrointestinal motility in patients with gastric ulcer were investigated. Twenty patients with active gastric ulcers were allocated to two groups; 10 patients received a proton pump inhibitor alone (PPI group), given orally, and 10 patients received oral TM in combination with a PPI (PPI + TM group), each for a period of 8 weeks. Electrogastrography (EGG) and gastric emptying were measured before and after the treatment period. During the active ulcer stage, tachygastria (more than 0.06 Hz) or bradygastria (less than 0.04 Hz) in the EGG frequency were observed in 9 patients either before or after meals. During the healed ulcer stage, tachygastria or bradygastria was observed in 4 of 10 patients in the PPI group, while in the PPI + TM group, 1 patient had tachygastria and none had bradygastria. Postprandial dip (PD) was observed in 3 of the 20 patients during the active stage, while after treatment, PD was observed in 3 patients in the PPI group and in 6 patients in the PPI + TM group, respectively. Gastric emptying in the PPI group did not show any change between before and after treatment, while that in the PPI + TM group improved significantly after treatment. These results suggest that TM may have an ameliorative effect on abnormal gastric motility in patients with gastric ulcer.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
PubMed1998

Anterior cervical decompression and fusion for cervical spondylosis using vertebral grafts obtained from the fusion site. Technical advantages and follow-up results.

A retrospective analysis was done in 60 consecutive patients who underwent anterior cervical fusion using vertebral grafts obtained from the fusion site at the Nagoya University and its affiliated hospitals by a single surgeon (MT). Follow-up results and technical advantages are reported. The average follow-up period was 33 months (range 6 to 55 months). Sufficient decompression of the anterior cervical pathology was performed successfully via a wider operative field. The symptoms and neurological score improved significantly without any new deficits in all patients except in one with a three-level fusion who needed re-operation for further decompression. No major graft complications such as graft extrusion or pseudoarthrosis occurred. Graft fracture was noted in five cases. However, good bony fusion was observed in all these cases without any further treatment. Normal cervical lordosis was preserved in most cases except in four, who lost lordotic alignment but did not show kyphosis. Major advantages of this method are a wider operative field, excellent graft fusion rate, and no need for an additional incision to obtain autogenous bone graft. These benefits seem have to contributed to satisfactory surgical results in this series.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue of the thymus: a report of two cases with a background of Sjögren's syndrome and monoclonal gammopathy.

Two rare cases of low-grade B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) arising in the thymus are reported. Both patients (a 61-year-old man and a 75-year-old woman) were suffering from Sjögren's syndrome and immunoglobulin (Ig)A kappa monoclonal gammopathy. Mixed IgA-IgG cryoglobulinemia was also present in the male case. Tumor cells expressed IgA and kappa antibody reactive proteins identical with serum IgA kappa M. Moreover, we could demonstrate rearrangements of the immunoglobulin heavy and light chain genes, which supported the monoclonal origin of tumor cells. Immunological abnormalities improved after thymectomy in one case in which the tumor cells were confined to the thymus, but not the other with regional lymph node involvement, suggesting a causal role for the tumor. MALT lymphomas of the thymus thus appear to be associated with immunological disorders such as Sjögren's syndrome or monoclonal gammopathy.

Aged↗